.. sv:rm:Wj:ri ..
sv:rm:Wj:ri
svaramaJNjarii
Send corrections to Avinash Sathaye sohum@ms.uky.edu
Some portion is not translated yet, but the
the specific portion does not seem so important for the rules
of accents . It is more general and is about the grammar rules related
to accents, is usually useless for a specific document. --Avinash.
AT:aüt:Î AÄev:káty:Øp:ðt:a
.. s:öeht:a-p:dp:aYev:m:S:üs:eht:a v:òedksv:rp:¹et:H ..
(l:ðK:kH -v:ð . S:a . s:ö . g:iv:aüN:B:Ü\:N: *y:öb:k b:l:v:öt: ABy:ökr,b:i . O . [s:öskát: A:ô.]p:ØN:ð.)
.. )T:m:g:ØcCH -sv:r)e#y:atm:kH ..
m:¤l:m:Î(Invocation:)
n:an:an:am:D:rö l::ðkñ l::ðkan:am:B:y:ökrm:Î .
s:daeS:v:sv:-p:ö t:ö *y:öb:kö )N:m:amy:hm:Î .. 1..
Translation :
I bow before the three-eyed God Shiva with auspicious features who has many different names and
protects the people of the worlds.
sv:rm:h¶v:m:Î (Importance of the accents)
Â:iv:òü sv:rÁ: v:ðdan:am:T:üb::ðD:H s:ØK:ö sv:rat:Î .
S:عp:aYH sv:radðv: sv:rw:ð l:B:t:ð p:rm:Î .. 2..
Translation:
Accents are the precious features of the Vedas, it is easy to know the meaning through the
accents, also the expert in the accents acquires the proper intonation of the Vedas through
their use.
g:ÒöT:)y::ðj:n:m:Î (Purpose of this book.)
sv:rwan:)v:ðS:ay: e¾j:an:aö v:ðdp:aeYn:am:Î .
*y:öb:kiy:aem:m:aö v:xy:ð v:òedksv:rp:¹et:m:Î .. 3..
B:g:v:an:Î p:aeN:en:v:ðüe¶: sv:rS:as*:m:haN:üv:m:Î .
uRÙp:ö m:tkáet:B:Üüy:at:Î t:ert:Øö t:ö s:ØdÙst:rm:Î .. 4..
s:Øs:Üxm:ev:\:y:sy:asy: S:as*:iy:)et:p:adn:ð .
n: t:T:aest: kát::ð y:tn::ð y:T:a b:al:av:b::ðD:n:ð .. 5..
Translation:
I will describe my (*y:öb:kiy:) system of accents to introduce the Vedic students
to the science of the accents . Lord Panini knows the whole ocean of this science, let my
work serve as a boat to cross this difficult ocean! (To date) no effort like this has been
made to make the technical discussion of this subtle subject accessible to a layman.
sv:ert:v:a¨y:m:Î (Accented literature)
s:öeht:aH s:v:üv:ðdan:aö b:ÒaÉN:ö t:òe¶:riy:km:Î .
s:arNy:kö S:t:p:T:ö v:a¨y:ö sv:ert:ö sm:àt:m:Î .. 6..
eB:Àaen: sv:rec:Èaen: y:ed S:aK:as:Ø kas:Øec:t:Î .
s:m:an:òv:aest: s:v:ðü\:aö v:ðdan:aö sv:rp:¹et:H .. 7..
Translation:
The list of books which use the accent-system consists of all Vedas, Taittiriiya BraahmaNa and
AraNyaka and Shatapatha . In different branches, the notational system may be varied, but the
accent system is uniformly the same!
sv:rB:ðdaH (Different Accents)
uda¶:Á:an:Øda¶:Á: v:st:Øt:Á: e¾D:aH sv:raH .
sv:ert:H )c:y:Á:ast:ð|n:Øda¶:H sT:an:B:ðdt:H .. 8..
uda¶:m:Øcc: Ety:ahÚn:iüc: Ety:n:Øda¶:km:Î .
s:m:aharst:y::ðj:aüty:sv:ert:Á: en:g:½t:ð .. 9..
Translation:
Their are mainly two accents Udaatta ( Acute ) and Anudaatta (Grave). Others called
Svarita (Circumflex) and Pracahya are in reality Anudaatta in special positions.
Udaatta is described as ``high'' and Anudaatta as ``low''. Their combination
(in one syllable) is described as Jaatyasvarita (Independent Svarita ).
sv:r#m:H (List of Accents)
An:Øda¶:-uda¶:Á:-sv:ert:H )c:y:H #m:at:Î .
uda¶:aedt:rð s:v:ðü en:ht:a Eet: s:ösm:àt:aH .. 10..
Translation:
Anudaatta, Udaatta, Svarita and Prachaya is the list of accents . All except Udaatta are known
as Nihata (lowered at the end).
uda¶:m:h¶v:m:Î (Importance of Udaatta)
uda¶::ð D:ÒØv: Ot:ð\:am:Øda¶:al:öeb:n::ð|p:rð .
uda¶: Ok Ov:aest: en:eÁ:t:Á: p:dð p:dð .. 11..
Translation:
Udaatta is central to this system, all others depend on it! Each Pada contains at most one
Udaatta.
Note: Pada p:ddenotes an individual word unit that the saMhitaa s:öeht:a
- or the continuous text) is usually broken into . Several padas join to make a paada p:ad.
Usually two paadas make up a R^ichaa ?c:a, the basic unit of the suukta s:ÜVt:.
The version where the padas are listed separately is known as padapaatha p:dp:aYand
the accent rules for it are described below.
v:ðdB:ðdadÙda¶:H (variation of the Udaatta symbols)
udÓðeK:t: uda¶::ð|est: m:ò*:ay:aö kaYkñ t:T:a .
udðka¢aenv:t:H s:aemn: rðeK:t::ð|D:H S:t:ð p:T:ð .. 12..
S:aK:ay:aö t:òe¶:riy:ay:am:àgv:ðdaT:v:üv:ðdy::ðH .
t:T:a v:aj:s:n:ðyy:aö c: ec:Èhin: uda¶:kH .. 13..
Translation:
The Udaatta is marked with a superscript bar in MaitraayaNii and KaaThaka . It
has a superscript 1 in the Saamaveda and in Shatapatha it is underlined . In Taittiriiya,
Rigveda and Atharvaveda as well as Vaajasaneya, it is unmarked.
sv:rec:Èaen: (The accent symbols)
uda¶::ð|ec:eÈt::ð en:ty:ö )c:y:Á:apy:ec:eÈt:H .
udÓðeK:t:Á: sv:ert::ð rðeK:t::ð|D::ð|n:Øda¶:kH .. 14..
k:ðS:adðv:av:g:nt:vy:ö ekm:Øda¶:ö p:dð|x:rm:Î .
uda¶:ð c:òkda wat:ð way:nt:ð c: p:dsv:raH .. 15..
Translation:
(Except as noted above,) the Udaatta is unmarked and so is the Prachaya . The svarita
has a superscripted bar and Anudaatta is underlined.
Note: This describes the main Rigveda system
and others when they correspond.
In general, the notations need to be checked for individual
books . Unless otherwise stated, the Rigveda system is described here.
To know which syllable
is Udaatta, you need to consult appropriate references . Once an Udaatta is recognized, the rest of accents
in a Pada are known.
Note: A syllable means a full letter consisting of a consonant
combination with the trailing vowel or what constitutes a full letter Ax:r.
An:Øda¶:H(Anudaatta)
uda¶:p:Üv:üt:H s:v:ðü|n:Øda¶:a rðeK:t:a AD:H . -v:òÃ:an:rH .
Translation:
All Anudaattas before an Udaatta are underlined.
sv:ert:H(Svarita)
uda¶::ð¶:rt:Á:a½:ð|n:Øda¶:H sv:ert:sv:rH .. 16.. -p:Ør:ðeht:m:Î .
Translation:
The first Anudaatta after an Udaatta is a Svarita.
)c:y:H(Prachaya)
sv:ert::ð¶:rt:H s:v:ðü|n:Øda¶:aH )c:y:aH sm:àt:aH . -Em:ö m:ð g:ög:ð y:m:Øn:ð .
Translation:
All Anudaattas (in a string) following a Svarita are known as Prachaya
s:Àt:rH(Sannatara)
)c:y::ð|ny:p:d:ðda¶:p:rH s:Àt:rH sm:àt:H .. 17.. -s:rsv:et: S:Øt:ØedÓ .
Translation:
A Prachaya (in one Pada) followed by an Udaatta in the next Pada is known as Sannatara.
uda¶:H(Recognition of Udaatta)
)ay:H sv:ert:p:Üv:üsT::ð|n:Øda¶::ð¶:rt::ð|ep: v:a .
uda¶::ð|ec:eÈt::ð en:ty:ö t:½ØkÏ c:aen:ht:ö p:dm:Î .. 18.. -m:iZÙ\:ð .
Translation:
Generally, an unmarked syllable just before a Svarita or just after an Anudaatta is Udaatta.
The pada with an Udaatta is known as Anihata (not fully lowered).
j:aty:H(Recognition of the Jaatya)
en:edüÄat:Î sv:ert:adny:H sv:ert::ð j:aty:n:am:kH .
ev:ev:D:ö ec:eÈt::ð v:ðdð s:dòv::ðda¶:s:dáS:H .. 19..
?gv:ðdð t:òe¶:riy:ay:aö s: c:apy:ØdÓðeK:t:H p:Øn:H .
n:ic:at:Î p:rH p:dad:ò v:a sv:ert::ð y:H s: j:aty:kH .. 20.. -v:iy:üm:Î . sv:H .
Translation:
There is a Svarita which arises in a different manner
( i.e . without the Udaatta interaction as described above) and its is known as
Jaatya (Indepndent). It is marked differently in various Vedas and appears similar
to an Udaatta (in intonation).
In Rigveda and Taittiriiya, it is superscripted with a bar.
Any Svarita which appears right after a Niicha (low - or unchanged Anudaatta)
or in the beginning of a Pada (must be) a Jaatya Svarita.
sv:rp:erv:t:ün:m:Î (Special transformations of accents)
en:ty:ö y:aty:n:Øda¶:¶v:ö y:dny::ðda¶:p:Üv:üt:H .
sv:ert:H )c:y:Á:òv: y:Á: s:Àt:rst:t:H .. 21.. -n:m::ð ehrNy:b:ahv:ð . p:t:y:ð n:m:H .
Translation:
A Prachaya or a Svarita which appears just before an Udaatta becomes an Anudaatta and
hence is a Sannatara.
sv:rs:nD:y:H(Vowel joins across Padas)
ucc:ðn: p:rB:Üt:ðn: s:enD:en:üty:m:Øda¶:kH .
t:T:òv: p:Üv:üB:Üt:ðn: y:ed j:aty::ð n: s:öB:v:ðt:Î .. 22.. -*:ieN:+OkH =*:iNy:ðkH . n:av:a+Ev:=n:av:ðv: .
Translation:
If an Udaatta or Anudaatta syllable joines with the following Udaatta (vowel), then
the joined syllable becomes Udaatta.
If an Udaatta syllable joins with the following Udaatta or Anudaatta (vowel), then
the joined syllable becomes Udaatta, unless it becomes a Jaatya Svarita (as described below).
j:aty::ðtp:e¶:H(Creation of the Jaatya)
uda¶:p:Üv:ükH s:enD:y:ü½Øda¶:an:Øda¶:y::ðH .
s: c:aeB:en:eht:-x:ò)-)eSl:Äatm:k Ov: c:ðt:Î .. 23..
uda¶:s:dáS::ð j:aty:st:dòv::ðtp:½t:ð s:da .
Aty:Øcc:ö t:sy: p:Üv:aüD:üö p:raD:üö )c:y:atm:km:Î .. 24..
Translation:
A join as discussed above becomes a Jaatya if the corresponding join is one of the
three types known as Abhinihita, Kshaipra, or PrashlishhTa described below . the Jaatya
which is thus created has the first part much higher and the second like a Prachaya and
generally sounds Udaatta.
j:aty:B:ðdH(Classes of Jaatya)
s: j:aty:sv:ert:Á:aest: B:ð½:ð|B:ð½ Eet: e¾D:a .
AB:ð½H p:ds:öB:Üt::ð B:ð½Á: e¾p:d:ðetT:t:H .. 25.. -raj:ny:H . s::ð|kam:y:t: .
Translation:
This Jaatya is called indivisible, if it arises within a Pada, while it is divisible if it
comes due to joining two Padas.
x:ò)H(Kshaipra)
uda¶:sy:an:Øda¶:sy: y:da s:öeD:y:üN:atm:kH .
x:ò)n:am:a t:da j:aty:sv:ert:H s:v:üda B:v:ðt:Î .. 26.. -e*:+Aöb:km:Î=*y:mb:km:Î .
Translation:
If an Udaatta and Anudaatta join creats YaN (the consonants y, v, r, l), then the resulting
Jaatya is known as Kshaipra.
)eSl:ÄH(PrashlishhTa)
s: s:öeD:st:Ø y:da B:Üy:at:Î Æsv:ðkar¾y::ðetT:t:H .
)eSl:Äs:öwk:ð j:aty:H S:akly:m:t:t::ð B:v:ðt:Î .. 27.. -edev:+Ev: =edv:iv: .
Translation:
If the join comes from two short i, then according to Shaakalya, it is called PrashlishhTa.
AeB:en:eht:H(Abhinihita)
O-A-sv:ratm:kH sy:acc:ðt:Î s:öeD:H s::ð|v:g:Òhaenv:t:H .
t:daeB:en:eht::ð n:am: j:aty:sv:ert: ucy:t:ð .. 28..
-y:ð+Aöt:erx:ð =y:ðö|t:erx:ð . y:H+Asm:an:Î=y::ð|sm:an:Î .
Translation:
If the join is a combination of e and a resulting in an Avagraha, then it is known as
Abhinihita.
kmp:H(Kampa)
j:aty:Á: kmp:t:ð en:ty:ö j:aty::ðcc::ò p:rt::ð y:ed .
j:aty:Á:ðt:dÏ Æsv:v:N:aünt:st:nm:Dy:òka¢m:ael:K:ðt:Î .. 29.. -Apsv: nt:H .
j:aty:Á:ð¸iG:üv:N:aünt:st:nm:Dy:ð *y:¢m:ael:K:ðt:Î .
udD::ðrðeK:t:ö kay:üö s:dòt:cc:akáet:¾y:m:Î .. 30.. -A:ðVy:ð s::ðm:m:Î .
kmp::ð ev:el:Ky:t:ð c:òv:m:àgv:ðdaT:v:üv:ðdy::ðH .
ev:ev:D:ö ec:ÈÐy:t:ð|ny:*: t:*:t:*:av:l::ðky:ðt:Î .. 31..
S:aK:ay:aö t:òe¶:riy:ay:aö j:aty::ð j:aty:atp:r:ð y:ed .
AD::ðrðK:ö t:y::ðm:üDy:ð en:ty:m:ðka¢m:ael:K:ðt:Î .. 32.. -v:iy:üö 1 vy:B:j:t:Î .
Translation:
Any Jaatya followed by another Jaatya or Udaatta vibrates or acquires a Kampa.
If the Jaatya is a short vowel, then insert a number 1 between them (it and the following
Jaatya or Udaatta) and in case it is long, insert the number 3-These numbers are to be
marked with the superscript bar as well as the underline . In Rigveda and Atharvaveda,
Kampa is denoted thus . For variations in other books, look therein . In Taittiriiya,
an underlined
1 is written between two Jaatya Svaritas.
sv:ert::ð e¾ev:D:H(Svarita Types)
Ov:ö c: sv:ert:Á:ast:ð S:ع:ð j:aty: Eet: e¾D:a .
uda¶:acc: p:rH S:عH sv:-p:ðN:an:Øda¶:kH .. 33.. -m:an::ð|v:D:iH .
sv:ert:tv:ö c:l:ö t:sy: p:Üv::ðüda¶:v:S:ö y:t:H .
n:ic:tv:ö c: p:Øn:g:ücCðt:Î p:rt:Á:ðdÙda¶:kH .. 34.. -m:an::ð g::ð\:Ø .
Translation:
Svarita is classified as Shuddha (Pure or depenedent) or Jaatya (Independent).
The Pure or dependent Svarita is naturally an Anudaatta occuring after an Udaatta.
Its property of being a Svarita is thus unstable since it depends on the prior Udaatta.
Moreover,
it becomes Niicha (Anudaatta) if it is further followed by an Udaatta.
j:aty:sv:ert:H(Independent Svarita)
n:ic:atp:rH p:dad:ò v:a sv:-p:ðN::ðB:y:atm:kH .
sv:y:ö c: sv:ert::ð j:aty: ucc:t:Øly:Á: köp:v:an:Î .. 35.. -raj:ny:H . Vv: .
Translation:
The Jaatya Svarita is naturally created (as described) in the beginning of a Pada or after
a Niicha (Anudaatta), is similar to an Udaatta in sound and has Kampa (following it).
uda¶:)c:y:y::ðev:üS:ð\:H(Distinguishing Udaatta and Prachaya)
uda¶:H sv:ert:atp:Üv:üH )c:y:H sv:ert:atp:rH .
)c:y::ð y:aet: n:ic:tv:ö p:rt:Á:ðdÙda¶:kH .. 36.. -n:m:st:ð . D:àt:v:Òt::ð v:,N:H .
Translation:
Udaatta occurs before a Svarita, while Prachaya occurs after it . Prachaya followed by
an Udaatta becomes Niicha.
sv:r:ðcc:arH(Pronunciation)
uda¶:Á:an:Øda¶:Á: sv:ert:Á: *:y:H sv:raH .
ucc:òn:iüc:òst:T:a et:y:ükÏ t: ucy:nt:ð|x:raÂ:y:aH .. 37..
sv:ran:Øcc:ary:ðt:Î sp:Äö n:aet:dÝrö c: t:an:Î n:y:ðt:Î .
sv:r:ðcc:arH kT:ö kay:üH Â::ðt:vy:ö t:·Ûr:ðm:ØüK:at:Î .. 38..
Translation:
The three accents Udaatta, Anudaatta and Svarita can be (roughly) described as High, Low and
Across (High-low) and are attached to the whole syllables.
The accents should be clearly enunciated and should not be stretched too much (should not
be made too high or too low). The actual method must be learned from the Guru directly!
.. sv:rm:Wj:y:aüö e¾t:iy:g:ØcCH ..
e#y:ap:dsv:raH:-
A:d:ò v:aVy:sy: p:adsy: e#y:ap:dm:Øda¶:km:Î .
m:Dy:ð s:hðt:Økö hnt:c:n:ðe¹kÙev:denv:t:m:Î .. 39..
y:sm:adam:en*:t:ö v:aVy:ð n:ant:B:üev:t:Øm:hüet: .
ucc:ö e#y:ap:dö v:aVy:aedsT:s:öb::ðD:n:atp:rm:Î .. 40.. -Agn:ð n:y: .
en:,da¶:m:n:aedsT:ö m:ØKy:v:aVy:e#y:ap:dm:Î .
up:s:g:üH p:dö eB:Àö c::ðp:s:g:ü uda¶:kH .. 41.. *y:öb:kö y:j:am:hð . Edö ev:\N:Øev:üc:#m:ð .
uda¶:kö s:dòv:ast:ð g::òN:v:aVy:e#y:ap:dm:Î .
e#y:ap:dp:da¤Á:ðdÙp:s:g::ðü|n:Øda¶:kH .. 42.. -y: IS:ð Asy: . y:t::ð ev:\N:Øev:üc:#m:ð .
y:ed t::òl:en:k:ðeVt:Á:ðda½v:aVy:e#y:ap:dm:Î .
uda¶:kö B:v:ð½sm:a¶:¾aVy:ö g::òN:m:Øcy:t:ð .. 43..
uda . Aj::ðÊðk:ðj:Ø\:m:aN::ð|t:Ø S:ðt:ð j:haty:ðn:aö B:ØVt:B::ðg:aB:j::ð|ny:H ..
t:y::ðrny:H ep:pp:l:ö sv:a¾e¶: ..
y:½ðkkt:àükaH s:ent: v:aVy:ð c: b:hÚl:aH e#y:aH .
ev:n:a½am:Øcc:kaH S:ð\:ast:aBy::ð v:aVy:ö n:v:ö y:t:H .. 44.. t:reN:erjj:y:et: x:ðet: p:Ø\y:et: .
Translation:
s:öb::ðD:n:sv:raH:-
s:öb::ðD:n:m:n:aedsT:ö en:ht:ö c:ðdhðt:Økm:Î .
v:aVy:armB:ð c: p:adad:ò tv:a½v:N:ü uda¶:km:Î .. 45.. -n:m:st:ð ,dÓ . )j:ap:t:ð n: tv:dðt:any:ny::ð .
v:aVy:armB:esT:t:an:ðks:öb:عy: uda¶:kaH .
)ay::ð|n:Øda¶:kö ev:½at:Î s:öb::ðD:n:ev:S:ð\:N:m:Î .. 46.. -dÓap:ðAnD:s:sp:t:ð derdÓt:Î . p:àeT:ev: m:at:H .
Translation:
s:m:as:sv:raH:-
)D:an:ö y:tp:dö c:ast:ð s:m:as:ð t:dÙda¶:km:Î .
p:d¾y:ö )D:an:ö c:ðt:Î p:d¾y:m:Øda¶:km:Î .. 47..
uda¶:kö p:dö c:anty:ö )ay:st:tp:Ø,\:aed\:Ø . -EndÓ-S:*:ØH .
A:m:ÒðeRt:s:m:as:ð c: p:dm:a½m:Øda¶:km:Î .. 48.. ½ev:½ev: .
b:hÚv:Òiehs:m:asy: p:Üv:üö p:dm:Øda¶:km:Î .
p:Ø,-e¾-e*:-s:Ø-n:W:Î-t:Øvy:env:t:sy:anty:m:Øda¶:km:Î .. 49.. -v:$b:ahÚH . EndÓS:*:ØH . e*:n:aeB: .
Translation:
da¶:kaH:-
)ay:ðN: dðv:t:a¾n¾ð p:d¾y:m:Øda¶:km:Î . -½av:ap:àeT:v:i .
p:rnt:Ø c:avy:y:¾n¾ð p:Üv:üö p:dm:Øda¶:km:Î .. 50.. -s:ay:ö)at:H .
y:ed \:Åiev:B:Vty:¤ö s:m:as:)T:m:ö p:dm:Î .
uda¶:kö t:da B:Üy:at:Î t:ts:m:as:p:d¾y:m:Î .. 51..-b:àhsp:et:H . S:Øn:H S:ðp:H . b:ÒÉN:sp:et:H .
t:v:ò-)ty:y:Øx:bdsy:aedÁ:ant: uda¶:kH . -Ot:v:ò .
n:raS:ös::ð da¶:H sy:a¶:¾dðv: S:c:ip:et:H .. 52.. -S:c:ip:et:H .
Translation:
up:s:g:üsv:raH:-
ev:öS:t:ð,p:s:g:aüN:am:Øcc:a Okax:ra n:v: .
Ant::ðdat:H sm:àt::ð|B:iet: dS:any:ð c:a½Øda¶:kaH .. 53..
Translation:
s:v:üdan:Øda¶:kaH:-
s:öb::ðD:n:ö t:T:a en:ty:ö m:ØKy:v:aVy:e#y:ap:dm:Î .
y:da n: v:aVy:p:adad:ò t:da t:eÀ,da¶:km:Î .. 54.. -Em:ö m:ð g:¤ñ y:m:Øn:ð . g:N:p:et:ö hv:am:hð .
s:v:ün:amn:aö c: -p:aeN: y:aen: v:òkelp:kaen: t:Ø .
Im:Î-s:im:Î-y:T:a c: v:aVy:ant:ð en:p:at:a en:,da¶:kaH .. 54 A .. -y:a t: E\:ØH . ev:S::ð y:T:a .
uda¶:ka en:p:at:ð\:Ø n:Ün:ö Êðv:ö ekl:ady:H .
n:Ø-s:Ø-hiet: p:dðBy:Á: km:Î S:bd:ð en:ht:H p:rH .. 55..
Asy:ðet: )T:m:adðS: uda¶:ö sm:y:üt:ð p:dm:Î .
Anv:adðS:ð|n:Øda¶:ö t:½ed c:ð¾aVy:m:Dy:g:m:Î .. 56.. -y: IS:ð Asy: e¾p:dH . AT::ð y:ð Asy: s:tv:an:H .
Translation:
.. sv:rm:Wj:y:aüö t:àt:iy::ð g:ØcCH . Et:rv:ðdsv:raH ..
m:ò*:ay:N:ikaYksv:raH:-
m:ò*:ay:N:ikaYky::ð,da¶:st:ÜDv:ürðeK:t:H .
uda¶:ð c:òkda wat:ð way:nt: Et:rsv:raH .. 57..
t:ð dðv:a rae*:m:s:àj:nt: . (t:ð dðv:a rae*:m:s:àj:nt: .)
AD::ð|D:üv:e#t::ð j:aty::ð|n:Øda¶:H p:rt::ð y:ed .
Aec:eÈt:s*y:¢p:Üv:üH p:rt:Á:ðdÙda¶:kH .. 58..
AD::ðeb:ndÙy:Øt:Á:ast:ð kaYkñ sv:ert:H p:Øn:H .
AD:Hkil:ae¢t::ð j:aty:H p:rt:Á:ðdÙda¶:kH .. 59..
Translation:
S:t:p:T:sv:raH:-
n:Ün:ö S:t:p:T:ð B:Üy:at:Î kñv:l::ðda¶:dS:ün:m:Î .
uda¶:H sy:adD::ðrðK:ae¢t:H S:t:p:T:ð s:da .. 60..-AT: t:àN:òH p:erst:àN:aet: .
#m:ðN: c:ðdÏ b:hÞda¶:ast:ð\:am:nty:st:Ø ec:ÈÐy:t:ð .
uda¶:ec:Èm:apn::ðet: v:N::ðü j:aty:p:r:ð|ep: c: .. 61.. -s: t:p::ð|t:py:t: . m:n:Ø\y:H .
Translation:
s:am:v:ðdsv:raH:-
s:am:v:ðdð sv:raH s:v:ðü v:N::ðüp:y:ü¢deS:üt:aH .
Oka¢ec:eÈt::ð v:N:üH s:am:v:ðd uda¶:kH .. 62..
*y:¢ae¢t::ð|n:Øda¶:Á: sv:ert::ð ¢ec:eÈt:H .
¢ae¢t: uda¶::ð|ep: p:rt:H sv:ert::ð n: c:ðt:Î .. 63..
da¶:p:Üv:üH sv:ert::ð rkar ¢ec:eÈt:H .
Oka¢y:ØVt:y::ðra½eÁ:Èhin::ð e¾t:iy:kH .. 64..
y:ed ¾aBy:am:Øda¶:aBy:am:n:Øda¶:H p:rst:da .
ukar ¢y:ØkÏ c:a½:ð e¾t:iy:H sy:adec:eÈt:H .. 65..
j:aty:sv:ert: Ov:aep: rkar ¢ec:eÈt:H .
j:aty:atp:Üv::ðü|n:Øda¶:st:Ø kkar*y:¢ec:eÈt:H .. 66..
*y:¢:ð¶:r:ð ¢y:ØVt::ð j:aty: ucc:p:r:ð y:ed .
)c:y::ð|ec:eÈt:Á:ast:ð s:am:v:ðdð|ep: s:v:üda .. 67..
Translation:
.. c:t:ØT::ðü g:ØcCH . s:öeht:ap:dp:aYev:m:S:üH ..
p:dp:aYH(On PadapaaTha)
p:ad:ð m:an:ö s:öeht:ay:aö p:dö m:an:ö p:dð\:Ø c: .
Ok*y:¢atm:kH kmp:H p:dp:aYð n: c:asty:t:H .. 68..
Translation:
The unit in the SaMhitaa (continuous text) is Paada, while it is Pada in the PadapaaTha.
The Kampa with the numbers 1,3 does not exist in the PadapaaTha, because of this.
s:öeht:ap:aYat:Î p:dp:aYH(Conversion to PadapaaTha)
AD::ðrðK:ae¢t:an:Î kÙy:aüt:Î sv:ert:an:Î )c:y:an:ep: .
t:t:H p:daen: ev:g:àÊ s:v:aüeN: c: p:àT:kÏ el:K:ðt:Î .. 69..
uda¶:ö c: D:ÒØv:ö kátv:a el:K:ðt:Î )et:p:dö sv:ran:Î .
y:ed keÁ:¶:*: j:aty:st:ö y:T:òv: t:T:a el:K:ðt:Î .. 70..
Cands:ö y:dS:عö sy:at:Î S:عö kátv:a t:Ø t:ell:K:ðt:Î .
v:òeS:\®aen: c: s:v:aüeN: p:dp:aYsy: dS:üy:ðt:Î .. 71.. -(s:ö.)Â:ØD:i (p:.)Â:ØeD:
Translation:
To convert to PadapaaTha from SaMhitaa, put underlines under the Prachaya and the Svarita.
Then break up the Padas and write them separately . Each Pada should be writeen and marked
using the central Udaatta . If some Jaatya occurs, it should be marked as such . If anything is
metrically incorrect, it should be restored properly and written down . The various
special features and terms of the PadapaaTha should be then added.
p:dp:aYat:Î s:öeht:ap:aYH(Conversion to SaMhitaa)
v:òeS:\®aen: c: s:v:aüeN: p:dp:aYsy: l::ðp:y:ðt:Î .
AD::ðrðK:ae¢t:an:Î kÙy:aüt:Î sv:ert:an:Î )c:y:aöst:T:a .. 72..
kÙy:aücc: p:ds:öy::ðg:ö s:enD:S:as*:an:Øs:art:H .
uda¶:kan:Î D:ÒØv:ö kátv:a rc:y:ðt:Î sv:rp:¹et:m:Î .. 73..
Ok*y:¢atm:kö kmp:ö y::ðgy:sT:an:ð s:m:ael:K:ðt:Î .
Cnd:ðy::ðgy:ö ÆÐsv:diG:aüedkö s:v:üö )klp:y:ðt:Î .. 74..
Translation:
The special features and terms of the PadapaaTha should be dropped . The Svarita and Prachaya
should be underlined and then the Padas should be joined according to the Sandhi Rules . By
paying attention to the central Udaattas, the whole marking system of the accents should be
created . The Kampa marks should be introduced and the short or long vowels adjusted to the
meters.
.. p:Wc:m::ð g:ØcCH . p:dp:aYiy:v:òeS:\®aen: ..
s:m:as:ev:c:arH:-
S:bdö s:am:aes:kö ev:½aeÀty:m:ðkp:datm:km:Î .
Av:g:Òhaenv:t:ö kÙy:aüt:Î s:m:as:sy: c: ev:g:Òhm:Î .. 75.. -b:$|b:ahÚH .
n:òv: ¾n¾s:m:as:sy: ev:g:ÒhH e#y:t:ð kda .
Ev:ðn: c: s:m:as::ð eh s: S:bdÁ: ev:g:àÊt:ð .. 76.. -em:*:av:,N::ò . v:ts:ö|Ev: .
en:\:ðD:kö c:ax:rö A n: kdaep: ev:y:Øjy:t:ð .
)ðg:àÊant:s:m:as:sy: ev:g:ÒhðÁ:ðty:n:nt:rm:Î .. 77.. -Ahst:H . s:Ødan:Ü Eet: s:Ø|dan:Ü .
Translation:
)g:àÊev:c:arH:-
I-U-O c:aest: )g:àÊ:ð en:ty:ö e¾v:c:n:sy: c: .
Okarant:ö e¾v:c:n:ö m:Dy:m::ð¶:m:y::ðst:T:a .. 78.. -hri Eet: . m:m:at:ð Eet: .
Asm:ð-y:Ø\m:ð-Am:i-tv:ð c: )g:àÊaH s:v:ün:am:s:Ø .
)g:àÊant:an:Î s:da S:bdan:Î Eet: S:bdðn: dS:üy:ðt:Î .. 79.. -Asm:ð Eet: . tv:ð Eet: .
A:ðkarant:a c: s:mb:Øe¹r:ðkarant::ð en:p:at:kH .
rðPatm:kev:s:g:üÁ:ðedet:S:bdðn: y:Øjy:t:ð .. 80.. -kar:ð Eet: . u\::ð Eet: . p:Øn:eret: . Akerty:k .
s:an:Øsv:arÁ: diG:üÁ: Eet:y:ØVt::ð en:p:at: u .
p:dp:aYiy: Eet:y:ØkÏ S:bd Okp:datm:kH .. 81.. -Uö Eet: . r:ðds:i Eet: .
Translation:
)ty:y:ev:c:arH:-
)ty:y:as*:a-t:r-t:m:a m:t:Î-v:t:Î-By:aö-By:H-s:Ø-eB:st:T:a .
ev:g:àÊnt:ð y:ed sy:acc:ðdÏ m:Ül:-p:ö y:T:at:T:m:Î .. 82.. -p:Ø,\:|*:a . g::ð|m:t:iH . reSm:|eB:H
Av:g:ÒhH s:dam:Dy:ð D:at:Ø-p::ð-p:s:g:üy::ðH .
n:eh-n:Vy:ady:H S:bda en:ty:m:ðkp:datm:kH .. 83.. -ev:|esT:t:H . n:eh . n:ekH .
Translation:
t:òe¶:riy:ev:S:ð\:aH:-
ev:S:ð\:aH p:dp:aYiy:ast:òe¶:riy:a AD:st:n:aH .
m:ØKy:e#y::ðp:s:g:aüN:aö n:ðedÄ Eet:S:bdB:ag:Î .. 84.. -AeB: . s:em:et: . n:m:öt:Ø .
y:aen: ev:g:Òhy::ðgy:aen: s:öeht:ay:aö p:daen: c: .
Av:g:Òhaenv:t:st:ð\:aö ev:g:ÒhÁ:ðty:n:nt:rm:Î .. 85.. -m:hðndÓ Eet: m:ha|EndÓH . v:m:üeB:eret: v:m:ü|eB:H .
Av:g:Òhat:Î p:rö S:bdö eB:Àö m:tv:a sv:rö el:K:ðt:Î .
Ev:-S:bdH p:dö eB:Àö ¾n¾sy:aep: c: ev:g:ÒhH .. 86..-An:Øm:ty:a Ety:n:Ø|m:ty:ò .
Translation:
.. \:Å:ð g:ØcCH . v:ðdaT:üev:c:arH ..
:-
p:daen: p:Üv:üö j:an:iy:at:Î p:dsv:rm:n:nt:rm:Î .
up:s:g:aün:Î e#y:aS:bdòH s:öy::ðjy:aT:üö )dS:üy:ðt:Î .. 87..
AT:ü-sT:an:v:S:aeÀty:ö S:bdan:am:Øcc:n:ic:t:a .
uda¶:an:Øg:ØN:Á:aT::ðü dS:ün:iy: Eet: esT:et:H .. 88..
sT:an:aT:üy::ðrB:ðdð t:Ø S:bdsy: s:dáS:H sv:rH .
y:da n: t:ö sv:rö p:Sy:ðdny:T:aT:üö t:da n:y:ðt:Î .. 89..
Ov:ö p:dð s:m:as:ð v:a y:*::ðda¶::ð vy:v:esT:t:H .
t:atp:y:üö t:*: S:bdsy: sT:ap:y:ðedet: en:N:üy:H .. 90..
AnD:karð c: dip:ðn: g:cCÀ ssK:l:et: Vv:ec:t:Î .
sv:r)kaeS:t:Á:òv:ö v:ðdaT:ðü n: )m:a½et: .. 91..
Translation:
..up:s:öharH ..
:-
ABy:ökrkÙl::ðtp:Às*y:öb:k:ð b:al:dðhj:H .
s:m:ixy: s:öeht:aH s:my:kÏ kát:v:an:Î sv:rm:Wj:rim:Î .. 92..
v:ðdaT:üs:ØK:b::ðD:ay: S:as*:iy:p:YN:ay: c: .
t:sy:a ADy:n:n:ö kay:üö s:aT:üm:ðv: c: v:òedkóH .. 93..
B:Ü-S:as*:-v:s:Ø-B:ÜS:akñ (1861)Â:av:N:ð ká\N:v:ò\N:v:ð .
m:tp:Üjy:g:Ø,p:adaBy:aö m:Wj:riy:ö s:m:ep:üt:a .. 94..
m:n*:Á:ðt:Î sv:rt::ð hin::ð v:$ö B:Ütv:a ehn:est: s:H .
s: Ov: kam:D:Øg:Î B:Üy:at:Î p:eYt:Á:ð½T:asv:rm:Î .. 95..
Translation:
.. Eet: Â:i . b:i . O . Ety:Øp:p:ds:m:l:ökát:-g:iv:aüN:B:Ü\:N:-ABy:ökr:ðp:aÍ
*y:öb:kS:aes*:)N:it:sv:rm:Wj:ri s:m:apt:a ..
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