%@@1 % File name : tattvabodha.itx %-------------------------------------------- % Text title : Tattvabodha % Author : Adi Shankaracharya % Translation by : - % Language : Sanskrit % Subject : Philosophy (advaita vedanta) % Description/comments : Prakarana granths (elementary text) % Transliterated by : Sunder Hattangadi sunderh@hotmail.com % Proofread by : Sunder Hattangadi sunderh@hotmail.com % Latest update : June 19, 2003, November 21, 2007 % Send corrections to : sanskrit@cheerful.com % % Special Instructions: % i1h.hdr,ijag.inc,itrans.sty,multicol.sty,iarticle.sty % Transliteration scheme: ITRANS 5.2 % Site access : % http://sanskritdocuments.org % http://sanskrit.gde.to %----------------------------------------------------- % The text is to be used for personal studies and research only. % Any use for commercial purpose is prohibited as a 'gentleman's' % agreement. % @@2 % % Please ignore the following commands upto #indian and others with % \ mark, % which are needed for devanaagarii output and formatting. %-------------------------------------------------------- %-------------------------------------------------------- \documentstyle[11pt,multicol,itrans]{article} %\documentclass[11pt]{article} %\usepackage{multicol} #include=ijag.inc #endwordvowel=.h \portraitwide \parindent=100pt \let\usedvng=\Largedvng % for 1 column \pagenumbering{itrans} \def\engtitle#1{\hrule\medskip\centerline{\LARGE #1}} \def\itxtitle#1{\medskip\centerline{\LARGEdvng #1}\medskip\hrule} \def\endtitles{\medskip\obeyspaceslines} %% \begin{document} \engtitle{.. Tattva Bodha ..}## \itxtitle{.. tattva bodha ..}##\endtitles ## ##INVOCATION## vaasudevendrayogiindra.n natvaa j~naanaprada.n gurum.h . mumukShuuNaa.n hitaarthaaya tattvabodhobhidhiiyate .. saadhanachatuShTayasampannaadhikaariNaaM mokShasaadhanabhuuta.n tattvavivekaprakaara.n vakShyaamaH . 1 ##SADHANA CHATUSHTAYA (The four-fold qualifications)## saadhanachatuShTaya kim ##?## nityaanityavastuvivekaH . ihaamutraarthaphalabhogaviraagaH . shamaadiShaTkasampattiH . mumukShutva.n cheti . 1\.1 ##VIVEKA (Discrimination)## nityaanityavastuvivekaH kaH ##?## nityavastvekaM brahma tadvyatirikta.n sarvamanityam.h . ayameva nityaanityavastuvivekaH . 1\.2 ##VAIRAGYA (Dispassion)## viraagaH kaH ##?## ihasvargabhogeshhu ichchhaaraahityam.h . 1\.3 ##SHATKA SAMPATTI## shamaadisaadhanasampattiH kaa ##?## shamo dama uparamastitikShaa shraddhaa samaadhaana.n cha iti . 1\.3 . 1 ##SAMA## shamaH kaH ##?## mano nigrahaH . 1\.3 . 2 ##DAMA## damaH kaH ##?## chakShuraadibaahyendriyanigrahaH . 1\.3 . 3 ##UPARAMA OR UPARATI## uparamaH kaH ##?## svadharmaanuShThaanameva . 1\.3 . 4 ##TITIKSHA## titikShaa kaa ##?## shiitoShNasukhaduHkhaadisahiShNutvam.h . 1\.3 . 5 ##SHRADDHA## shraddhaa kiidR^ishii ##?## guruvedaantavaakyaadishhu vishvaasaH shraddhaa . 1\.3 . 6 ##SAMADHANA## samaadhaana.n kim.h ##?## chittaikaagrataa . 1\.4 ##MUMUKSHUTVAM## mumukShutva.n kim.h ##?## mokSho bhuuyaad iti ichchhaa . etat saadhanachatuShTayam.h . tatastattvavivekasyaadhikaariNo bhavanti . 2 ##TATTVA VIVEKA (Enquiry into Truth)## tattvavivekaH kaH ##?## aatmaa satya.n tadanyat sarvaM mithyeti . aatmaa kaH ##?## sthuulasuukShmakaaraNashariiraadvyatiriktaH pa~nchakoshaatiitaH san avasthaatrayasaakShii sachchidaanandasvaruupaH san yastiShThati sa aatmaa . 2\.1 ##THE FIVE SHEATHS (Pancha Kosa)## 2\.2 ##SHARIRA TRAYA (The Three Bodies)## 2\.3 ##AVASTHA TRAYA (The Three States)## 2\.4 ##SATCHIDANANDA SVARUPA (Existence-Knowledge-Bliss)## 3 ##STHULA-SUKSHMA-KARANA SHARIRAS (Sharira-Traya)## 3\.1 ##STHULA SHARIRA## sthuulashariira.n kim.h ##?## pa~nchiikR^itapa~nchamahaabhuutaiH kR^ita.n satkarmajanya.n sukhaduHkhaadibhogaayatama.n shariiram.h asti jaayate vardhate vipariNamate apakShiiyate vinashyatiiti ShaD{}vikaaravadetatsthuulashariiram.h . 3\.2 ##SUKSHMA SHARIRA## suukShmashariiraM kim.h ##?## apa~nchiikR^itapa~nchamahaabhuutaiH kR^ita.n satkarmajanya.n sukhaduHkhaadibhogasaadhanaM pa~nchaj~naanendriyaaNi pa~nchakarmendriyaaNi pa~nchapraaNaadayaH manashchaikaM buddhishchaikaa eva.n saptadashaakalaabhiH saha yattiShThati tatsuukShmashariiram.h . 3\.2 . 1 ##JNANA INDRIYAS (Organs of Perception)## shrotra.n tvak.h chakShuH rasanaa ghraaNam.h iti pa~ncha j~naanendriyaaNi . shrotrasya digdevataa . tvacho vaayuH . chakShuShaH suuryaH . rasanaayaa varuNaH . ghraaNasya ashvinau . iti j~naanendriyadevataaH . shrotrasya viShayaH shabdagrahaNam.h . tvacho viShayaH sparshagrahaNam.h . chakShuSho viShayaH ruupagrahaNam.h . rasanaayaa viShayaH rasagrahaNam.h . ghraaNasya viShayaH gandhagrahaNam.h iti . 3\.2 . 2 ##KARMA INDRIYAS (Organs of Action)## vaakpaaNipaadapaayuupasthaaniiti pa~nchakarmendriyaaNi . vaacho devataa vahniH . hastayorindraH . paadayorviShNuH . paayormR^ityuH . upasthasya prajaapatiH . iti karmendriyadevataaH . vaacho viShayaH bhaaShaNam.h . paaNyorviShayaH vastugrahaNam.h . paadayorviShayaH gamanam.h . paayorviShayaH malatyaagaH . upasthasya viShayaH aananda iti . 3\.3 ##KARANA SHARIRA## kaaraNashariira.n kim.h ##?## anirvaachyaanaadyavidyaaruupa.n shariiradvayasya kaaraNamaatra.n satsvaruupaa.aj~naana.n nirvikalpakaruupa.n yadasti tatkaaraNashariiram.h . 4 ##AVASTHA TRAYA (The Three States)## avasthaatraya.n kim.h ##?## jaagratsvapnasuShuptyavasthaaH . 4\.1 ##JAGRAT AVASTHAA (Waking State)## jaagradavasthaa kaa ##?## shrotraadij~naanendriyaiH shabdaadiviShayaishcha j~naayate iti yat saa jaagradaavasthaa . sthuula shariiraabhimaanii aatmaa vishva ityuchyate . 4\.2 ##SVAPNA AVASTHA (Dream State)## svapnaavasthaa keti chet.h jaagradavasthaayaa.n yaddR^iShTa.n yad.h shrutam.h tajjanitavaasanayaa nidraasamaye yaH prapa~nchaH pratiiyate saa svapnaavasthaa . suukShmashariiraabhimaanii aatmaa taijasa ityuchyate . 4\.3 ##SUSHUPTI AVASTHA (Deep-sleep State)## ataH suShuptavasthaa kaa ##?## aha.n kimapi na jaanaami sukhena mayaa nidraa.anubhuuyata iti suShuptyavasthaa . kaaraNashariiraabhimaanii aatmaa praaj~na ityuchyate . 5 ##PANCHA KOSHAS## pa~ncha koshaaH ke ##?## annamayaH praaNamayaH manomayaH vij~naanamayaH aanandamayashcheti . 5\.1 ##ANNAMAYA KOSHA (Food Sheath)## annamayaH kaH ##?## annarasenaiva bhuutvaa annarasenaiva vR^iddhiM praapya annaruupapR^ithivyaa.n yadviliiyate tadannamayaH koshaH sthuulashariiram.h . 5\.2 ##PRANAMAYA KOSHA (Vital Air Sheath)## praaNamayaH kaH ##?## praaNaadyaaH pa~nchavaayavaH vaagaadiindriyapa~chakaM praaNamayaH koshaH . 5\.3 ##MANOMAYA KOSHA (Mental Sheath)## manomayaH koshaH kaH ##?## manashcha j~naanendriyapa~nchakaM militvaa yo bhavati sa manomayaH koshaH . 5\.4 ##VIJNANAMAYA KOSHA (Intellectual Sheath)## vij~naanamayaH kaH ##?## buddhij~naanendriyapa~nchakaM militvaa yo bhavati sa vij~naanamayaH koshaH . 5\.5 ##ANANDAMAYA KOSHA (Bliss Sheath)## aanandamayaH kaH ##?## evameva kaaraNashariirabhuutaavidyaasthamalinasattvaM priyaadivR^ittisahita.n sat.h aanandamayaH koshaH . etatkoshapa~nchakam.h . 5\.6 ##PANCHAKOSHATITA## madiiya.n shariiraM madiiyaaH praaNaaH madiiyaM manashcha madiiyaa buddhirmadiiya.n j~naanamiti svenaiva j~naayate tadyathaa madiiyatvena j~naata.n kaTakakuNDala gR^ihaadika.n svasmaadrinna.ntathaa pa~nchakoshaadika.n svasmaadrinnaM madiiyatvena j~naatamaatmaa na bhavati .. 6 ##ATMAN## aatmaa tarhi kaH ##?## sachchidaanandasvaruupaH . satkim.h ##?## kaalatraye.api tiShThatiiti sat.h . chitkim.h ##?## j~naanasvaruupaH . aanandaH kaH ##?## sukhasvaruupaH . eva.n sachchidaanandasvaruupa.n svaatmaana.n vijaaniiyaat.h . 7 ##JAGAT (The Universe)## atha chaturvi.nshatitattvotpattiprakaara.n vakShyaamaH . brahmaashrayaa sattvarajastamoguNaatmikaa maayaa asti . 7\.1 ##BRAHMAN## 7\.2 ##MAYA## 7\.3 ##CREATION## 7\.3 . 1 ##EVOLUTION OF THE FIVE ELEMENTS## tataH aakaashaH sambhuutaH . aakaashaad.h vaayuH . vaayostejaH . tejasa aapaH . abhdhayaH pR^ithivii . 7\.3 . 2 ##EVOLUTION OF THE SATTVA ASPECT## 7\.3 . 2\.1 ##ORGANS OF PERCEPTION## eteShaaM pa~nchatattvaanaaM madhye aakaashasya saatvikaa.nshaat.h shrotrendriya.n sambhuutam.h . vaayoH saatvikaa.nshaat.h tvagindriya.n sambhuutam.h . agneH saatvikaa.nshaat.h chakShurindriya.n sambhuutam.h . jalasya saatvikaa.nshaat.h rasanendriya.n sambhuutam.h . pR^ithivyaaH saatvikaa.nshaat.h ghraaNendriya.n sambhuutam.h . 7\.3 . 2\.2 ##ANTAHKARANA (Mind)## eteShaaM pa~nchatattvaanaa.n samaShTisaatvikaa.nshaat.h manobuddhyaha~Nkaara chittaantaHkaraNaani sambhuutaani . sa~NkalpavikalpaatmakaM manaH . nishchayaatmikaa buddhiH . aha.nkartaa aha.nkaaraH . chintanakartR^i chittam.h . manaso devataa chandramaaH . buddhe brahmaa . aha.nkaarasya rudraH . chittasya vaasudevaH . 7\.3 . 3 ##EVOLUTION OF THE RAJAS ASPECT## eteShaaM pa~nchatattvaanaaM madhye aakaashasya raajasaa.nshaat.h vaagindriya.n sambhuutam.h . vaayoH raajasaa.nshaat.h paaNiindriya.n sambhuutam.h . vanheH raajasaa.nshaat.h paadendriya.n sambhuutam.h . jalasya raajasaa.nshaat.h upasthendriya.n sambhuutam.h . pR^ithivyaa raajasaa.nshaat.h gudendriya.n sambhuutam.h . eteShaa.n samaShTiraajasaa.nshaat.h pa~nchapraaNaaH sambhuutaaH . 7\.3 . 4 ##EVOLUTION OF THE TAMASIC ASPECT## eteShaaM pa~nchatattvaanaa.n taamasaa.nshaat.h pa~nchiikR^itapa~nchatattvaani bhavanti . pa~nchiikaraNa.n katham.h iti chet.h . eteShaaM pa~nchamahaabhuutaanaa.n taamasaa.nshasvaruupam.h ekamekaM bhuuta.n dvidhaa vibhajya ekamekamardhaM pR^ithak.h tuuShNii.n vyavasthaapya aparamaparamardha.n chaturdhaa.n vibhajya svaardhamanyeShu ardheShu svabhaagachatuShTayasa.nyojana.n kaaryam.h . tadaa pa~nchiikaraNaM bhavati . etebhyaH pa~nchiikR^itapa~nchamahaabhuutebhyaH sthuulashariiraM bhavati . evaM piNDabrahmaaNDayoraikya.n sambhuutam.h . 8 ##ISHVARA AND THE ADHISHTHANA DEVATAS## 9 ##JIVA AND ISHVARA## sthuulashariiraabhimaani jiivanaamakaM brahmapratibimbaM bhavati . sa eva jiivaH prakR^ityaa svasmaat.h iishvaraM bhinnatvena jaanaati . avidyopaadhiH san.h aatmaa jiiva ityuchyate . maayopaadhiH san.h iishvara ityuchyate . evaM upaadhibhedaat.h jiiveshvarabhedadR^iShTiH yaavatparyanta.n tiShThati taavatparyanta.n janmamaraNaadiruupasa.nsaaro na nivartate . tasmaatkaaraNaanna jiiveshvarayorbhedabiddhiH sviikaaryaa . 10 ##TAT TWAMASI (That Thou Art)## nanu saaha.nkaarasya ki.nchijj~nasya jiivasya niraha.nkaarasya sarvaj~nasya iishvarasya tattvamasiiti mahaavaakyaat.h kathamabhedabuddhiH syaadubhayoH viruddhadharmaakraantatvaat.h . iti chenna . sthuulasuukShmashariiraabhimaanii tvaMpadavaachyaarthaH . upaadhivinirmukta.n samaadhidashaasaMpanna.n shuddha.n chaitanya.n tvaMpadalakShyaarthaH . eva.n sarvaj~natvaadivishiShTa iishvaraH tatpadavaachyaarthaH . upaadhishuunya.n shuddhachaitanya.n tatpadalakShyaarthaH . eva.n cha jiiveshvarayo chaitanyaruupeNaa.abhede baadhakaabhaavaH . 11 ##JIVANMUKTA## eva.n cha vedaantavaakyaiH sadguruupadeshena cha sarveShvapi bhuuteShu yeShaaM brahmabuddhirutpannaa te jiivanmuktaaH ityarthaH . nanu jiivanmuktaH kaH ##?## yathaa deho.ahaM puruSho.ahaM braahmaNo.aha.n shuudro.ahamasmiiti dR^iDhanishchayastathaa naahaM braahmaNaH na shuudraH na puruShaH kintu asa.ngaH sachchidaananda svaruupaH prakaasharuupaH sarvaantaryaamii chidaakaasharuupo.asmiiti dR^iDhanishchaya ruupo.aparokShaj~naanavaan.h jiivanmuktaH .. 11\.1 ##ASANGA (Unattached)## 11\.2 ##SATCHIDANANDA (Existence-Knowledge-Bliss)## 11\.3 ##SARVANTARYAMI (The Indweller of All)## 11\.4 ##CHIDAKASARUPA (Formless Consciousness)## 11\.5 ##APAROKSHA JNANA## 11\.6 ##FREEDOM FROM BONDAGE## brahmaivaahamasmiityaparokShaj~naanena nikhilakarmabandhavinirmuktaH syaat.h . karmaaNi katividhaani santiiti chet.h aagaamisa~nchitapraarabdhabhedena trividhaani santi . j~naanotpattyanantara.n j~naanidehakR^itaM puNyapaaparuupa.n karma yadasti tadaagaamiityabhidhiiyate . sa~nchita.n karma kim.h ##?## anantakoTijanmanaaM biijabhuuta.n sat.h yatkarmajaataM puurvaarjita.n tiShThati tat.h sa~nchita.n j~neyam.h . praarabdha.n karma kimiti chet.h . ida.n shariiramutpaadya iha loke eva.n sukhaduHkhaadiprada.n yatkarma tatpraarabdhaM bhogena naShTaM bhavati praarabdhakarmaNaaM bhogaadeva kShaya iti . 12 ##KARMA## 13 ##FREEDOM FROM BONDAGE## sa~nchita.n karma brahmaivaahamiti nishchayaatmakaj~naanena nashyati . aagaami karma api j~naanena nashyati ki.ncha aagaami karmaNaa.n naliniidalagatajalavat.h j~naaninaa.n sambandho naasti . ki.ncha ye j~naanina.n stuvanti bhajanti archayanti taanprati j~naanikR^itaM aagaami puNya.n gachchhati . ye j~naanina.n nindanti dviShanti duHkhapradaana.n kurvanti taanprati j~naanikR^ita.n sarvamaagaami kriyamaaNa.n yadavaachya.n karma paapaatmaka.n tadgachchhati . tathaa chaatmavitsa.nsaara.n tiirtvaa brahmaanandamihaiva praapnoti . tarati shokamaatmavit.h iti shruteH . tanu.n tyajatu vaa kaashyaa.n shvapachasya gR^ihe.atha vaa . j~naanasaMpraaptisamaye muktaa.asau vigataashayaH . iti smR^iteshcha . iti tattvabodhaprakaraNa.n samaaptam.h . ##\medskip\hrule\medskip Encoded and proofread by Sunder Hattangadi sunderh@hotmail.com \medskip\hrule\obeylines \medskip {\rm Please send corrections to sanskrit@cheerful.com} {\rm Last updated \today} \end{document}