Bhagavadgita words and meanings

भगवद्गीता शब्दार्थ

A caution: The word by word meanings are given here for reference, gathered from some books, not comprehensively studied or verified by scholars. There is a possibility of subjectiveness in this, however, there is no intention of promoting any sectarian belief. The meanings of the words change with the context as is evident when the words are sorted. We are limited to the information available. Please consider the importance of the message rather than technical aspects and refer to more established books. धृतराष्ट्र उवाच = King Dhritarashtra said धर्मक्षेत्रे = in the place of pilgrimage कुरुक्षेत्रे = in the place named Kuruksetra समवेताः = assembled युयुत्सवः = desiring to fight मामकाः = my party (sons) पाण्डवाः = the sons of Pandu च = and एव = certainly किं = what अकुर्वत = did they do सञ्जय = O Sanjaya. सञ्जय उवाच = Sanjaya said दृष्ट्वा = after seeing तु = but पाण्डवानीकं = the soldiers of the Pandavas व्यूढं = arranged in a military phalanx दुर्योधनः = King Duryodhana तदा = at that time आचार्यं = the teacher उपसङ्गम्य = approaching राजा = the king वचनं = word अब्रवीत् = spoke. पश्य = behold एतां = this पाण्डुपुत्राणां = of the sons of Pandu आचार्य = O teacher महतीं = great चमूं = military force व्यूढां = arranged द्रुपदपुत्रेण = by the son of Drupada तव = your शिष्येण = disciple धीमता = very intelligent. अत्र = here शूराः = heroes महेश्वासाः = mighty bowmen भीमार्जुन = to Bhima and Arjuna समाः = equal युधि = in the fight युयुधानः = Yuyudhana विराटः = Virata च = also द्रुपदः = Drupada च = also महारथः = great fighter. धृष्टकेतुः = Dhrishtaketu चेकितानः = Cekitana काशिराजः = Kasiraja च = also वीर्यवान् = very powerful पुरुजित् = Purujit कुन्तिभोजः = Kuntibhoja च = and शैब्यः = Saibya च = and नरपुङ्गवः = hero in human society. युधामन्युः = Yudhamanyu च = and विक्रान्तः = mighty उत्तमौजाः = Uttamauja च = and वीर्यवान् = very powerful सौभद्रः = the son of Subhadra द्रौपदेयाः = the sons of Draupadi च = and सर्वे = all एव = certainly महारथाः = great chariot fighters. अस्माकं = our तु = but विशिष्टाः = especially powerful ये = who तान् = them निबोध = just take note of, be informed द्विजोत्तम = O best of the brahmanas नायकाः = captains मम = my सैन्यस्य = of the soldiers संज्ञार्थं = for information तान् = them ब्रवीमि = I am speaking ते = to you. भवान् = your good self भीष्मः = Grandfather Bhishma च = also कर्णः = Karna च = and कृपः = Krpa च = and समितिञ्जयः = always victorious in battle अश्वत्थामा = Asvatthama विकर्णः = Vikarna च = as well as सौमदत्तिः = the son of Somadatta तथा = as well as एव = certainly च = also. अन्ये = others च = also बहवः = in great numbers शूराः = heroes मदर्थे = for my sake त्यक्तजीविताः = prepared to risk life नाना = many शस्त्र = weapons प्रहरणाः = equipped with सर्वे = all of them युद्धविशारदाः = experienced in military science. अपर्याप्तं = immeasurable तत् = that अस्माकं = of ours बलं = strength भीष्म = by Grandfather Bhishma अभिरक्षितं = perfectly protected पर्याप्तं = limited तु = but इदं = all this एतेषां = of the Pandavas बलं = strength भीम = by Bhima अभिरक्षितं = carefully protected. अयनेषु = in the strategic points च = also सर्वेषु = everywhere यथाभागं = as differently arranged अवस्थिताः = situated भीष्मं = unto Grandfather Bhishma एव = certainly अभिरक्षन्तु = should give support भवन्तः = you सर्व = all respectively एव हि = certainly. तस्य = his सञ्जनयन् = increasing हर्षं = cheerfulness कुरुवृद्धः = the grandsire of the Kuru dynasty (Bhishma) पितामहः = the grandfather सिंहनादं = roaring sound, like that of a lion विनद्य = vibrating उच्चैः = very loudly शङ्खं = conchshell दध्मौ = blew प्रतापवान् = the valiant. ततः = thereafter शङ्खाः = conchshells च = also भेर्यः = large drums च = and पणवानक = small drums and kettledrums गोमुखाः = horns सहसा = all of a sudden एव = certainly अभ्यहन्यन्त = were simultaneously sounded सः = that शब्दः = combined sound तुमुलः = tumultuous अभवत् = became. ततः = thereafter श्वेतैः = with white हयैः = horses युक्ते = being yoked महति = in a great स्यन्दने = chariot स्थितौ = situated माधवः = KRiShNa (the husband of the goddess of fortune) पाण्डवः = Arjuna (the son of Pandu) च = also एव = certainly दिव्यौ = transcendental शङ्खौ = conchshells प्रदध्मतुः = sounded. पाञ्चजन्यं = the conchshell named Pancajanya हृषीकेशः = Hrsikesa (KRiShNa, the Lord who directs the senses of the devotees) देवदत्तं = the conchshell named Devadatta धनञ्जयः = Dhananjaya (Arjuna, the winner of wealth) पौंड्रं = the conch named Paundra दध्मौ = blew महाशङ्खं = the terrific conchshell भीमकर्मा = one who performs herculean tasks वृकोदरः = the voracious eater (Bhima). अनन्तविजयं = the conch named Ananta-vijaya राजा = the king कुन्तीपुत्रः = the son of Kunti युधिष्ठिरः = Yudhisthira नकुलः = Nakula सहदेवः = Sahadeva च = and सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ = the conches named Sughosa and Manipuspaka काश्यः = the King of Kasi (Varanasi) च = and परमेष्वासः = the great archer शिखण्डी = Sikhandi च = also महारथः = one who can fight alone against thousands धृष्टद्युम्नः = Dhristadyumna (the son of King Drupada) विराटः = Virata (the prince who gave shelter to the Pandavas while they were in disguise) च = also सात्यकिः = Satyaki (the same as Yuyudhana, the charioteer of Lord KRiShNa) च = and अपराजितः = who had never been vanquished द्रुपदः = Drupada, the King of Pancala द्रौपदेयाः = the sons of Draupadi च = also सर्वशः = all पृथिवीपते = O King सौभद्रः = Abhimanyu, the son of Subhadra च = also महाबाहुः = mighty-armed शङ्खान् = conchshells दध्मुः = blew पृथक् = each separately. सः = that घोषः = vibration धार्तराष्ट्राणां = of the sons of Dhritarashtra हृदयानि = hearts व्यदारयत् = shattered नभः = the sky च = also पृथिवीं = the surface of the earth च = also एव = certainly तुमुलः = uproarious अभ्यनुनादयन् = resounding. अथ = thereupon व्यवस्थितान् = situated दृष्ट्वा = looking upon धार्तराष्ट्रान् = the sons of Dhritarashtra कपिध्वजः = he whose flag was marked with Hanuman प्रवृत्ते = while about to engage शस्त्रसम्पाते = in releasing his arrows धनुः = bow उद्यम्य = taking up पाण्डवः = the son of Pandu (Arjuna) हृषीकेशं = unto Lord KRiShNa तदा = at that time वाक्यं = words इदं = these आह = said महीपते = O King. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said सेनयोः = of the armies उभयोः = both मध्ये = between रथं = the chariot स्थापय = please keep मे = my अच्युत = O infallible one यावत् = as long as एतान् = all these निरीक्षे = may look upon अहं = I योद्धुकामान् = desiring to fight अवस्थितान् = arrayed on the battlefield कैः = with whom मया = by me सह = together योद्धव्यं = have to fight अस्मिन् = in this रण = strife समुद्यमे = in the attempt. योत्स्यमानान् = those who will be fighting अवेक्षे = let me see अहं = I ये = who एते = those अत्र = here समागताः = assembled धार्तराष्ट्रस्य = for the son of Dhritarashtra दुर्बुद्धेः = evil-minded युद्धे = in the fight प्रिय = well चिकीर्षवः = wishing. सञ्जय उवाच = Sanjaya said एवं = thus उक्तः = addressed हृषीकेशः = Lord KRiShNa गुडाकेशेन = by Arjuna भारत = O descendant of Bharata सेनयोः = of the armies उभयोः = both मध्ये = in the midst स्थापयित्वा = placing रथोत्तमं = the finest chariot. भीष्म = Grandfather Bhishma द्रोण = the teacher Drona प्रमुखतः = in front of सर्वेषां = all च = also महीक्षितां = chiefs of the world उवाच = said पार्थ = O son of Pritha पश्य = just behold एतान् = all of them समवेतान् = assembled कुरून् = the members of the Kuru dynasty इति = thus. तत्र = there अपश्यत् = he could see स्थितान् = standing पार्थः = Arjuna पितृन् = fathers अथ = also पितामहान् = grandfathers आचार्यान् = teachers मातुलान् = maternal uncles भ्रातॄन् = brothers पुत्रान् = sons पौत्रान् = grandsons सखीन् = friends तथा = too श्वशुरान् = fathers-in-law सुहृदः = well-wishers च = also एव = certainly सेनयोः = of the armies उभयोः = of both parties अपि = including. तान् = all of them समीक्ष्य = after seeing सः = he कौन्तेयः = the son of Kunti सर्वान् = all kinds of बन्धून् = relatives अवस्थितान् = situated कृपया = by compassion परया = of a high grade आविष्टः = overwhelmed विषीदन् = while lamenting इदं = thus अब्रवीत् = spoke. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said दृष्ट्वा = after seeing इमं = all these स्वजनं = kinsmen कृष्ण = O KRiShNa युयुत्सुं = all in a fighting spirit समुपस्थितं = present सीदन्ति = are quivering मम = my गात्राणि = limbs of the body मुखं = mouth च = also परिशुष्यति = is drying up. वेपथुः = trembling of the body च = also शरीरे = on the body मे = my रोमहर्षः = standing of hair on end च = also जायते = is taking place गाण्डीवं = the bow of Arjuna स्त्रंसते = is slipping हस्तात् = from the hand त्वक् = skin च = also एव = certainly परिदह्यते = is burning. न = nor च = also शक्नोमि = am I able अवस्थातुं = to stay भ्रमति = forgetting इव = as च = and मे = my मनः = mind निमित्तानि = causes च = also पश्यामि = I see विपरीतानि = just the opposite केशव = O killer of the demon Kesi (KRiShNa). न = nor च = also श्रेयः = good अनुपश्यामि = do I foresee हत्वा = by killing स्वजनं = own kinsmen आहवे = in the fight न = nor काङ्क्षे = do I desire विजयं = victory कृष्ण = O KRiShNa न = nor च = also राज्यं = kingdom सुखानि = happiness thereof च = also. किं = what use नः = to us राज्येन = is the kingdom गोविन्द = O KRiShNa किं = what भोगैः = enjoyment जीवितेन = living वा = either येषां = of whom अर्थे = for the sake काङ्क्षितं = is desired नः = by us राज्यं = kingdom भोगाः = material enjoyment सुखानि = all happiness च = also ते = all of them इमे = these अवस्थिताः = situated युद्धे = on this battlefield प्राणान् = lives त्यक्त्वा = giving up धनानि = riches च = also आचार्याः = teachers पितरः = fathers पुत्राः = sons तथा = as well as एव = certainly च = also पितामहाः = grandfathers मातुलाः = maternal uncles श्वशूराः = fathers-in-law पौत्राः = grandsons श्यालाः = brothers-in-law सम्बन्धिनः = relatives तथा = as well as एतान् = all these न = never हन्तुं = to kill इच्छामि = do I wish घ्नतः = being killed अपि = even मधुसूदन = O killer of the demon Madhu (KRiShNa) अपि = even if त्रैलोक्य = of the three worlds राज्यस्य = for the kingdom हेतोः = in exchange किम् नु = what to speak of महीकृते = for the sake of the earth निहत्य = by killing धार्तराष्ट्रान् = the sons of Dhritarashtra नः = our का = what प्रीतिः = pleasure स्यात् = will there be जनार्दन = O maintainer of all living entities. पापं = vices एव = certainly आश्रयेत् = must come upon अस्मान् = us हत्वा = by killing एतान् = all these आततायिनः = aggressors तस्मात् = therefore न = never आर्हाः = deserving वयं = we हन्तुं = to kill धार्तराष्ट्रान् = the sons of Dhritarashtra सबान्धवान् = along with friends स्वजनं = kinsmen हि = certainly कथं = how हत्वा = by killing सुखिनः = happy स्याम = will we become माधव = O KRiShNa, husband of the goddess of fortune. यदि = if अपि = even एते = they न = do not पश्यन्ति = see लोभ = by greed उपहत = overpowered चेतसः = their hearts कुलक्षय = in killing the family कृतं = done दोषं = fault मित्रद्रोहे = in quarreling with friends च = also पातकं = sinful reactions कथं = why न = should not ज्ञेयं = be known अस्माभिः = by us पापात् = from sins अस्मात् = these निवर्तितुं = to cease कुलक्षय = in the destruction of a dynasty कृतं = done दोषं = crime प्रपश्यद्भिः = by those who can see जनार्दन = O KRiShNa. कुलक्षये = in destroying the family प्रणश्यन्ति = become vanquished कुलधर्माः = the family traditions सनातनाः = eternal धर्मे = religion नष्टे = being destroyed कुलं = family कृत्स्नं = whole अधर्मः = irreligion अभिभवति = transforms उत = it is said. अधर्म = irreligion अभिभवात् = having become predominant कृष्ण = O KRiShNa प्रदुष्यन्ति = become polluted कुलस्त्रियः = family ladies स्त्रीषु = by the womanhood दुष्टासु = being so polluted वार्ष्णेय = O descendant of VRiShNi जायते = comes into being वर्णसङ्करः = unwanted progeny. सङ्करः = such unwanted children नरकाय = make for hellish life एव = certainly कुलघ्नानां = for those who are killers of the family कुलस्य = for the family च = also पतन्ति = fall down पितरः = forefathers हि = certainly एषां = of them लुप्त = stopped पिण्ड = of offerings of food उदक = and water क्रियाः = performances. दोषैः = by such faults एतैः = all these कुलघ्नानां = of the destroyers of the family वर्णसङ्कर = of unwanted children कारकैः = which are causes उत्साद्यन्ते = are devastated जातिधर्माः = community projects कुलधर्माः = family traditions च = also शाश्वताः = eternal. उत्सन्न = spoiled कुलधर्माणां = of those who have the family traditions मनुष्याणां = of such men जनार्दन = O KRiShNa नरके = in hell नियतं = always वासः = residence भवति = it so becomes इति = thus अनुशुश्रुम = I have heard by disciplic succession. अहो = alas बत = how strange it is महत् = great पापं = sins कर्तुं = to perform व्यवासिताः = have decided वयं = we यत् = because राज्यसुखलोभेन = driven by greed for royal happiness हन्तुं = to kill स्वजनं = kinsmen उद्यताः = trying. यदि = even if मां = me अप्रतीकारं = without being resistant अशस्त्रं = without being fully equipped शस्त्रपाणयः = those with weapons in hand धार्तराष्ट्राः = the sons of Dhritarashtra रणे = on the battlefield हन्युः = may kill तत् = that मे = for me क्षेमतरं = better भवेत् = would be. सञ्जय उवाच = Sanjaya said एवं = thus उक्त्वा = saying अर्जुनः = Arjuna सङ्ख्ये = in the battlefield रथ = of the chariot उपस्थे = on the seat उपविशत् = sat down again विसृज्य = putting aside सशरं = along with arrows चापं = the bow शोक = by lamentation संविग्न = distressed मानसः = within the mind. End of 1.46

सञ्जय उवाच = Sanjaya said तं = unto Arjuna तथा = thus कृपया = by compassion आविष्टं = overwhelmed अश्रूपूर्णाकुल = full of tears ईक्षणं = eyes विषीदन्तं = lamenting इदं = these वाक्यं = words उवाच = said मधुसूदनः = the killer of Madhu. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said कुतः = wherefrom त्वा = unto you कश्मलं = dirtiness इदं = this lamentation विषमे = in this hour of crisis समुपस्थितं = arrived अनार्य = persons who do not know the value of life जुष्टं = practiced by अस्वर्ग्यं = which does not lead to higher planets अकीर्ति = infamy करं = the cause of अर्जुन = O Arjuna. क्लैब्यं = impotence मा स्म = do not गमः = take to पार्थ = O son of Pritha न = never एतत् = this त्वयि = unto you उपपद्यते = is befitting क्षुद्रं = petty हृदय = of the heart दौर्बल्यं = weakness त्यक्त्वा = giving up उत्तिष्ठ = get up परंतप = O chastiser of the enemies. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said कथं = how भीष्मं = Bhishma अहं = I साङ्ख्ये = in the fight द्रोणं = Drona च = also मधुसूदन = O killer of Madhu इषुभिः = with arrows प्रतियोत्स्यामि = shall counterattack पूजार्हौ = those who are worshipable अरिसूदन = O killer of the enemies. गुरुन् = the superiors अहत्वा = not killing हि = certainly महानुभवान् = great souls श्रेयः = it is better भोक्तुं = to enjoy life भैक्ष्यं = by begging अपि = even इह = in this life लोके = in this world हत्वा = killing अर्थ = gain कामान् = desiring तु = but गुरुन् = superiors इह = in this world एव = certainly भुञ्जीय = one has to enjoy भोगान् = enjoyable things रुधिर = blood प्रदिग्धान् = tainted with. न = nor च = also एतत् = this विद्मः = do we know कतरत् = which नः = for us गरीयः = better यद्वा = whether जयेम = we may conquer यदि = if वा = or नः = us जयेयुः = they conquer यान् = those who एव = certainly हत्वा = by killing न = never जिजीविषामः = we would want to live ते = all of them अवस्थिताः = are situated प्रमुखे = in the front धार्तराष्ट्राः = the sons of Dhritarashtra. कार्पण्य = of miserliness दोष = by the weakness उपहत = being afflicted स्वभावः = characteristics पृच्छामि = I am asking त्वां = unto You धर्म = religion सम्मूढ = bewildered चेताः = in heart यत् = what श्रेयः = all-good स्यात् = may be निश्चितं = confidently ब्रूहि = tell तत् = that मे = unto me शिष्यः = disciple ते = Your अहं = I am शाधि = just instruct मां = me त्वां = unto You प्रपन्नं = surrendered. न = do not हि = certainly प्रपश्यामि = I see मम = my अपनुद्यात् = can drive away यत् = that which शोकं = lamentation उच्छोषणं = drying up इन्द्रियाणां = of the senses अवाप्य = achieving भुमौ = on the earth असपत्नं = without rival ऋद्धं = prosperous राज्यं = kingdom सुराणां = of the demigods अपि = even च = also आधिपत्यं = supremacy. सञ्जय उवाच = Sanjaya said एवं = thus उक्त्वा = speaking हृषीकेशं = unto KRiShNa, the master of the senses गुडाकेशः = Arjuna, the master of curbing ignorance परन्तप = the chastiser of the enemies न योत्स्ये = I shall not fight इति = thus गोविन्दं = unto KRiShNa, the giver of pleasure to the senses उक्त्वा = saying तुष्णिं = silent बभूव = became ह = certainly. तं = unto him उवाच = said हृषीकेशः = the master of the senses, KRiShNa प्रहसन् = smiling इव = like that भारत = O Dhritarashtra, descendant of Bharata सेनयोः = of the armies उभयोः = of both parties मध्ये = between विषीदन्तं = unto the lamenting one इदं = the following वचः = words. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said अशोच्यान् = not worthy of lamentation अन्वशोचः = you are lamenting त्वं = you प्रज्ञावादान् = learned talks च = also भाषसे = speaking गत = lost असून् = life अगत = not past असून् = life च = also न = never अनुशोचन्ति = lament पण्डिताः = the learned. न = never तु = but एव = certainly अहं = I जातु = at any time न = did not आसं = exist न = not त्वं = you न = not इमे = all these जनाधिपः = kings न = never च = also एव = certainly न = not भविष्यामः = shall exist सर्वे वयं = all of us अतः परं = hereafter. देहीनः = of the embodied अस्मिन् = in this यथा = as देहे = in the body कौमारं = boyhood यौवनं = youth जरा = old age तथा = similarly देहान्तर = of transference of the body प्राप्तिः = achievement धीरः = the sober तत्र = thereupon न = never मुह्यति = is deluded. मात्रास्पर्शः = sensory perception तु = only कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti शीत = winter उष्ण = summer सुख = happiness दुःख = and pain दाः = giving आगम = appearing अपायिनः = disappearing अनित्यः = nonpermanent तान् = all of them तितिक्षस्व = just try to tolerate भारत = O descendant of the Bharata dynasty. यं = one to whom हि = certainly न = never व्यथयन्ति = are distressing एते = all these पुरुषं = to a person पुरुषर्षभ = O best among men सम = unaltered दुःख = in distress सुखं = and happiness धीरं = patient सः = he अमृतत्त्वाय = for liberation कल्पते = is considered eligible. न = never असतः = of the nonexistent विद्यते = there is भावः = endurance न = never अभावः = changing quality विद्यते = there is सतः = of the eternal उभयोः = of the two अपि = verily दृष्टः = observed अन्तः = conclusion तु = indeed अनयोः = of them तत्त्व = of the truth दर्शिभिः = by the seers. अविनाशि = imperishable तु = but तत् = that विद्धि = know it येन = by whom सर्वं = all of the body इदं = this ततं = pervaded विनाशं = destruction अव्ययस्य = of the imperishable अस्य = of it न कश्चित् = no one कर्तुं = to do अर्हति = is able. अन्तवन्तः = perishable इमे = all these देहाः = material bodies नित्यस्य = eternal in existence उक्ताः = are said शरीरिणः = of the embodied soul अनाशिनः = never to be destroyed अप्रमेयस्य = immeasurable तस्मात् = therefore युध्यस्व = fight भारत = O descendant of Bharata. यः = anyone who एनं = this वेत्ति = knows हन्तारं = the killer यः = anyone who च = also एनं = this मन्यते = thinks हतं = killed उभौ = both तौ = they न = never विजानीताः = are in knowledge न = never अयं = this हन्ति = kills न = nor हन्यते = is killed. न = never जायते = takes birth म्रियते = dies वा = either कदाचित् = at any time (past, present or future) न = never अयं = this भूत्वा = having come into being भविता = will come to be वा = or न = not भूयः = or is again coming to be अजः = unborn नित्यः = eternal शाश्वतः = permanent अयं = this पुराणः = the oldest न = never हन्यते = is killed हन्यमाने = being killed शरीरे = the body. वेद = knows अविनाशिनं = indestructible नित्यं = always existing यः = one who एनं = this (soul) अजं = unborn अव्ययं = immutable कथं = how सः = that पुरुषः = person पार्थ = O Partha (Arjuna) कं = whom घातयति = causes to hurt हन्ति = kills कं = whom. वासांसि = garments जीर्णानि = old and worn out यथा = just as विहाय = giving up नवानि = new garments गृह्णाति = does accept नरः = a man अपराणि = others तथा = in the same way शरीराणि = bodies विहाय = giving up जीर्णानि = old and useless अन्यानि = different संयाति = verily accepts नवानि = new sets देही = the embodied. न = never एनं = this soul छिन्दन्ति = can cut to pieces शस्त्राणि = weapons न = never एनं = this soul दहति = burns पावकः = fire न = never च = also एनं = this soul क्लेदयन्ति = moistens आपः = water न = never शोषयति = dries मारुतः = wind. अच्छेद्यः = unbreakable अयं = this soul अदाह्यः = unable to be burned अयं = this soul अक्लेद्यः = insoluble अशोष्यः = not able to be dried एव = certainly च = and नित्यः = everlasting सर्वगतः = all-pervading स्थाणुः = unchangeable अचलः = immovable अयं = this soul सनातनः = eternally the same. अव्यक्तः = invisible अयं = this soul अचिन्त्यः = inconceivable अयं = this soul अविकार्यः = unchangeable अयं = this soul उच्यते = is said तस्मात् = therefore एवं = like this विदित्वा = knowing it well एनं = this soul न = do not अनुशोचितुं = to lament अर्हसि = you deserve. अथ = if, however च = also एनं = this soul नित्यजातं = always born नित्यं = forever वा = either मन्यसे = you so think मृतं = dead तथापि = still त्वं = you महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one न = never एनं = about the soul शोचितुं = to lament अर्हसि = deserve. जातस्य = of one who has taken his birth हि = certainly ध्रुवः = a fact मृत्युः = death ध्रुवं = it is also a fact जन्म = birth मृतस्य = of the dead च = also तस्मात् = therefore अपरिहार्ये = of that which is unavoidable अर्थे = in the matter न = do not त्वं = you शोचितुं = to lament अर्हसि = deserve. अव्यक्तादीनि = in the beginning unmanifested भूतानी = all that are created व्यक्त = manifested मध्यानि = in the middle भारत = O descendant of Bharata अव्यक्त = nonmanifested निधनानि = when vanquished एव = it is all like that तत्र = therefore का = what परिदेवना = lamentation. आश्चर्यवत् = as amazing पश्यति = sees कश्चित् = someone एनं = this soul आश्चर्यवत् = as amazing वदति = speaks of तथा = thus एव = certainly च = also अन्यः = another आश्चर्यवत् = similarly amazing च = also एनं = this soul अन्यः = another श‍ृणोति = hears of श्रुत्वा = having heard अपि = even एनं = this soul वेद = knows न = never च = and एव = certainly कश्चित् = someone. देही = the owner of the material body नित्यं = eternally अवध्यः = cannot be killed अयं = this soul देहे = in the body सर्वस्य = of everyone भारत = O descendant of Bharata तस्मात् = therefore सर्वाणि = all भूतानि = living entities (that are born) न = never त्वं = you शोचितुं = to lament अर्हसि = deserve. स्वधर्मं = one's own religious principles अपि = also च = indeed अवेक्ष्य = considering न = never विकम्पितुं = to hesitate अर्हसि = you deserve धर्म्यात् = for religious principles हि = indeed युद्धात् = than fighting श्रेयः = better engagement अन्यत् = any other क्षत्रियस्य = of the ksatriya न = does not विद्यते = exist. यदृच्छया = by its own accord च = also उपपन्नं = arrived at स्वर्ग = of the heavenly planets द्वारं = door अपावृतं = wide open सुखिनः = very happy क्षत्रियाः = the members of the royal order पार्थ = O son of Pritha लभन्ते = do achieve युद्धं = war ईदृषं = like this. अथ = therefore चेत् = if त्वं = you इमं = this धर्म्यं = as a religious duty संग्रामं = fighting न = do not करिष्यसि = perform ततः = then स्वधर्मं = your religious duty कीर्तिं = reputation च = also हित्वा = losing पापं = sinful reaction अवाप्स्यसि = will gain. अकीर्तिं = infamy च = also अपि = over and above भूतानि = all people कथयिष्यन्ति = will speak ते = of you अव्ययं = forever सम्भावितस्य = for a respectable man च = also अकीर्तिः = ill fame मरणात् = than death अतिरिच्यते = becomes more. भयात् = out of fear रणात् = from the battlefield उपरतं = ceased मंस्यन्ते = they will consider त्वां = you महारथाः = the great generals येषां = for whom च = also त्वं = you बहुमतः = in great estimation भूत्वा = having been यास्यसि = you will go लाघवं = decreased in value. अवाच्य = unkind वादान् = fabricated words च = also बहून् = many वदिष्यन्ति = will say तव = your अहिताः = enemies निन्दन्तः = while vilifying तव = your सामर्थ्यं = ability ततः = than that दुःखतरं = more painful नु = of course किं = what is there. हतः = being killed वा = either प्राप्स्यसि = you gain स्वर्गं = the heavenly kingdom जित्वा = by conquering वा = or भोक्ष्यसे = you enjoy महीं = the world तस्मात् = therefore उत्तिष्ठ = get up कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti युद्धाय = to fight कृत = determined निश्चयः = in certainty. सुख = happiness दुःखे = and distress समे = in equanimity कृत्वा = doing so लाभालाभौ = both profit and loss जयाजयौ = both victory and defeat ततः = thereafter युद्धाय = for the sake of fighting युज्यस्व = engage (fight) न = never एवं = in this way पापं = sinful reaction अवाप्स्यसि = you will gain. एषा = all this ते = unto you अभिहिता = described साङ्ख्ये = by analytical study बुद्धिः = intelligence योगे = in work without fruitive result तु = but इमं = this श‍ृणु = just hear बुद्ध्या = by intelligence युक्तः = dovetailed यया = by which पार्थ = O son of Pritha कर्मबन्धं = bondage of reaction प्रहास्यसि = you can be released from. न = there is not इह = in this yoga अभिक्रम = in endeavoring नाशः = loss अस्ति = there is प्रत्यवायः = diminution न = never विद्यते = there is स्वल्पं = a little अपि = although अस्य = of this धर्मस्य = occupation त्रायते = releases महतः = from very great भयात् = danger. व्यवसायात्मिका = resolute in KRiShNa consciousness बुद्धिः = intelligence एक = only one इह = in this world कुरुनन्दन = O beloved child of the Kurus बहुशाखाः = having various branches हि = indeed अनन्ताः = unlimited च = also बुद्धयः = intelligence अव्यवसायिनां = of those who are not in KRiShNa consciousness. यामिमां = all these पुष्पितां = flowery वाचं = words प्रवदन्ति = say अविपश्चितः = men with a poor fund of knowledge वेदवादरताः = supposed followers of the Vedas पार्थ = O son of Pritha न = never अन्यत् = anything else अस्ति = there is इति = thus वादिनः = the advocates कामात्मानः = desirous of sense gratification स्वर्गपराः = aiming to achieve heavenly planets जन्मकर्मफलप्रदां = resulting in good birth and other fruitive reactions क्रियाविशेष = pompous ceremonies बहुलां = various भोग = in sense enjoyment ऐश्वर्य = and opulence गतिं = progress प्रति = towards. भोग = to material enjoyment ऐश्वर्य = and opulence प्रसक्तानां = for those who are attached तया = by such things अपहृतचेतसां = bewildered in mind व्यवसायात्मिका = fixed in determination बुद्धिः = devotional service to the Lord समाधौ = in the controlled mind न = never विधीयते = does take place. त्रैगुण्य = pertaining to the three modes of material nature विषयाः = on the subject matter वेदाः = Vedic literatures निस्त्रैगुण्यः = transcendental to the three modes of material nature भव = be अर्जुन = O Arjuna निर्द्वन्द्वः = without duality नित्यसत्त्वस्थः = in a pure state of spiritual existence निर्योगक्षेमः = free from ideas of gain and protection आत्मवान् = established in the self. यावान् = all that अर्थः = is meant उदपाने = in a well of water सर्वतः = in all respects सम्प्लुतोदके = in a great reservoir of water तावान् = similarly सर्वेषु = in all वेदेषु = Vedic literatures ब्राह्मणस्य = of the man who knows the Supreme Brahman विजानतः = who is in complete knowledge. कर्माणि = in prescribed duties एव = certainly अधिकारः = right ते = of you मा = never फलेषु = in the fruits कदाचन = at any time मा = never कर्मफल = in the result of the work हेतुः = cause भूः = become मा = never ते = of you सङ्गः = attachment अस्तु = there should be अकर्मणि = in not doing prescribed duties. योगस्थः = equipoised कुरु = perform कर्माणि = your duties सङ्गं = attachment त्यक्त्वा = giving up धनञ्जय = O Arjuna सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योः = in success and failure समः = equipoised भूत्वा = becoming समत्वं = equanimity योगः = yoga उच्यते = is called. दूरेण = discard it at a long distance हि = certainly अवरं = abominable कर्म = activity बुद्धियोगात् = on the strength of KRiShNa consciousness धनञ्जय = O conqueror of wealth बुद्धौ = in such consciousness शरणं = full surrender अन्विच्छ = try for कृपणाः = misers फलहेतवः = those desiring fruitive results. बुद्धियुक्तः = one who is engaged in devotional service जहाति = can get rid of इह = in this life उभे = both सुकृतदुष्कृते = good and bad results तस्मात् = therefore योगाय = for the sake of devotional service युज्यस्व = be so engaged योगः = KRiShNa consciousness कर्मसु = in all activities कौशलं = art. कर्मजं = due to fruitive activities बुद्धियुक्ताः = being engaged in devotional service हि = certainly फलं = results त्यक्त्वा = giving up मनीषिणः = great sages or devotees जन्मबन्ध = from the bondage of birth and death विनिर्मुक्ताः = liberated पदं = position गच्छन्ति = they reach अनामयं = without miseries. यदा = when ते = your मोह = of illusion कलिलं = dense forest बुद्धिः = transcendental service with intelligence व्यतितरिष्यति = surpasses तदा = at that time गन्तासि = you shall go निर्वेदं = callousness श्रोतव्यस्य = toward all that is to be heard श्रुतस्य = all that is already heard च = also. श्रुति = of Vedic revelation विप्रतिपन्ना = without being influenced by the fruitive results ते = your यदा = when स्थास्यति = remains निश्चला = unmoved समाधौ = in transcendental consciousness, or KRiShNa consciousness अचला = unflinching बुद्धिः = intelligence तदा = at that time योगं = self-realization अवाप्स्यसि = you will achieve. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said स्थितप्रज्ञस्य = of one who is situated in fixed KRiShNa consciousness का = what भाषा = language समाधिस्थस्य = of one situated in trance केशव = O KRiShNa स्थितधीः = one fixed in KRiShNa consciousness किं = what प्रभाषेत = speaks किं = how आसीत = does remain still व्रजेत = walks किं = how. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said प्रजहाति = gives up यदा = when कामान् = desires for sense gratification सर्वान् = of all varieties पार्थ = O son of Pritha मनोगतान् = of mental concoction आत्मानि = in the pure state of the soul एव = certainly आत्मना = by the purified mind तुष्टः = satisfied स्थितप्रज्ञः = transcendentally situated तदा = at that time उच्यते = is said. दुःखेषु = in the threefold miseries अनुद्विग्नमनाः = without being agitated in mind सुखेषु = in happiness विगतस्पृहः = without being interested वीत = free from राग = attachment भय = fear क्रोधः = and anger स्थितधीः = whose mind is steady मुनिः = a sage उच्यते = is called. यः = one who सर्वत्र = everywhere अनभिस्नेहः = without affection तत् = that तत् = that प्राप्य = achieving शुभ = good अशुभं = evil न = never अभिनन्दती = praises न = never द्वेष्टि = envies तस्य = his प्रज्ञा = perfect knowledge प्रतिष्ठिता = fixed. यदा = when संहरते = winds up च = also अयं = he कूर्मः = tortoise अङ्गानि = limbs इव = like सर्वशः = altogether इन्द्रियाणि = senses इन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः = from the sense objects तस्य = his प्रज्ञा = consciousness प्रतिष्ठिता = fixed. विषयाः = objects for sense enjoyment विनिवर्तन्ते = are practiced to be refrained from निराहारस्य = by negative restrictions देहीनः = for the embodied रसवर्जं = giving up the taste रसः = sense of enjoyment अपि = although there is अस्य = his परं = far superior things दृष्ट्वा = by experiencing निवर्तते = he ceases from. यततः = while endeavoring हि = certainly अपि = in spite of कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti पुरुषस्य = of a man विपश्चितः = full of discriminating knowledge इन्द्रियाणि = the senses प्रमाथीनि = agitating हरन्ति = throw प्रसभं = by force मनः = the mind. तानि = those senses सर्वाणि = all संयम्य = keeping under control युक्तः = engaged आसीत = should be situated मत्परः = in relationship with Me वशे = in full subjugation हि = certainly यस्य = one whose इन्द्रियाणि = senses तस्य = his प्रज्ञा = consciousness प्रतिष्ठिता = fixed. ध्यायतः = while contemplating विषयान् = sense objects पुंसः = of a person सङ्गः = attachment तेषु = in the sense objects उपजायते = develops सङ्गात् = from attachment सञ्जायते = develops कामः = desire कामात् = from desire क्रोधः = anger अभिजायते = becomes manifest. क्रोधात् = from anger भवति = takes place सम्मोहः = perfect illusion सम्मोहात् = from illusion स्मृति = of memory विभ्रमः = bewilderment स्मृतिभ्रंशात् = after bewilderment of memory बुद्धिनाशः = loss of intelligence बुद्धिनाशात् = and from loss of intelligence प्रणश्यति = one falls down. राग = attachment द्वेष = and detachment विमुक्तैः = by one who has become free from तु = but विषयान् = sense objects इन्द्रियैः = by the senses चरन् = acting upon आत्मवश्यैः = under one's control विधेयात्मा = one who follows regulated freedom प्रसादं = the mercy of the Lord अधिगच्छति = attains. प्रसादे = on achievement of the causeless mercy of the Lord सर्व = of all दुःखानां = material miseries हानिः = destruction अस्य = his उपजायते = takes place प्रसन्नचेतसः = of the happy-minded हि = certainly आषु = very soon बुद्धिः = intelligence परि = sufficiently अवतिष्ठते = becomes established. नास्ति = there cannot be बुद्धिः = transcendental intelligence अयुक्तस्य = of one who is not connected (with KRiShNa consciousness) न = not च = and अयुक्तस्य = of one devoid of KRiShNa consciousness भावना = fixed mind (in happiness) न = not च = and अभावयतः = of one who is not fixed शान्तिः = peace अशान्तस्य = of the unpeaceful कुतः = where is सुखं = happiness. इन्द्रियाणां = of the senses हि = certainly चरतां = while roaming यत् = with which मनः = the mind अनुविधीयते = becomes constantly engaged तत् = that अस्य = his हरति = takes away प्रज्ञां = intelligence वायुः = wind नवं = a boat इव = like अम्भसि = on the water. तस्मात् = therefore यस्य = whose महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one निगृहीतानि = so curbed down सर्वशः = all around इन्द्रियाणि = the senses इन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः = from sense objects तस्य = his प्रज्ञा = intelligence प्रतिष्ठिता = fixed. या = what निशा = is night सर्व = all भूतानां = of living entities तस्यां = in that जागर्ति = is wakeful संयमी = the self-controlled यस्यां = in which जाग्रति = are awake भूतानि = all beings सा = that is निशा = night पश्यतः = for the introspective मुनेः = sage. आपुर्यमाणं = always being filled अचलप्रतिष्ठं = steadily situated समुद्रं = the ocean आपः = waters प्रविशन्ति = enter यद्वत् = as तद्वत् = so कामाः = desires यं = unto whom प्रविशन्ति = enter सर्वे = all सः = that person शान्तिं = peace आप्नोति = achieves न = not कामकामी = one who desires to fulfill desires. विहाय = giving up कामान् = material desires for sense gratification यः = who सर्वान् = all पुमान् = a person चरति = lives निःस्पृहः = desireless निर्ममः = without a sense of proprietorship निरहङ्कारः = without false ego सः = he शान्तिं = perfect peace अधिगच्छति = attains. एषा = this ब्राह्मी = spiritual स्थितिः = situation पार्थ = O son of Pritha न = never एनं = this प्राप्य = achieving विमुह्यति = one is bewildered स्थित्वा = being situated अस्यां = in this अन्तकाले = at the end of life अपि = also ब्रह्मनिर्वाणं = the spiritual kingdom of God ऋच्छति = one attains. End of 2.72

अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said ज्यायसि = better चेत् = if कर्मणः = than fruitive action ते = by You मता = is considered बुद्धिः = intelligence जनार्दन = O KRiShNa तत् = therefore किं = why कर्मणि = in action घोरे = ghastly मां = me नियोजयसि = You are engaging केशव = O KRiShNa. व्यामिश्रेण = by equivocal इव = certainly वाक्येन = words बुद्धिं = intelligence मोहयसि = You are bewildering इव = certainly मे = my तत् = therefore एकं = only one वद = please tell निश्चित्य = ascertaining येन = by which श्रेयः = real benefit अहं = I आप्नुयां = may have. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said लोके = in the world अस्मिन् = this द्विविधा = two kinds of निष्ठा = faith पुरा = formerly प्रोक्ता = were said मया = by Me अनघ = O sinless one ज्ञानयोगेन = by the linking process of knowledge साङ्ख्यानां = of the empiric philosophers कर्मयोगेण = by the linking process of devotion योगिनां = of the devotees. न = not कर्मणां = of prescribed duties अनारम्भात् = by nonperformance नैष्कर्म्यं = freedom from reaction पुरुषः = a man अश्नुते = achieves न = nor च = also संन्यासनात् = by renunciation एव = simply सिद्धिं = success समधिगच्छति = attains. न = nor हि = certainly कश्चित् = anyone क्षणं = a moment अपि = also जातु = at any time तिष्ठति = remains अकर्मकृत् = without doing something कार्यते = is forced to do हि = certainly अवशः = helplessly कर्म = work सर्वः = all प्रकृतिजैः = born of the modes of material nature गुणैः = by the qualities. कर्मेन्द्रियाणि = the five working sense organs संयम्य = controlling यः = anyone who आस्ते = remains मनसा = by the mind स्मरन् = thinking of इन्द्रियार्थान् = sense objects विमूढ = foolish आत्मा = soul मिथ्याचारः = pretender सः = he उच्यते = is called. यः = one who तु = but इन्द्रियाणि = the senses मनसा = by the mind नियम्य = regulating आरभते = begins अर्जुन = O Arjuna कर्मेन्द्रियैः = by the active sense organs कर्मयोगं = devotion असक्तः = without attachment सः = he विशिष्यते = is by far the better. नियतं = prescribed कुरु = do कर्म = duties त्वं = you कर्म = work ज्यायाः = better हि = certainly अकर्मणः = than no work शरीर = bodily यात्रा = maintenance अपि = even च = also ते = your न = never प्रसिद्ध्येत् = is effected अकर्मणः = without work. यज्ञार्थात् = done only for the sake of Yajna, or Visnu कर्मणः = than work अन्यत्र = otherwise लोकः = world अयं = this कर्मबन्धनः = bondage by work तत् = of Him अर्थं = for the sake कर्म = work कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti मुक्तसङ्गः = liberated from association समाचर = do perfectly. सह = along with यज्ञाः = sacrifices प्रजाः = generations सृष्ट्वा = creating पुरा = anciently उवाच = said प्रजापतिः = the Lord of creatures अनेन = by this प्रसविष्यध्वं = be more and more prosperous एषः = this वः = your अस्तु = let it be इष्ट = of all desirable things कामधुक् = bestower. देवान् = demigods भावयता = having pleased अनेन = by this sacrifice ते = those देवाः = demigods भावयन्तु = will please वः = you परस्परं = mutually भावयन्तः = pleasing one another श्रेयः = benediction परं = the supreme अवाप्स्यथ = you will achieve. इष्टान् = desired भोगान् = necessities of life हि = certainly वः = unto you देवाः = the demigods दास्यन्ते = will award यज्ञभाविताः = being satisfied by the performance of sacrifices तैः = by them दत्तान् = things given अप्रदाय = without offering एभ्यः = to these demigods यः = he who भुङ्क्ते = enjoys स्तेनः = thief एव = certainly सः = he. यज्ञशिष्टा = of food taken after performance of yajna आसिनः = eaters सन्तः = the devotees मुच्यन्ते = get relief सर्व = all kinds of किल्बिषैः = from sins भुञ्जते = enjoy ते = they तु = but अघं = grievous sins पापाः = sinners ये = who पचन्ति = prepare food आत्मकारणात् = for sense enjoyment. अन्नात् = from grains भवन्ति = grow भूतानि = the material bodies पर्जन्यात् = from rains अन्न = of food grains सम्भवः = production यज्ञात् = from the performance of sacrifice भवति = becomes possible पर्जन्यः = rain यज्ञः = performance of yajna कर्म = prescribed duties समुद्भवः = born of. कर्म = work ब्रह्म = from the Vedas उद्भवं = produced विद्धि = you should know ब्रह्म = the Vedas अक्षर = from the Supreme Brahman (Personality of Godhead) समुद्भवं = directly manifested तस्मात् = therefore सर्वगतं = all-pervading ब्रह्म = transcendence नित्यं = eternally यज्ञे = in sacrifice प्रतिष्ठितं = situated. एवं = thus प्रवर्तितं = established by the Vedas चक्रं = cycle न = does not अनुवर्तयति = adopt इह = in this life यः = one who अघायुः = whose life is full of sins इन्द्रियारामः = satisfied in sense gratification मोघं = uselessly पार्थ = O son of Pritha (Arjuna) सः = he जीवति = lives. यः = one who तु = but आत्मरतिः = taking pleasure in the self एव = certainly स्यात् = remains आत्मतृप्तः = self-illuminated च = and मानवः = a man आत्मनि = in himself एव = only च = and सन्तुष्टः = perfectly satiated तस्य = his कार्यं = duty न = does not विद्यते = exist. न = never एव = certainly तस्य = his कृतेन = by discharge of duty अर्थः = purpose न = nor अकृतेन = without discharge of duty इह = in this world कश्चन = whatever न = never च = and अस्य = of him सर्वभूतेषु = among all living beings कश्चित् = any अर्थ = purpose व्यपाश्रयः = taking shelter of. तस्मात् = therefore असक्तः = without attachment सततं = constantly कार्यं = as duty कर्म = work समाचर = perform असक्तः = unattached हि = certainly आचरान् = performing कर्म = work परं = the Supreme आप्नोति = achieves पूरुषः = a man. कर्मणा = by work एव = even हि = certainly संसिद्धिं = in perfection आस्थिताः = situated जनकादयाः = Janaka and other kings लोकसंग्रहं = the people in general एवापि = also सम्पश्यन् = considering कर्तुं = to act अर्हसि = you deserve. यद्यत् = whatever आचरति = he does श्रेष्ठः = a respectable leader तत् = that तत् = and that alone एव = certainly इतरः = common जनः = person सः = he यत् = whichever प्रमाणं = example कुरुते = does perform लोकाः = all the world तत् = that अनुवर्तते = follows in the footsteps. न = not मे = Mine पार्थ = O son of Pritha अस्ति = there is कर्तव्यं = prescribed duty त्रिषु = in the three लोकेषु = planetary systems किञ्चन = any न = nothing अनवाप्तं = wanted अवाप्तव्यं = to be gained वर्ते = I am engaged एव = certainly च = also कर्मणि = in prescribed duty. यदि = if हि = certainly अहं = I न = do not वर्तेयं = thus engage जातु = ever कर्मणि = in the performance of prescribed duties अतन्द्रितः = with great care मम = My वर्त्म = path अनुवर्तन्ते = would follow मनुष्याः = all men पार्थ = O son of Pritha सर्वशः = in all respects. उत्सीदेयुः = would be put into ruin इमे = all these लोकाः = worlds न = not कुर्यां = I perform कर्म = prescribed duties चेत् = if अहं = I सङ्करस्य = of unwanted population च = and कर्ता = creator स्यां = would be उपहन्यां = would destroy इमाः = all these प्रजाः = living entities. सक्ताः = being attached कर्मणि = in prescribed duties अविद्वांसः = the ignorant यथा = as much as कुर्वन्ति = they do भारत = O descendant of Bharata कुर्यात् = must do विद्वान् = the learned तथा = thus असक्तः = without attachment चिकीर्षुः = desiring to lead लोकसंग्रहं = the people in general. न = not बुद्धिभेदं = disruption of intelligence जनयेत् = he should cause अज्ञानां = of the foolish कर्मसङ्गिनां = who are attached to fruitive work जोषयेत् = he should dovetail सर्व = all कर्माणि = work विद्वान् = a learned person युक्तः = engaged समाचरन् = practicing. प्रकृतेः = of material nature क्रियमाणानि = being done गुणैः = by the modes कर्माणि = activities सर्वशः = all kinds of अहङ्कारविमूढ = bewildered by false ego आत्मा = the spirit soul कर्ता = doer अहं = I इति = thus मन्यते = he thinks. तत्त्ववित् = the knower of the Absolute Truth तु = but महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one गुणकर्म = of works under material influence विभागयोः = differences गुणाः = senses गुणेषु = in sense gratification वर्तन्ते = are being engaged इति = thus मत्वा = thinking न = never सज्जते = becomes attached. प्रकृतेः = of material nature गुण = by the modes सम्मूढाः = befooled by material identification सज्जन्ते = they become engaged गुणकर्मसु = in material activities तान् = those अकृत्स्नविदाः = persons with a poor fund of knowledge मन्दान् = lazy to understand self-realization कृत्स्नवित् = one who is in factual knowledge न = not विचालयेत् = should try to agitate. मयि = unto Me सर्वाणि = all sorts of कर्माणि = activities संन्यस्य = giving up completely अध्यात्म = with full knowledge of the self चेतसा = by consciousness निराशीः = without desire for profit निर्ममः = without ownership भूत्वा = so being युध्यस्व = fight विगतज्वरः = without being lethargic. ये = those who मे = My मतं = injunctions इदं = these नित्यं = as an eternal function अनुतिष्ठन्ति = execute regularly मानवाः = human beings श्रद्धावन्तः = with faith and devotion अनसूयन्तः = without envy मुच्यन्ते = become free ते = all of them अपि = even कर्मभिः = from the bondage of the law of fruitive actions. ये = those तु = however एतत् = this अभ्यसूयन्तः = out of envy न = do not अनुतिष्ठन्ति = regularly perform मे = My मतं = injunction सर्वज्ञान = in all sorts of knowledge विमूढान् = perfectly befooled तान् = they are विद्धि = know it well नष्टान् = all ruined अचेतसः = without KRiShNa consciousness. सदृशं = accordingly चेष्टते = tries स्वस्यः = by his own प्रकृतेः = modes of nature ज्ञानवान् = learned अपि = although प्रकृतिं = nature यान्ति = undergo भूतानी = all living entities निग्रहः = repression किं = what करिष्यति = can do. इन्द्रियस्य = of the senses इन्द्रियस्यार्थे = in the sense objects राग = attachment द्वेषौ = also detachment व्यवस्थितौ = put under regulations तयोः = of them न = never वशं = control आगच्छेत् = one should come तौ = those हि = certainly अस्य = his परिपन्थिनौ = stumbling blocks. श्रेयान् = far better स्वधर्मः = one's prescribed duties विगुणः = even faulty परधर्मात् = than duties mentioned for others स्वनुष्ठितात् = perfectly done स्वधर्मे = in one's prescribed duties निधनं = destruction श्रेयः = better परधर्मः = duties prescribed for others भयावहः = dangerous. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said अथ = then केन = by what प्रयुक्तः = impelled अयं = one पापं = sins चरति = does पूरुषः = a man अनिच्छन् = without desiring अपि = although वार्ष्णेय = O descendant of VRiShNi बलात् = by force इव = as if नियोजितः = engaged. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Personality of Godhead said कामः = lust एषः = this क्रोधः = wrath एषः = this रजोगुण = the mode of passion समुद्भवः = born of महाशनः = all-devouring महापाप्मा = greatly sinful विद्धि = know एनं = this इह = in the material world वैरिणं = greatest enemy. धूमेन = by smoke आव्रियते = is covered वह्निः = fire यथा = just as अदर्शः = mirror मलेन = by dust च = also यथा = just as उल्बेन = by the womb आवृतः = is covered गर्भः = embryo तथा = so तेन = by that lust इदं = this आवृतं = is covered. आवृतं = covered ज्ञानं = pure consciousness एतेन = by this ज्ञानिनः = of the knower नित्यवैरिण = by the eternal enemy कामरूपेण = in the form of lust कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti दुष्पूरेण = never to be satisfied अनलेन = by the fire च = also. इन्द्रियाणि = the senses मनः = the mind बुद्धिः = the intelligence अस्य = of this lust अधिष्ठानं = sitting place उच्यते = is called एतैः = by all these विमोहयति = bewilders एषः = this ज्ञानं = knowledge आवृत्य = covering देहिनं = of the embodied. तस्मात् = therefore त्वं = you इन्द्रियाणि = senses आदौ = in the beginning नियम्य = by regulating भरतर्षभ = O chief amongst the descendants of Bharata पाप्मानं = the great symbol of sin प्रजहि = curb हि = certainly एनं = this ज्ञान = of knowledge विज्ञान = and scientific knowledge of the pure soul नाशनं = the destroyer. इन्द्रियाणि = senses पराणि = superior आहुः = are said इन्द्रियेभ्यः = more than the senses परं = superior मनः = the mind मनसः = more than the mind तु = also परा = superior बुद्धिः = intelligence यः = who बुद्धेः = more than the intelligence परतः = superior तु = but सः = he. एवं = thus बुद्धेः = to intelligence परं = superior बुद्ध्वा = knowing संस्तभ्य = by steadying आत्मानं = the mind आत्मना = by deliberate intelligence जहि = conquer शत्रुं = the enemy महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one कामरूपं = in the form of lust दुरासदं = formidable. End of 3.43

श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said इमं = this विवस्वते = unto the sun-god योगं = the science of one's relationship to the Supreme प्रोक्तवान् = instructed अहं = I अव्ययं = imperishable विवस्वान् = Vivasvan (the sun-god's name) मनवे = unto the father of mankind (of the name Vaivasvata) प्राह = told मनुः = the father of mankind इक्ष्वाकवे = unto King Iksvaku अब्रवीत् = said. एवं = thus परम्परा = by disciplic succession प्राप्तं = received इमं = this science राजर्षयः = the saintly kings विदुः = understood सः = that knowledge कालेन = in the course of time इह = in this world महता = great योगः = the science of one's relationship with the Supreme नष्टः = scattered परन्तप = O Arjuna, subduer of the enemies. सः = the same एव = certainly अयं = this मया = by Me ते = unto you अद्य = today योगः = the science of yoga प्रोक्तः = spoken पुरातनः = very old भक्तः = devotee असि = you are मे = My सखा = friend च = also इति = therefore रहस्यं = mystery हि = certainly एतत् = this उत्तमं = transcendental. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said अपरं = junior भवतः = Your जन्म = birth परं = superior जन्म = birth विवस्वतः = of the sun-god कथं = how एतत् = this विजानीयं = shall I understand त्वं = You आदौ = in the beginning प्रोक्तवान् = instructed इति = thus. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Personality of Godhead said बहूनि = many मे = of Mine व्यतीतानि = have passed जन्मानि = births तव = of yours च = and also अर्जुन = O Arjuna तानि = those अहं = I वेद = do know सर्वाणि = all न = not त्वं = you वेत्थ = know परन्तप = O subduer of the enemy. अजः = unborn अपि = although सन् = being so अव्यय = without deterioration आत्मा = body भूतानां = of all those who are born ईश्वरः = the Supreme Lord अपि = although सन् = being so प्रकृतिं = in the transcendental form स्वां = of Myself अधिष्ठाय = being so situated सम्भवामि = I do incarnate आत्ममायया = by My internal energy. यदा यदा = whenever and wherever हि = certainly धर्मस्य = of religion ग्लानिः = discrepancies भवति = become manifested भारत = O descendant of Bharata अभ्युत्थानं = predominance अधर्मस्य = of irreligion तदा = at that time आत्मानं = self सृजामि = manifest अहं = I. परित्राणाय = for the deliverance साधूनां = of the devotees विनाशाय = for the annihilation च = and दुष्कृतां = of the miscreants धर्म = principles of religion संस्थापनार्थाय = to reestablish सम्भवामि = I do appear युगे = millennium युगे = after millennium. जन्म = birth कर्म = work च = also मे = of Mine दिव्यं = transcendental एवं = like this यः = anyone who वेत्ति = knows तत्त्वतः = in reality त्यक्त्वा = leaving aside देहं = this body पुनः = again जन्म = birth न = never एति = does attain मां = unto Me एति = does attain सः = he अर्जुन = O Arjuna. वीत = freed from राग = attachment भय = fear क्रोधः = and anger मन्मया = fully in Me मां = in Me उपाश्रिताः = being fully situated बहवः = many ज्ञान = of knowledge तपसा = by the penance पूताः = being purified मद्भावं = transcendental love for Me आगताः = attained. ये = all who यथा = as मां = unto Me प्रपद्यन्ते = surrender तान् = them तथा = so एव = certainly भजामि = reward अहं = I मम = My वर्त्म = path अनुवर्तन्ते = follow मनुष्याः = all men पार्थ = O son of Pritha सर्वशः = in all respects. काङ्क्षन्तः = desiring कर्मणां = of fruitive activities सिद्धिं = perfection यजन्ते = they worship by sacrifices इह = in the material world देवताः = the demigods क्षिप्रं = very quickly हि = certainly मानुषे = in human society लोके = within this world सिद्धिः = success भवति = comes कर्मजा = from fruitive work. चातुर्वर्ण्यं = the four divisions of human society मया = by Me सृष्ट्वा = created गुण = of quality कर्म = and work विभागशः = in terms of division तस्य = of that कर्तारं = the father अपि = although मां = Me विद्धि = you may know अकर्तारं = as the nondoer अव्ययं = unchangeable. न = never मां = Me कर्माणि = all kinds of work लिम्पन्ति = do affect न = nor मे = My कर्मफले = in fruitive action स्पृहा = aspiration इति = thus मां = Me यः = one who अभिजानाति = does know कर्मभिः = by the reaction of such work न = never सः = he बध्यते = becomes entangled. एवं = thus ज्ञात्वा = knowing well कृतं = was performed कर्म = work पूर्वैः = by past authorities अपि = indeed मुमुक्षुभिः = who attained liberation कुरु = just perform कर्म = prescribed duty एव = certainly तस्मात् = therefore त्वं = you पूर्वैः = by the predecessors पूर्वतरं = in ancient times कृतं = as performed. किं = what is कर्म = action किं = what is अकर्म = inaction इति = thus कवयः = the intelligent अपि = also अत्र = in this matter मोहिताः = are bewildered तत् = that ते = unto you कर्म = work प्रवक्ष्यामि = I shall explain यत् = which ज्ञात्वा = knowing मोक्ष्यसे = you will be liberated अशुभात् = from ill fortune. कर्मणः = of work हि = certainly अपि = also बोद्धव्यं = should be understood बोद्धव्यं = should be understood च = also विकर्मणः = of forbidden work अकर्मणः = of inaction च = also बोद्धव्यं = should be understood गहना = very difficult कर्मणः = of work गतिः = entrance. कर्मणि = in action अकर्म = inaction यः = one who पश्येत् = observes अकर्मणि = in inaction च = also कर्म = fruitive action यः = one who सः = he बुद्धिमान् = is intelligent मनुष्येषु = in human society सः = he युक्तः = is in the transcendental position कृत्स्नकर्मकृत् = although engaged in all activities. यस्य = one whose सर्वे = all sorts of समारम्भाः = attempts काम = based on desire for sense gratification सङ्कल्प = determination वर्जिताः = are devoid of ज्ञान = of perfect knowledge अग्नि = by the fire दग्ध = burned कर्माणां = whose work तं = him आहुः = declare पण्डितं = learned बुधाः = those who know. त्यक्त्वा = having given up कर्मफलासङ्गं = attachment for fruitive results नित्य = always तृप्तः = being satisfied निराश्रयः = without any shelter कर्मणि = in activity अभिप्रवृत्तः = being fully engaged अपि = in spite of न = does not एव = certainly किञ्चित् = anything करोति = do सः = he. निराशीः = without desire for the result यत = controlled चित्तात्मा = mind and intelligence त्यक्त = giving up सर्व = all परिग्रहः = sense of proprietorship over possessions शारीरं = in keeping body and soul together केवलं = only कर्म = work कुर्वान् = doing न = never आप्नोति = does acquire किल्बिशं = sinful reactions. यदृच्छा = out of its own accord लाभ = with gain सन्तुष्टः = satisfied द्वन्द्व = duality अतीतः = surpassed विमत्सरः = free from envy समः = steady सिद्धौ = in success असिद्धौ = failure च = also कृत्वा = doing अपि = although न = never निबध्यते = becomes affected. गतसङ्गस्य = of one unattached to the modes of material nature मुक्तस्य = of the liberated ज्ञानावस्थित = situated in transcendence चेतसः = whose wisdom यज्ञाय = for the sake of Yajna (KRiShNa) आचरतः = acting कर्म = work समग्रं = in total प्रविलीयते = merges entirely. ब्रह्म = spiritual in nature अर्पणं = contribution ब्रह्म = the Supreme हविः = butter ब्रह्म = spiritual अग्नौ = in the fire of consummation ब्रह्मणा = by the spirit soul हुतं = offered ब्रह्म = spiritual kingdom एव = certainly तेन = by him गन्तव्यं = to be reached ब्रह्म = spiritual कर्म = in activities समाधिना = by complete absorption. दैवं = in worshiping the demigods एव = like this अपरे = some others यज्ञं = sacrifices योगिनः = mystics पर्युपासते = worship perfectly ब्रह्म = of the Absolute Truth अग्नौ = in the fire अपरे = others यज्ञं = sacrifice यज्ञेन = by sacrifice एव = thus उपजुह्वति = offer. श्रोत्रादीनि = such as the hearing process इन्द्रियाणि = senses अन्ये = others संयम = of restraint अग्निषु = in the fires जुह्वति = offer शब्दादिन् = sound vibration, etc. विषयान् = objects of sense gratification अन्ये = others इन्द्रिय = of the sense organs अग्निषु = in the fires जुह्वति = they sacrifice. सर्वाणि = of all इन्द्रिय = the senses कर्माणि = functions प्राणकर्माणि = functions of the life breath च = also अपरे = others आत्मसंयम = of controlling the mind योग = the linking process अग्नौ = in the fire of जुह्वति = offer ज्ञानदीपिते = because of the urge for self-realization. द्रव्ययज्ञाः = sacrificing one's possessions तपोयज्ञाः = sacrifice in austerities योगयज्ञाः = sacrifice in eightfold mysticism तथा = thus अपरे = others स्वाध्याय = sacrifice in the study of the Vedas ज्ञानयज्ञाः = sacrifice in advancement of transcendental knowledge च = also यतयः = enlightened persons संशितव्रताः = taken to strict vows. अपाने = in the air which acts downward जुह्वति = offer प्राणं = the air which acts outward प्राणे = in the air going outward अपानं = the air going downward तथा = as also अपरे = others प्राण = of the air going outward अपान = and the air going downward गति = the movement रुद्ध्वा = checking प्राणायाम = trance induced by stopping all breathing परायणाः = so inclined अपरे = others नियत = having controlled आहाराः = eating प्राणान् = the outgoing air प्राणेषु = in the outgoing air जुह्वति = sacrifice. सर्वे = all अपि = although apparently different एते = these यज्ञविदः = conversant with the purpose of performing sacrifices यज्ञक्षपित = being cleansed as the result of such performances कल्मषाः = of sinful reactions यज्ञशिष्ट = of the result of such performances of yajna अमृतभुजः = those who have tasted such nectar यान्ति = do approach ब्रह्म = the supreme सनातनं = eternal atmosphere. न = never अयं = this लोकाः = planet अस्ति = there is अयज्ञस्य = for one who performs no sacrifice कुतः = where is अन्यः = the other कुरुसत्तम = O best amongst the Kurus. एवं = thus बहुविधाः = various kinds of यज्ञाः = sacrifices विततः = are spread ब्रह्मणः = of the Vedas मुखे = through the mouth कर्मजान् = born of work विद्धि = you should know तान् = them सर्वान् = all एवं = thus ज्ञात्वा = knowing विमोक्ष्यसे = you will be liberated. श्रेयान् = greater द्रव्यमयात् = of material possessions यज्ञात् = than the sacrifice ज्ञानयज्ञः = sacrifice in knowledge परन्तप = O chastiser of the enemy सर्वं = all कर्म = activities अखिलं = in totality पार्थ = O son of Pritha ज्ञाने = in knowledge परिसमप्यते = end. तत् = that knowledge of different sacrifices विद्धि = try to understand प्रणिपातेन = by approaching a spiritual master परिप्रश्नेन = by submissive inquiries सेवया = by the rendering of service उपदेक्ष्यन्ति = they will initiate ते = you ज्ञानं = into knowledge ज्ञानिनः = the self-realized तत्त्व = of the truth दर्शिनः = seers. यत् = which ज्ञात्वा = knowing न = never पुनः = again मोहं = to illusion एवं = like this यास्यसि = you shall go पाण्डव = O son of Pandu येन = by which भूतानि = living entities अशेषाणि = all द्रक्ष्यसि = you will see आत्मनि = in the Supreme Soul अथौ = or in other words मयि = in Me. अपि = even चेत् = if असि = you are पापेभ्यः = of sinners सर्वेभ्यः = of all पापकृत्तमः = the greatest sinner सर्वं = all such sinful reactions ज्ञानप्लवेन = by the boat of transcendental knowledge एव = certainly वृजनं = the ocean of miseries सन्तरिष्यसि = you will cross completely. यथा = just as एधांसि = firewood समिद्धः = blazing अग्निः = fire भस्मसात् = ashes कुरुते = turns अर्जुन = O Arjuna ज्ञानाग्निः = the fire of knowledge सर्वकर्माणि = all reactions to material activities भस्मसात् = to ashes कुरुते = it turns तथा = similarly. न = notHing हि = certainly ज्ञानेन = with knowledge सदृशं = in comparison पवित्रं = sanctified इह = in this world विद्यते = exists तत् = that स्वयं = himself योग = in devotion संसिद्धः = he who is mature कालेन = in course of time आत्मनि = in himself विन्दति = enjoys. श्रद्धावान् = a faithful man लभते = achieves ज्ञानं = knowledge तत्परः = very much attached to it संयत = controlled इन्द्रियः = senses ज्ञानं = knowledge लब्ध्वा = having achieved परां = transcendental शान्तिं = peace अचिरेण = very soon अधिगच्छति = attains. अज्ञः = a fool who has no knowledge in standard scriptures च = and अश्रद्दधानः = without faith in revealed scriptures च = also संशय = of doubts आत्मा = a person विनश्यति = falls back न = never अयं = in this लोकः = world अस्ति = there is न = nor परः = in the next life न = not सुखं = happiness संशय = doubtful आत्मनः = of the person. योग = by devotional service in karma-yoga संन्यस्त = one who has renounced कर्माणं = the fruits of actions ज्ञान = by knowledge सञ्छिन्न = cut संशयं = doubts आत्मवन्तं = situated in the self न = never कर्माणि = works निबध्नन्ति = do bind धनञ्जय = O conqueror of riches. तस्मात् = therefore अज्ञानसम्भूतं = born of ignorance हृत्स्थं = situated in the heart ज्ञान = of knowledge आसिन = by the weapon आत्मनः = of the self छित्त्वा = cutting off एनं = this संशयं = doubt योगं = in yoga आतिष्ठ = be situated उत्तिष्ठ = stand up to fight भारत = O descendant of Bharata. End of 4.42

अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said संन्यासं = renunciation कर्मणां = of all activities कृष्ण = O KRiShNa पुनः = again योगं = devotional service च = also शंससि = You are praising यत् = which श्रेयः = is more beneficial एतयोः = of these two एकं = one तत् = that मे = unto me ब्रूहि = please tell सुनिश्चितं = definitely. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Personality of Godhead said संन्यासः = renunciation of work कर्मयोगः = work in devotion च = also निःश्रेयसकरौ = leading to the path of liberation उभौ = both तयोः = of the two तु = but कर्मसंन्यासात् = in comparison to the renunciation of fruitive work कर्मयोगः = work in devotion विशिष्यते = is better. ज्ञेयः = should be known सः = he नित्य = always संन्यासी = renouncer यः = who न = never द्वेष्टि = abhors न = nor काङ्क्षति = desires निर्द्वन्द्वः = free from all dualities हि = certainly महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one सुखं = happily बन्धात् = from bondage प्रमुच्यते = is completely liberated. साङ्ख्य = analytical study of the material world योगौ = work in devotional service पृथक् = different बालाः = the less intelligent प्रवदन्ति = say न = never पण्डिताः = the learned एकं = in one अपि = even आस्थितः = being situated सम्यक् = complete उभयोः = of both विन्दते = enjoys फलं = the result. यत् = what साङ्ख्यैः = by means of Sankhya philosophy प्राप्यते = is achieved स्थानं = place तत् = that योगैः = by devotional service अपि = also गम्यते = one can attain एकं = one साङ्ख्यं = analytical study च = and योगं = action in devotion च = and यः = one who पश्यति = sees सः = he पश्यति = actually sees. संन्यासः = the renounced order of life तु = but महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one दुःखं = distress आप्तुं = afflicts one with अयोगतः = without devotional service योगयुक्तः = one engaged in devotional service मुनिः = a thinker ब्रह्म = the Supreme न चिरेण = without delay अधिगच्छति = attains. योगयुक्तः = engaged in devotional service विशुद्धात्मा = a purified soul विजितात्मा = self-controlled जितेन्द्रियः = having conquered the senses सर्वभूत = to all living entities आत्मभूतात्मा = compassionate कुर्वन्नपि = although engaged in work न = never लिप्यते = is entangled. न = never एव = certainly किञ्चित् = anything करोमि = I do इति = thus युक्तः = engaged in the divine consciousness मन्येत = thinks तत्त्ववित् = one who knows the truth पश्यन् = seeing श‍ृण्वन् = hearing स्पृशन् = touching जिघ्रन् = smelling अश्नन् = eating गच्छन् = going स्वपन् = dreaming श्वसन् = breathing प्रलपन् = talking विसृजन् = giving up गृह्णन् = accepting उन्मिषन् = opening निमिषन् = closing अपि = in spite of इन्द्रियाणि = the senses इन्द्रियार्थेषु = in sense gratification वर्तन्ते = let them be so engaged इति = thus धारयन् = considering. ब्रह्मणि = unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead आधाय = resigning कर्माणि = all works सङ्गं = attachment त्यक्त्वा = giving up करोति = performs यः = who लिप्यते = is affected न = never सः = he पापेन = by sin पद्मपत्रं = a lotus leaf इव = like अम्भसा = by the water. कायेन = with the body मनसा = with the mind बुद्ध्या = with the intelligence केवलैः = purified इन्द्रियैः = with the senses अपि = even योगिनः = KRiShNa conscious persons कर्म = actions कुर्वन्ति = they perform सङ्गं = attachment त्यक्त्वा = giving up आत्म = of the self शुद्धये = for the purpose of purification. युक्तः = one who is engaged in devotional service कर्मफलं = the results of all activities त्यक्त्वा = giving up शन्तिं = perfect peace आप्नोति = achieves नैष्ठिकीं = unflinching अयुक्तः = one who is not in KRiShNa consciousness कामकारेण = for enjoying the result of work फले = in the result सक्ताः = attached निबध्यते = becomes entangled. सर्व = all कर्माणि = activities मनसा = by the mind संन्यस्य = giving up आस्ते = remains सुखं = in happiness वशी = one who is controlled नवद्वारे = in the place where there are nine gates पुरे = in the city देही = the embodied soul न = never एव = certainly कुर्वन् = doing anything न = not कारयन् = causing to be done. न = never कर्तृत्वं = proprietorship न = nor कर्माणि = activities लोकस्य = of the people सृजति = creates प्रभुः = the master of the city of the body न = nor कर्मफल = with the results of activities संयोगं = connection स्वभावः = the modes of material nature तु = but प्रवर्तते = act. न = never आदत्ते = accepts कस्यचित् = anyone's पापं = sin न = nor च = also एव = certainly सुकृतं = pious activities विभुः = the Supreme Lord अज्ञानेन = by ignorance आवृतं = covered ज्ञानं = knowledge तेन = by that मुह्यन्ति = are bewildered जन्तवः = the living entities. ज्ञानेन = by knowledge तु = but तत् = that अज्ञानं = nescience येषां = whose नाशितं = is destroyed आत्मनः = of the living entity तेषां = their आदित्यवत् = like the rising sun ज्ञानं = knowledge प्रकाशयति = discloses तत्परं = KRiShNa consciousness. तत्बुद्धयः = those whose intelligence is always in the Supreme तदात्मानः = those whose minds are always in the Supreme तन्निष्ठाः = those whose faith is only meant for the Supreme तत्परायणः = who have completely taken shelter of Him गच्छन्ति = go अपुनरावृत्तिं = to liberation ज्ञान = by knowledge निर्धूत = cleansed कल्मषाः = misgivings. विद्या = with education विनय = and gentleness सम्पन्ने = fully equipped ब्राह्मणे = in the brahmana गवि = in the cow हस्तिनि = in the elephant शुनि = in the dog च = and एव = certainly श्वपाके = in the dog-eater (the outcaste) च = respectively पण्डिताः = those who are wise समदर्शिनः = who see with equal vision. इह = in this life एव = certainly तैः = by them जितः = conquered सर्गः = birth and death येषां = whose साम्ये = in equanimity स्थितं = situated मनः = mind निर्दोषं = flawless हि = certainly समं = in equanimity ब्रह्म = like the Supreme तस्मात् = therefore ब्रह्मणि = in the Supreme ते = they स्थिताः = are situated. न = never प्रहृष्येत् = rejoices प्रियं = the pleasant प्राप्य = achieving न = does not उद्विजेत् = become agitated प्राप्य = obtaining च = also अप्रियं = the unpleasant स्थिरबुद्धिः = self-intelligent असम्मूढाः = unbewildered ब्रह्मवित् = one who knows the Supreme perfectly ब्रह्मणि = in the transcendence स्थितः = situated. बाह्यस्पर्शेषु = in external sense pleasure असक्तात्मा = one who is not attached विन्दति = enjoys आत्मनि = in the self यत् = that which सुखं = happiness सः = he ब्रह्मयोग = by concentration in Brahman युक्तात्मा = self-connected सुखं = happiness अक्षयं = unlimited अश्नुते = enjoys. ये = those हि = certainly संस्पर्शजाः = by contact with the material senses भोगाः = enjoyments दुःख = distress योनयः = sources of एव = certainly ते = they are आदि = beginning अन्त = end वन्तः = subject to कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti न = never तेषु = in those रमते = takes delight बुधः = the intelligent person. शक्नोति = is able इहैव = in the present body यः = one who सोढुं = to tolerate प्राक् = before शरीर = the body विमोक्षणात् = giving up काम = desire क्रोध = and anger उद्भवं = generated from वेगं = urges सः = he युक्तः = in trance सः = he सुखी = happy नरः = human being. यः = one who अन्तर्सुखः = happy from within अन्तरारामः = actively enjoying within तथा = as well as अन्तर्ज्योतिः = aiming within एव = certainly यः = anyone सः = he योगी = a mystic ब्रह्मनिर्वाणं = liberation in the Supreme ब्रह्मभूतः = being self-realized अधिगच्छति = attains. लभन्ते = achieve ब्रह्मनिर्वाणं = liberation in the Supreme ऋषयः = those who are active within क्षीणकल्मषाः = who are devoid of all sins छिन्न = having torn off द्वैधाः = duality यतात्मनाः = engaged in self-realization सर्वभूत = for all living entities हिते = in welfare work रताः = engaged. काम = from desires क्रोध = and anger विमुक्तानां = of those who are liberated यतीनां = of the saintly persons यतचेतसां = who have full control over the mind अभितः = assured in the near future ब्रह्मनिर्वाणं = liberation in the Supreme वर्तते = is there विदितात्मनां = of those who are self-realized. स्पर्शान् = sense objects, such as sound कृत्वा = keeping बहिः = external बाह्यान् = unnecessary चक्षुः = eyes च = also एव = certainly अन्तरे = between भ्रुवोः = the eyebrows प्राणापानौ = up-and down-moving air समौ = in suspension कृत्वा = keeping नासाभ्यन्तर = within the nostrils चारिणौ = blowing यत = controlled इन्द्रिय = senses मनः = mind बुद्धिः = intelligence मुनिः = the transcendentalist मोक्ष = for liberation परायणः = being so destined विगत = having discarded इच्छा = wishes भय = fear क्रोधः = anger यः = one who सदा = always मुक्तः = liberated एव = certainly सः = he is. भोक्तारं = the beneficiary यज्ञ = of sacrifices तपसां = and penances and austerities सर्वलोक = of all planets and the demigods thereof महेश्वरं = the Supreme Lord सुहृदं = the benefactor सर्व = of all भूतानां = the living entities ज्ञात्वा = thus knowing मां = Me (Lord KRiShNa) शान्तिं = relief from material pangs ऋच्छति = one achieves. End of 5.29

श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Lord said अनाश्रितः = without taking shelter कर्मफलं = of the result of work कार्यं = obligatory कर्म = work करोति = performs यः = one who सः = he संन्यासी = in the renounced order च = also योगी = mystic च = also न = not निः = without अग्निः = fire न = nor च = also अक्रियाः = without duty. यं = what संन्यासं = renunciation इति = thus प्राहुः = they say योगं = linking with the Supreme तं = that विद्धि = you must know पाण्डव = O son of Pandu न = never हि = certainly असंन्यस्त = without giving up सङ्कल्पः = desire for self-satisfaction योगी = a mystic transcendentalist भवति = becomes कश्चन = anyone. आरुरुक्षोः = who has just begun yoga मुनेः = of the sage योगं = the eightfold yoga system कर्म = work कारणं = the means उच्यते = is said to be योग = eightfold yoga आरूढस्य = of one who has attained तस्य = his एव = certainly शमः = cessation of all material activities करणं = the means उच्यते = is said to be. यदा = when हि = certainly न = not इन्द्रियार्थेषु = in sense gratification न = never कर्मसु = in fruitive activities अनुषज्जते = one necessarily engages सर्वसङ्कल्प = of all material desires संन्यासी = renouncer योगारूढः = elevated in yoga तदा = at that time उच्यते = is said to be. उद्धरेत् = one must deliver आत्मना = by the mind आत्मानं = the conditioned soul न = never आत्मानं = the conditioned soul अवसादयेत् = put into degradation आत्मा = mind एव = certainly हि = indeed आत्मनः = of the conditioned soul बन्धुः = friend आत्मा = mind एव = certainly रिपुः = enemy आत्मनः = of the conditioned soul. बन्धुः = friend आत्मा = the mind आत्मनः = of the living entity तस्य = of him येन = by whom आत्मा = the mind एव = certainly आत्मना = by the living entity जितः = conquered अनात्मनः = of one who has failed to control the mind तु = but शत्रुत्वे = because of enmity वर्तेत = remains आत्मैव = the very mind शत्रुवत् = as an enemy. जितात्मनः = of one who has conquered his mind प्रशान्तस्य = who has attained tranquillity by such control over the mind परमात्मा = the Supersoul समाहितः = approached completely शीत = in cold उष्ण = heat सुख = happiness दुःखेषु = and distress तथा = also मान = in honor अपमानयोः = and dishonor. ज्ञान = by acquired knowledge विज्ञान = and realized knowledge तृप्त = satisfied आत्मा = a living entity कूटस्थः = spiritually situated विजितेन्द्रियः = sensually controlled युक्तः = competent for self-realization इति = thus उच्यते = is said योगी = a mystic सम = equipoised लोष्ट्र = pebbles अश्म = stone काञ्चनः = gold. सुहृत् = to well-wishers by nature मित्र = benefactors with affection अरि = enemies उदासीन = neutrals between belligerents मध्यस्थ = mediators between belligerents द्वेष्य = the envious बन्धुषु = and the relatives or well-wishers साधुषु = unto the pious अपि = as well as च = and पापेषु = unto the sinners समबुद्धिः = having equal intelligence विशिष्यते = is far advanced. योगी = a transcendentalist युञ्जीत = must concentrate in KRiShNa consciousness सततं = constantly आत्मानं = himself (by body, mind and self) रहसि = in a secluded place स्थितः = being situated एकाकी = alone यतचित्तात्मा = always careful in mind निराशीः = without being attracted by anything else अपरिग्रहः = free from the feeling of possessiveness. शुचौ = in a sanctified देशे = land प्रतिष्ठाप्य = placing स्थिरं = firm आसनं = seat आत्मनः = his own न = not अति = too उच्छ्रितं = high न = nor अति = too नीचं = low चैलाजिन = of soft cloth and deerskin कुश = and kusa grass उत्तरं = covering तत्र = thereupon एकाग्रं = with one attention मनः = mind कृत्वा = making यतचित्त = controlling the mind इन्द्रिय = senses क्रियः = and activities उपविश्य = sitting आसने = on the seat युञ्ज्यात् = should execute योगं = yoga practice आत्मा = the heart विशुद्धये = for clarifying. समं = straight काय = body शिरः = head ग्रीवं = neck धारयन् = holding अचलं = unmoving स्थिरः = still सम्प्रेक्ष्य = looking नासिका = of the nose अग्रं = at the tip स्वं = own दिशः = on all sides च = also अनवलोकयान् = not looking प्रशान्त = unagitated आत्मा = mind विगतभीः = devoid of fear ब्रह्मचारिव्रते = in the vow of celibacy स्थितः = situated मनः = mind संयम्य = completely subduing मत् = upon Me (KRiShNa) चित्तः = concentrating the mind युक्तः = the actual yogi आसीत = should sit मत् = Me परः = the ultimate goal. युञ्जन् = practicing एवं = as mentioned above सदा = constantly आत्मानं = body, mind and soul योगी = the mystic transcendentalist नियतमनसः = with a regulated mind शान्तिं = peace निर्वाणपरमां = cessation of material existence मत्संस्थां = the spiritual sky (the kingdom of God) अधिगच्छति = does attain. न = never अति = too much अश्नतः = of one who eats तु = but योगः = linking with the Supreme अस्ति = there is न = nor च = also एकान्तं = overly अनश्नतः = abstaining from eating न = nor च = also अति = too much स्वप्नशीलस्य = of one who sleeps जग्रतः = or one who keeps night watch too much न = not एव = ever च = and अर्जुन = O Arjuna. युक्त = regulated आहार = eating विहारस्य = recreation युक्त = regulated चेष्टस्य = of one who works for maintenance कर्मसु = in discharging duties युक्त = regulated स्वप्नावबोधस्य = sleep and wakefulness योगः = practice of yoga भवति = becomes दुःखहा = diminishing pains. यदा = when विनियतं = particularly disciplined चित्तं = the mind and its activities आत्मनि = in the transcendence एव = certainly अवतिष्ठते = becomes situated निस्पृहः = devoid of desire सर्व = for all kinds of कामेभ्यः = material sense gratification युक्तः = well situated in yoga इति = thus उच्यते = is said to be तदा = at that time. यथा = as दीपः = a lamp निवातस्थः = in a place without wind न = does not इङ्गते = waver सा = this उपमा = comparison स्मृता = is considered योगिनः = of the yogi यतचित्तस्य = whose mind is controlled युञ्जतः = constantly engaged योगं = in meditation आत्मनः = on transcendence. यत्र = in that state of affairs where उपरमते = cease (because one feels transcendental happiness) चित्तं = mental activities निरुद्धं = being restrained from matter योगसेवया = by performance of yoga यत्र = in which च = also एव = certainly आत्मना = by the pure mind आत्मानं = the self पश्यन् = realizing the position of आत्मनि = in the self तुष्यति = one becomes satisfied सुखं = happiness आत्यन्तिकं = supreme यत् = which तत् = that बुद्धि = by intelligence ग्राह्यं = accessible अतीन्द्रियं = transcendental वेत्ति = one knows यत्र = wherein न = never च = also एव = certainly अयं = he स्थितः = situated चलति = moves तत्त्वतः = from the truth यं = that which लब्ध्वा = by attainment च = also अपरं = any other लाभं = gain मन्यते = considers न = never अधिकं = more ततः = than that यस्मिन् = in which स्थितः = being situated न = never दुःखेन = by miseries गुरुणापि = even though very difficult विचाल्यते = becomes shaken तं = that विद्यात् = you must know दुःखसंयोग = of the miseries of material contact वियोगं = extermination योगसंज्ञितं = called trance in yoga. सः = that निश्चयेन = with firm determination योक्तव्यः = must be practiced योगः = yoga system अनिर्विण्णचेतस = without deviation सङ्कल्प = mental speculations प्रभवान् = born of कामान् = material desires त्यक्त्वा = giving up सर्वान् = all अशेषतः = completely मनसा = by the mind एव = certainly इन्द्रियग्रामं = the full set of senses विनियम्य = regulating समन्ततः = from all sides. शनैः = gradually शनैः = step by step उपरमेत् = one should hold back बुद्ध्या = by intelligence धृतिगृहीतया = carried by conviction आत्मसंस्थं = placed in transcendence मनः = mind कृत्वा = making न = not किञ्चित् = anything else अपि = even चिन्तयेत् = should think of. यतस्यतः = wherever निश्चलति = becomes verily agitated मनः = the mind चञ्चलं = flickering अस्थिरं = unsteady ततस्ततः = from there नियम्य = regulating एतत् = this आत्मनि = in the self एव = certainly वशं = control नयेत् = must bring under. प्रशान्त = peaceful, fixed on the lotus feet of KRiShNa मनसं = whose mind हि = certainly एनं = this योगिनं = yogi सुखं = happiness उत्तमं = the highest उपैति = attains शान्तरजसं = his passion pacified ब्रह्मभूतं = liberation by identification with the Absolute अकल्मषं = freed from all past sinful reactions. युञ्जन् = engaging in yoga practice एवं = thus सदा = always आत्मानं = the self योगी = one who is in touch with the Supreme Self विगत = freed from कल्मषः = all material contamination सुखेन = in transcendental happiness ब्रह्मसंस्पर्शं = being in constant touch with the Supreme अत्यन्तं = the highest सुखं = happiness अश्नुते = attains. सर्वभूतस्थं = situated in all beings आत्मानं = the Supersoul सर्व = all भूतानी = entities च = also आत्मनि = in the self ईक्षते = does see योगयुक्तात्मा = one who is dovetailed in KRiShNa consciousness सर्वत्र = everywhere समदर्शनः = seeing equally. यः = whoever मां = Me पश्यति = sees सर्वत्र = everywhere सर्वं = everything च = and मयि = in Me पश्यति = sees तस्य = for him अहं = I न = not प्रणश्यामि = am lost सः = he च = also मे = to Me न = nor प्रणश्यति = is lost. सर्वभूतस्थितं = situated in everyone's heart यः = he who मां = Me भजति = serves in devotional service एकत्वं = in oneness आस्थितः = situated सर्वथा = in all respects वर्तमानः = being situated अपि = in spite of सः = he योगी = the transcendentalist मयि = in Me वर्तते = remains. आत्मा = with his self औपम्येन = by comparison सर्वत्र = everywhere समं = equally पश्यति = sees यः = he who अर्जुन = O Arjuna सुखं = happiness वा = or यदि = if वा = or दुःखं = distress सः = such योगी = a transcendentalist परमः = perfect मतः = is considered. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said योऽयं = this system योगः = mysticism त्वया = by You प्रोक्तः = described साम्येन = generally मधुसूदन = O killer of the demon Madhu एतस्य = of this अहं = I न = do not पश्यामि = see चञ्चलत्वात् = due to being restless स्थितिं = situation स्थिरां = stable. चञ्चलं = flickering हि = certainly मनः = mind कृष्ण = O KRiShNa प्रमाथि = agitating बलवत् = strong दृढं = obstinate तस्य = its अहं = I निग्रहं = subduing मन्ये = think वायोः = of the wind इव = like सुदुष्करं = difficult. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Personality of Godhead said असंशयं = undoubtedly महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one मनः = the mind दुर्निग्रहं = difficult to curb चलं = flickering अभ्यासेन = by practice तु = but कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti वैराग्येण = by detachment च = also गृह्यते = can be so controlled. असंयता = unbridled आत्मना = by the mind योगः = self-realization दुष्प्रापः = difficult to obtain इति = thus मे = My मतिः = opinion वश्य = controlled आत्मना = by the mind तु = but यतता = while endeavoring शक्यः = practical अवाप्तुं = to achieve उपायतः = by appropriate means. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said अयतिः = the unsuccessful transcendentalist श्रद्धया = with faith उपेतः = engaged योगात् = from the mystic link चलित = deviated मानसः = who has such a mind अप्राप्य = failing to attain योगसंसिद्धिं = the highest perfection in mysticism कां = which गतिं = destination कृष्ण = O KRiShNa गच्छति = achieves. कच्चित् = whether न = not उभय = both विभ्रष्टः = deviated from छिन्न = torn अभ्रं = cloud इव = like नश्यति = perishes अप्रतिष्ठः = without any position महाबाहो = O mighty-armed KRiShNa विमूढः = bewildered ब्रह्मणः = of transcendence पथि = on the path. एतत् = this is मे = my संशयं = doubt कृष्ण = O KRiShNa छेत्तुं = to dispel अर्हसि = You are requested अशेषतः = completely त्वत् = than You अन्यः = other संशयस्य = of the doubt अस्य = this छेत्ता = remover न = never हि = certainly उपपद्यते = is to be found. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said पार्थ = O son of Pritha नैव = never is it so इह = in this material world न = never अमुत्र = in the next life विनाशः = destruction तस्य = his विद्यते = exists न = never हि = certainly कल्याणकृत् = one who is engaged in auspicious activities कश्चित् = anyone दुर्गतिं = to degradation तात = My friend गच्छति = goes. प्राप्य = after achieving पुण्यकृतं = of those who performed pious activities लोकान् = planets उषित्वा = after dwelling शाश्वतीः = many समाः = years शुचीनां = of the pious श्रीमतं = of the prosperous गेहे = in the house योगभ्रष्टः = one who has fallen from the path of self-realization अभिजायते = takes his birth. अथवा = or योगिनां = of learned transcendentalists एव = certainly कुले = in the family भवति = takes birth धीमतां = of those who are endowed with great wisdom एतत् = this हि = certainly दुर्लभतरं = very rare लोके = in this world जन्म = birth यत् = that which ईदृषं = like this. तत्र = thereupon तं = that बुद्धिसंयोगं = revival of consciousness लभते = gains पौर्वदेहिकं = from the previous body यतते = he endeavors च = also ततः = thereafter भूयः = again संसिद्धौ = for perfection कुरुनन्दन = O son of Kuru. पूर्व = previous अभ्यासेन = by practice तेन = by that एव = certainly ह्रियते = is attracted हि = surely अवशः = automatically अपि = also सः = he जिज्ञासुः = inquisitive अपि = even योगस्य = about yoga शब्दब्रह्म = ritualistic principles of scriptures अतिवर्तते = transcends. प्रयत्नात् = by rigid practice यतमानः = endeavoring तु = and योगी = such a transcendentalist संशुद्ध = washed off किल्बिषः = all of whose sins अनेक = after many, many जन्म = births संसिद्धः = having achieved perfection ततः = thereafter याति = attains परां = the highest गतिं = destination. तपस्विभ्यः = than the ascetics अधिकः = greater योगी = the yogi ज्ञानिभ्यः = than the wise अपि = also मतः = considered अधिकः = greater कर्मिभ्यः = than the fruitive workers च = also अधिकः = greater योगी = the yogi तस्मात् = therefore योगी = a transcendentalist भव = just become अर्जुन = O Arjuna. योगिनां = of yogis अपि = also सर्वेषां = all types of मद्गतेन = abiding in Me, always thinking of Me अन्तरात्मना = within himself श्रद्धावान् = in full faith भजते = renders transcendental loving service यः = one who मां = to Me (the Supreme Lord) सः = he मे = by Me युक्ततमः = the greatest yogi मतः = is considered. End of 6.47

श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Lord said मयि = to Me आसक्तमनाः = mind attached पार्थ = O son of Pritha योगं = self-realization युञ्जन् = practicing मदाश्रयः = in consciousness of Me (KRiShNa consciousness) असंशयं = without doubt समग्रं = completely मां = Me यथा = how ज्ञास्यसि = you can know तत् = that श‍ृणु = try to hear. ज्ञानं = phenomenal knowledge ते = unto you अहं = I स = with विज्ञानं = numinous knowledge इदं = this वक्ष्यामि = shall explain अशेषतः = in full यत् = which ज्ञात्वा = knowing न = not इह = in this world भूयः = further अन्यत् = anything more ज्ञातव्यं = knowable अवशिष्यते = remains. मनुष्याणां = of men सहस्रेषु = out of many thousands कश्चित् = someone यतति = endeavors सिद्धये = for perfection यततां = of those so endeavoring अपि = indeed सिद्धानां = of those who have achieved perfection कश्चित् = someone मां = Me वेत्ति = does know तत्त्वतः = in fact. भूमिः = earth आपः = water अनलः = fire वायुः = air खं = ether मनः = mind बुद्धिः = intelligence एव = certainly च = and अहङ्कारः = false ego इति = thus इयं = all these मे = My भिन्ना = separated प्रकृतिः = energies अष्टधा = eightfold. अपरा = inferior इयं = this इतः = besides this तु = but अन्यां = another प्रकृतिं = energy विद्धि = just try to understand मे = My परं = superior जिवभूतां = comprising the living entities महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one यया = by whom इदं = this धार्यते = is utilized or exploited जगत् = the material world. एतत् = these two natures योनीनि = whose source of birth भूतानि = everything created सर्वाणि = all इति = thus उपधारय = know अहं = I कृत्स्नस्य = all-inclusive जगतः = of the world प्रभवः = the source of manifestation प्रलयः = annihilation तथा = as well as. मत्तः = beyond Me परतरं = superior न = not अन्यत् किञ्चित् = anything else अस्ति = there is धनञ्जय = O conqueror of wealth मयि = in Me सर्वं = all that be इदं = which we see प्रोतं = is strung सूत्रे = on a thread मणिगणाः = pearls इव = like. रसः = taste अहं = I अप्सु = in water कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti प्रभा = the light अस्मि = I am शशिसूर्ययोः = of the moon and the sun प्रणवः = the three letters a-u-m सर्व = in all वेदेषु = the Vedas शब्दः = sound vibration खे = in the ether पौरुषं = ability नृषु = in men. पुण्यः = original गन्धः = fragrance पृथिव्यां = in the earth च = also तेजः = heat च = also अस्मि = I am विभावसौ = in the fire जीवनं = life सर्व = in all भूतेषु = living entities तपः = penance च = also अस्मि = I am तपस्विषु = in those who practice penance. बीजं = the seed मां = Me सर्वभूतानां = of all living entities विद्धि = try to understand पार्थ = O son of Pritha सनातनं = original, eternal बुद्धिः = intelligence बुद्धिमतां = of the intelligent अस्मि = I am तेजः = prowess तेजस्विनां = of the powerful अहं = I am. बलं = strength बलवतां = of the strong च = and अहं = I am काम = passion राग = and attachment विवर्जितं = devoid of धर्माविरुद्धः = not against religious principles भूतेषु = in all beings कामः = sex life अस्मि = I am भरतर्षभ = O lord of the Bharatas. ये = all which च = and एव = certainly सात्त्विकाः = in goodness भावः = states of being राजसः = in the mode of passion तामसाः = in the mode of ignorance च = also ये = all which मत्तः = from Me एव = certainly इति = thus तान् = those विद्धि = try to know न = not तु = but अहं = I तेषु = in them ते = they मयि = in Me. त्रिभिः = three गुणमयैः = consisting of the gunas भावैः = by the states of being एभिः = all these सर्वं = whole इदं = this जगत् = universe मोहितं = deluded नाभिजानाति = does not know मां = Me एभ्यः = above these परं = the Supreme अव्ययं = inexhaustible. दैवी = transcendental हि = certainly एषा = this गुणमयी = consisting of the three modes of material nature मम = My माया = energy दुरत्यया = very difficult to overcome मां = unto Me एव = certainly ये = those who प्रपद्यन्ते = surrender मायामेतां = this illusory energy तरन्ति = overcome ते = they. न = not मां = unto Me दुष्कृतिनः = miscreants मूढः = foolish प्रपद्यन्ते = surrender नराधमाः = lowest among mankind मायया = by the illusory energy अपहृत = stolen ज्ञानः = whose knowledge आसुरं = demonic भावं = nature आश्रिताः = accepting. चतुर्विधाः = four kinds of भजन्ते = render services मां = unto Me जनाः = persons सुकृतिनः = those who are pious अर्जुन = O Arjuna आर्तः = the distressed जिज्ञासुः = the inquisitive अर्थार्थी = one who desires material gain ज्ञानी = one who knows things as they are च = also भरतर्षभ = O great one amongst the descendants of Bharata. तेषां = out of them ज्ञानी = one in full knowledge नित्ययुक्तः = always engaged एक = only भक्तिः = in devotional service विशिष्यते = is special प्रियः = very dear हि = certainly ज्ञानिनः = to the person in knowledge अत्यर्थं = highly अहं = I am सः = he च = also मम = to Me प्रियः = dear. उदाराः = magnanimous सर्व = all एव = certainly एते = these ज्ञानी = one who is in knowledge तु = but आत्मैव = just like Myself मे = My मतं = opinion आस्थितः = situated सः = he हि = certainly युक्तात्मा = engaged in devotional service मां = in Me एव = certainly अनुत्तमां = the highest गतिं = destination. बहूनां = many जन्मनां = repeated births and deaths अन्ते = after ज्ञानवान् = one who is in full knowledge मां = unto Me प्रपद्यते = surrenders वासुदेवः = the Personality of Godhead, KRiShNa सर्वं = everything इति = thus सः = that महात्मा = great soul सुदुर्लभः = very rare to see. कामैः = by desires तैस्तैः = various हृत = deprived of ज्ञानाः = knowledge प्रपद्यन्ते = surrender अन्य = to other देवताः = demigods तं तं = corresponding नियमं = regulations आस्थाय = following प्रकृत्या = by nature नियताः = controlled स्वया = by their own. यस्य = whoever यां यां = whichever तनुं = form of a demigod भक्तः = devotee श्रद्धया = with faith अर्चितुं = to worship इच्छति = desires तस्य तस्य = to him अचलं = steady श्रद्धां = faith तां = that एव = surely विदधामि = give अहं = I. सः = he तया = with that श्रद्धया = inspiration युक्तः = endowed तस्य = of that demigod आराधनं = for the worship ईहते = he aspires लभते = obtains च = and ततः = from that कामान् = his desires मया = by Me एव = alone विहितान् = arranged हि = certainly तान् = those. अन्तवत् = perishable तु = but फलं = fruit तेषां = their तत् = that भवति = becomes अल्पमेधसां = of those of small intelligence देवान् = to the demigods देवयजः = the worshipers of the demigods यान्ति = go मत् = My भक्ताः = devotees यान्ति = go मां = to Me अपि = also. अव्यक्तं = nonmanifested व्यक्तिं = personality आपन्नं = achieved मन्यन्ते = think मां = Me अबुद्धयः = less intelligent persons परं = supreme भावं = existence अजानन्तः = without knowing मम = My अव्ययं = imperishable अनुत्तमं = the finest. न = nor अहं = I प्रकाशः = manifest सर्वस्य = to everyone योगमाया = by internal potency समावृतः = covered मूढः = foolish अयं = these न = not अभिजानाति = can understand लोकः = persons मां = Me अजं = unborn अव्ययं = inexhaustible. वेद = know अहं = I समतीतानि = completely past वर्तमानानि = present च = and अर्जुन = O Arjuna भविष्याणि = future च = also भूतानी = all living entities मां = Me तु = but वेद = knows न = not कश्चन = anyone. इच्छा = desire द्वेष = and hate समुत्थेन = arisen from द्वन्द्व = of duality मोहेन = by the illusion भारत = O scion of Bharata सर्व = all भूतानी = living entities सम्मोहं = into delusion सर्गे = while taking birth यान्ति = go परन्तप = O conqueror of enemies. येषां = whose तु = but अन्तगतं = completely eradicated पापं = sin जनानां = of the persons पुण्य = pious कर्मणां = whose previous activities ते = they द्वन्द्व = of duality मोह = delusion निर्मुक्ताः = free from भजन्ते = engage in devotional service मां = to Me दृढव्रताः = with determination. जरा = from old age मरण = and death मोक्षाय = for the purpose of liberation मां = Me आश्रित्य = taking shelter of यतन्ति = endeavor ये = all those who ते = such persons ब्रह्म = Brahman तत् = actually that विदुः = they know कृत्स्नं = everything अध्यात्मं = transcendental कर्म = activities च = also अखिलं = entirely. साधिभूत = and the governing principle of the material manifestation अधिदैवं = governing all the demigods मां = Me साधियज्ञं = and governing all sacrifices च = also ये = those who विदुः = know प्रयाण = of death काले = at the time अपि = even च = and मां = Me ते = they विदुः = know युक्तचेतसः = their minds engaged in Me. End of 7.30

अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said किं = what तत् = that ब्रह्म = Brahman किं = what अध्यात्मं = the self किं = what कर्म = fruitive activities पुरुषोत्तम = O Supreme Person अधिभूतं = the material manifestation च = and किं = what प्रोक्तं = is called अधिदैवं = the demigods किं = what उच्यते = is called. अधियज्ञः = the Lord of sacrifice कथं = how कः = who अत्र = here देहे = in the body अस्मिन् = this मधुसूदन = O Madhusudana प्रयाणकाले = at the time of death च = and कथं = how ज्ञेयोऽसि = You can be known नियतात्मभिः = by the self-controlled. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said अक्षरं = indestructible ब्रह्म = Brahman परमं = transcendental स्वभावः = eternal nature अध्यात्मं = the self उच्यते = is called भूतभावोद्भवकरः = producing the material bodies of the living entities विसर्गः = creation कर्म = fruitive activities संज्ञितः = is called. अधिभूतं = the physical manifestation क्षरः = constantly changing भावः = nature पुरुषः = the universal form च = and अधिदैवतं = called adhidaiva अधियज्ञः = the Supersoul अहं = I (KRiShNa) एव = certainly अत्र = in this देहे = body देहभृतां = of the embodied वर = O best. अन्तकाले = at the end of life च = also मां = Me एव = certainly स्मरन् = remembering मुक्त्वा = quitting कलेवरं = the body यः = he who प्रयाति = goes सः = he मद्भावं = My nature याति = achieves न = not अस्ति = there is अत्र = here संशयः = doubt. यं यं = whatever वापि = at all स्मरन् = remembering भावं = nature त्यजति = gives up अन्ते = at the end कलेवरं = this body तं तं = similar एव = certainly एति = gets कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti सदा = always तत् = that भाव = state of being भाविताः = remembering. तस्मात् = therefore सर्वेषु = at all कालेषु = times मां = Me अनुस्मर = go on remembering युध्य = fight च = also मयि = unto Me अर्पित = surrendering मनः = mind बुद्धिः = intellect मां = unto Me एव = surely एष्यसि = you will attain असंशयः = beyond a doubt. अभ्यासयोग = by practice युक्तेन = being engaged in meditation चेतसा = by the mind and intelligence नान्यगामिना = without their being deviated परमं = the Supreme पुरुषं = Personality of Godhead दिव्यं = transcendental याति = one achieves पार्थ = O son of Pritha अनुचिन्तयन् = constantly thinking of. कविं = the one who knows everything पुराणं = the oldest अनुशासितारं = the controller अणोः = than the atom अणीयांसं = smaller अनुस्मरेत् = always thinks of यः = one who सर्वस्य = of everything धातारं = the maintainer अचिन्त्य = inconceivable रूपं = whose form आदित्यवर्णं = luminous like the sun तमसः = to darkness परस्तात् = transcendental. प्रयाणकाले = at the time of death मनसा = by the mind अचलेन = without its being deviated भक्त्या = in full devotion युक्तः = engaged योगबलेन = by the power of mystic yoga च = also एव = certainly भ्रुवोः = the two eyebrows मध्ये = between प्राणं = the life air आवेश्य = establishing सम्यक् = completely सः = he तं = that परं = transcendental पुरुषं = Personality of Godhead उपैति = achieves दिव्यं = in the spiritual kingdom. यत् = that which अक्षरं = syllable om वेदविदः = persons conversant with the Vedas वदन्ति = say विशन्ति = enter यत् = in which यतयः = great sages वीतरागाः = in the renounced order of life यत् = that which इच्छन्तः = desiring ब्रह्मचर्यं = celibacy चरन्ति = practice तत् = that ते = unto you पदं = situation संग्रहेण = in summary प्रवक्ष्ये = I shall explain. सर्वद्वाराणि = all the doors of the body संयम्य = controlling मनः = the mind हृदि = in the heart निरुध्य = confining च = also मूर्ध्नि = on the head आधाय = fixing आत्मनः = of the soul प्राणं = the life air आस्थितः = situated in योगधारणां = the yogic situation. ॐ = the combination of letters om (omkara) इति = thus एकाक्षरं = the one syllable ब्रह्म = absolute व्याहरन् = vibrating मां = Me (KRiShNa) अनुस्मरन् = remembering यः = anyone who प्रयाति = leaves त्यजन् = quitting देहं = this body सः = he याति = achieves परमां = the supreme गतिं = destination. अनन्यचेताः = without deviation of the mind सततं = always यः = anyone who मां = Me (KRiShNa) स्मरति = remembers नित्यशः = regularly तस्य = to him अहं = I am सुलभः = very easy to achieve पार्थ = O son of Pritha नित्य = regularly युक्तस्य = engaged योगिनः = for the devotee. मां = Me उपेत्य = achieving पुनः = again जन्म = birth दुःखालयं = place of miseries अशाश्वतं = temporary न = never आप्नुवन्ति = attain महात्मनः = the great souls संसिद्धिं = perfection परमां = ultimate गताः = having achieved. आब्रह्मभुवनात् = up to the Brahmaloka planet लोकाः = the planetary systems पुनः = again आवर्तिनः = returning अर्जुन = O Arjuna मां = unto Me उपेत्य = arriving तु = but कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti पुनर्जन्म = rebirth न = never विद्यते = takes place. सहस्र = one thousand युग = millenniums पर्यन्तं = including अहः = day यत् = that which ब्रह्मणः = of Brahma विदुः = they know रात्रिं = night युग = millenniums सहस्रान्तां = similarly, ending after one thousand ते = they अहोरात्र = day and night विदः = who understand जनाः = people. अव्यक्तात् = from the unmanifest व्यक्तयः = living entities सर्वः = all प्रभवन्ति = become manifest अहरागमे = at the beginning of the day रात्र्यागमे = at the fall of night प्रलीयन्ते = are annihilated तत्र = into that एव = certainly अव्यक्त = the unmanifest संज्ञके = which is called. भूतग्रामः = the aggregate of all living entities सः = these एव = certainly अयं = this भूत्वा भूत्वा = repeatedly taking birth प्रलीयते = is annihilated रात्रि = of night आगमे = on the arrival अवशः = automatically पार्थ = O son of Pritha प्रभवति = is manifest अहः = of daytime आगमे = on the arrival. परः = transcendental तस्मात् = to that तु = but भावः = nature अन्यः = another अव्यक्तः = unmanifest अव्यक्तात् = to the unmanifest सनातनः = eternal यः सः = that which सर्वेषु = all भूतेषु = manifestation नश्यात्सु = being annihilated न = never विनश्यति = is annihilated. अव्यक्तः = unmanifested अक्षरः = infallible इति = thus उक्तः = is said तं = that आहुः = is known परमां = the ultimate गतिं = destination यं = which प्राप्य = gaining न = never निवर्तन्ते = come back तत् = that धाम = abode परमं = supreme मम = My. पुरुषः = the Supreme Personality सः = He परः = the Supreme, than whom no one is greater पार्थ = O son of Pritha भक्त्या = by devotional service लभ्यः = can be achieved तु = but अनन्यया = unalloyed, undeviating यस्य = whom अन्तःस्थानि = within भूतानी = all of this material manifestation येन = by whom सर्वं = all इदं = whatever we can see ततं = is pervaded. यत्र = at which काले = time तु = and अनावृत्तिं = no return आवृत्तिं = return च = also एव = certainly योगिनः = different kinds of mystics प्रयाताः = having departed यान्ति = attain तं = that कालं = time वक्ष्यामि = I shall describe भरतर्षभ = O best of the Bharatas. अग्निः = fire ज्योतिः = light अहः = day शुक्लः = the white fortnight षण्मासाः = the six months उत्तरायणं = when the sun passes on the northern side तत्र = there प्रयाताः = those who pass away गच्छन्ति = go ब्रह्म = to the Absolute ब्रह्मविदः = who know the Absolute जनाः = persons. धुमः = smoke रात्रिः = night तथा = also कृष्णः = the fortnight of the dark moon षण्मासाः = the six months दक्षिणायनं = when the sun passes on the southern side तत्र = there चान्द्रमसं = the moon planet ज्योतिः = the light योगी = the mystic प्राप्य = achieving निवर्तते = comes back. शुक्ल = light कृष्णे = and darkness गति = ways of passing हि = certainly एते = these two जगतः = of the material world शाश्वते = of the Vedas मते = in the opinion एकया = by one याति = goes अनावृत्तिं = to no return अन्यया = by the other आवर्तते = comes back पुनः = again. न = never एते = these two सृती = different paths पार्थ = O son of Pritha जानन् = even if he knows योगी = the devotee of the Lord मुह्यति = is bewildered कश्चन = any तस्मात् = therefore सर्वेषु कालेषु = always योगयुक्तः = engaged in KRiShNa consciousness भव = just become अर्जुन = O Arjuna. वेदेषु = in the study of the Vedas यज्ञेषु = in the performances of yajna, sacrifice तपःसु = in undergoing different types of austerities च = also एव = certainly दानेषु = in giving charities यत् = that which पुण्यफलं = result of pious work प्रदिष्टं = indicated अत्येति = surpasses तत् सर्वं = all those इदं = this विदित्वा = knowing योगी = the devotee परं = supreme स्थानं = abode उपैति = achieves च = also आद्यं = original. End of 8.28

श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said इदं = this तु = but ते = unto you गुह्यतमं = the most confidential प्रवक्ष्यामि = I am speaking अनसुयवे = to the nonenvious ज्ञानं = knowledge विज्ञान = realized knowledge सहितं = with यत् = which ज्ञात्वा = knowing मोक्ष्यसे = you will be released अशुभात् = from this miserable material existence. राजविद्या = the king of education राजगुह्यं = the king of confidential knowledge पवित्रं = the purest इदं = this उत्तमं = transcendental प्रत्यक्ष = by direct experience अवगमं = understood धर्म्यं = the principle of religion सुसुखं = very happy कर्तुं = to execute अव्ययं = everlasting. अश्रद्दधानाः = those who are faithless पुरुषाः = such persons धर्मस्य = toward the process of religion अस्य = this परन्तप = O killer of the enemies अप्राप्य = without obtaining मां = Me निवर्तन्ते = come back मृत्यु = of death संसार = in material existence वर्त्मनि = on the path. मया = by Me ततं = pervaded इदं = this सर्वं = all जगत् = cosmic manifestation अव्यक्तमूर्तिना = by the unmanifested form मत्स्थानि = in Me सर्वभूतानी = all living entities न = not च = also अहं = I तेषु = in them अवस्थितः = situated. न = never च = also मत्स्थानि = situated in Me भूतानि = all creation पश्य = just see मे = My योगमैश्वरं = inconceivable mystic power भूतभृत् = the maintainer of all living entities न = never च = also भूतस्थः = in the cosmic manifestation मम = My आत्मा = Self भूतभावनः = the source of all manifestations. यथा = just as आकाशस्थितः = situated in the sky नित्यं = always वायुः = the wind सर्वत्रगः = blowing everywhere महान् = great तथा = similarly सर्वाणि भूतानि = all created beings मत्स्थानि = situated in Me इति = thus उपधारय = try to understand. सर्वभूतानि = all created entities कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti प्रकृतिं = nature यान्ति = enter मामिकां = My कल्पक्षये = at the end of the millennium पुनः = again तानि = all those कल्पादौ = in the beginning of the millennium विसृजामि = create अहं = I. प्रकृतिं = the material nature स्वां = of My personal Self अवष्टभ्य = entering into विसृजामि = I create पुनः पुनः = again and again भूतग्रामं = all the cosmic manifestations इमं = these कृत्स्नं = in total अवसं = automatically प्रकृतेः = of the force of nature वशात् = under obligation. न = never च = also मां = Me तानि = all those कर्माणि = activities निबध्नन्ति = bind धनञ्जय = O conqueror of riches उदासीनवत् = as neutral आसिनं = situated असक्तं = without attraction तेषु = for those कर्मसु = activities. मया = by Me अध्यक्षेण = by superintendence प्रकृतिः = material nature सूयते = manifests स = with both चराचरम् = the moving and the nonmoving हेतुना = for the reason अनेन = this कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti जगत् = the cosmic manifestation विपरिवर्तते = is working. अवजानन्ति = deride मां = Me मूढाः = foolish men मानुषीं = in a human form तनुं = a body आश्रितं = assuming परं = transcendental भावं = nature अजानन्तः = not knowing मम = My भूत = of everything that be महेश्वरं = the supreme proprietor. मोघाशाः = baffled in their hopes मोघकर्माणः = baffled in fruitive activities मोघज्ञानाः = baffled in knowledge विचेतसः = bewildered राक्षसीं = demonic आसुरीं = atheistic च = and एव = certainly प्रकृतिं = nature मोहिनीं = bewildering श्रिताः = taking shelter of. महात्मानः = the great souls तु = but मां = unto Me पार्थ = O son of Pritha दैवीं = divine प्रकृतिं = nature आश्रिताः = having taken shelter of भजन्ति = render service अनन्यमनसः = without deviation of the mind ज्ञात्वा = knowing भूत = of creation आदिं = the origin अव्ययं = inexhaustible. सततं = always कीर्तयन्तः = chanting मां = about Me यतन्तः = fully endeavoring च = also दृढव्रताः = with determination नमस्यन्तः = offering obeisances च = and मां = Me भक्त्या = in devotion नित्ययुक्ताः = perpetually engaged उपासते = worship. ज्ञानयज्ञेन = by cultivation of knowledge च = also अपि = certainly अन्ये = others यजन्तः = sacrificing मां = Me उपासते = worship एकत्वेन = in oneness पृथक्त्वेन = in duality बहुधा = in diversity विश्वतोमुखं = and in the universal form. अहं = I क्रतुः = Vedic ritual अहं = I यज्ञः = smrti sacrifice स्वधा = oblation अहं = I अहं = I औषधं = healing herb मन्त्रः = transcendental chant अहं = I अहं = I एव = certainly आज्यं = melted butter अहं = I अग्निः = fire अहं = I हुतं = offering. पिता = father अहं = I अस्य = of this जगतः = universe माता = mother धाता = supporter पितामहः = grandfather वेद्यं = what is to be known पवित्रं = that which purifies ॐकार = the syllable om ऋक् = the Rg Veda साम = the Sama Veda यजुः = the Yajur Veda एव = certainly च = and. गतिः = goal भर्ता = sustainer प्रभुः = Lord सक्षी = witness निवासः = abode शरणं = refuge सुहृत् = most intimate friend प्रभवः = creation प्रलयः = dissolution स्थानं = ground निधानं = resting place बीजं = seed अव्ययं = imperishable. तपामि = give heat अहं = I अहं = I वर्षं = rain निगृह्णामि = withhold उत्सृजामि = send forth च = and अमृतं = immortality च = and एव = certainly मृत्युः = death च = and सत् = spirit असत् = matter च = and अहं = I अर्जुन = O Arjuna. त्रैविद्यः = the knowers of the three Vedas मां = Me सोमपाः = drinkers of soma juice पूत = purified पापाः = of sins यज्ञैः = with sacrifices इष्ट्वा = worshiping स्वर्गतिं = passage to heaven प्रार्थयन्ते = pray for ते = they पुण्यं = pious आसाद्य = attaining सुरेन्द्र = of Indra लोकं = the world अश्नन्ति = enjoy दिव्यान् = celestial दिवि = in heaven देवभोगान् = the pleasures of the gods. ते = they तं = that भुक्त्वा = enjoying स्वर्गलोकं = heaven विशालं = vast क्षीणे = being exhausted पुण्ये = the results of their pious activities मर्त्यलोकं = to the mortal earth विशन्ति = fall down एवं = thus त्रयी = of the three Vedas धर्मं = doctrines अनुप्रपन्नाः = following गतागतं = death and birth कामकामाः = desiring sense enjoyments लभन्ते = attain. अनन्याः = having no other object चिन्तयन्तः = concentrating मां = on Me ये = those who जनाः = persons पर्युपासते = properly worship तेषां = of them नित्य = always अभियुक्तानां = fixed in devotion योग = requirements क्षेमं = protection वहामि = carry अहं = I. ये = those who अपि = also अन्य = of other देवता = gods भक्ताः = devotees यजन्ते = worship श्रद्धयान्विताः = with faith ते = they अपि = also मां = Me एव = only कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti यजन्ति = they worship अविधिपूर्वकं = in a wrong way. अहं = I हि = surely सर्व = of all यज्ञानां = sacrifices भोक्ता = the enjoyer च = and प्रभुः = the Lord एव = also च = and न = not तु = but मां = Me अभिजानन्ति = they know तत्त्वेन = in reality अतः = therefore च्यवन्ति = fall down ते = they. यान्ति = go देवव्रताः = worshipers of demigods देवान् = to the demigods पितॄन् = to the ancestors यान्ति = go पितृव्रताः = worshipers of ancestors भूतानी = to the ghosts and spirits यान्ति = go भूतेज्याः = worshipers of ghosts and spirits यान्ति = go मत् = My यजिनः = devotees अपि = but मां = unto Me. पत्रं = a leaf पुष्पं = a flower फलं = a fruit तोयं = water यः = whoever मे = unto Me भक्त्या = with devotion प्रयच्छति = offers तत् = that अहं = I भक्त्युपहृतं = offered in devotion अश्नामि = accept प्रयतात्मनः = from one in pure consciousness. यत् = whatever करोऽसि = you do यत् = whatever अश्नासि = you eat यत् = whatever जुहोऽसि = you offer ददासि = you give away यत् = whatever यत् = whatever तपस्यसि = austerities you perform कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti तत् = that कुरुष्व = do मत् = unto Me अर्पणं = as an offering. शुभ = from auspicious अशुभ = and inauspicious फलैः = results एवं = thus मोक्ष्यसे = you will become free कर्म = of work बन्धनैः = from the bondage संन्यास = of renunciation योग = the yoga युक्तात्म = having the mind firmly set on विमुक्तः = liberated मां = to Me उपैष्यसि = you will attain. समः = equally disposed अहं = I सर्वभूतेषु = to all living entities न = no one मे = to Me द्वेष्यः = hateful अस्ति = is न = nor प्रियः = dear ये = those who भजन्ति = render transcendental service तु = but मां = unto Me भक्त्या = in devotion मयि = are in Me ते = such persons तेषु = in them च = also अपि = certainly अहं = I. अपि = even चेत् = if सुदुराचारः = one committing the most abominable actions भजते = is engaged in devotional service मां = unto Me अनन्यभाक् = without deviation साधुः = a saint एव = certainly सः = he मन्तव्यः = is to be considered सम्यक् = completely व्यवसितः = situated in determination हि = certainly सः = he. क्षिप्रं = very soon भवति = becomes धर्मात्मा = righteous शश्वच्छान्तिं = lasting peace निगच्छति = attains कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti प्रतिजानीहि = declare न = never मे = My भक्तः = devotee प्रणश्यति = perishes. मां = of Me हि = certainly पार्थ = O son of Pritha व्यपाश्रित्य = particularly taking shelter ये = those who अपि = also स्युः = are पापयोनयः = born of a lower family स्त्रियः = women वैश्यः = mercantile people तथा = also शूद्रः = lower-class men तेऽपि = even they यान्ति = go परां = to the supreme गतिं = destination. किं = how much पुनः = again ब्राह्मणाः = brahmanas पुण्याः = righteous भक्ताः = devotees राजर्षयः = saintly kings तथा = also अनित्यं = temporary असुखं = full of miseries लोकं = planet इमं = this प्राप्य = gaining भजस्व = be engaged in loving service मां = unto Me. मन्मनाः = always thinking of Me भव = become मत् = My भक्तः = devotee मत् = My याजि = worshiper मां = unto Me नमस्कुरु = offer obeisances मां = unto Me एव = completely एष्यसि = you will come युक्त्वा = being absorbed एवं = thus आत्मानं = your soul मत्परायणः = devoted to Me. End of 9.34

श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said भूयः = again एव = certainly महाबाहो = O mighty-armed श‍ृणु = just hear मे = My परमं = supreme वचः = instruction यत् = that which ते = to you अहं = I प्रीयमाणाय = thinking you dear to Me वक्ष्यामि = say हितकाम्यया = for your benefit. न = never मे = My विदुः = know सुरगणाः = the demigods प्रभवं = origin, opulences न = never महर्षयः = great sages अहं = I am आदिः = the origin हि = certainly देवानां = of the demigods महर्षीणां = of the great sages च = also सर्वशः = in all respects. यः = anyone who मां = Me अजं = unborn अनादिं = without beginning च = also वेत्ति = knows लोक = of the planets महेश्वरं = the supreme master असम्मूढः = undeluded सः = he मर्त्येषु = among those subject to death सर्वपापैः = from all sinful reactions प्रमुच्यते = is delivered. बुद्धिः = intelligence ज्ञानं = knowledge असम्मोहः = freedom from doubt क्षमा = forgiveness सत्यं = truthfulness दमः = control of the senses शमः = control of the mind सुखं = happiness दुःखं = distress भवः = birth अभावः = death भयं = fear च = also अभयं = fearlessness एव = also च = and अहिंसा = nonviolence समता = equilibrium तुष्टिः = satisfaction तपः = penance दानं = charity यशः = fame अयशः = infamy भवन्ति = come about भावाः = natures भूतानां = of living entities मत्तः = from Me एव = certainly पृथग्विधाः = variously arranged. महर्षयः = the great sages सप्त = seven पूर्वे = before चत्वारः = four मनवः = Manus तथा = also मद्भावाः = born of Me मानसाः = from the mind जाताः = born येषां = of them लोके = in the world इमाः = all this प्रजाः = population. एतां = all this विभूतिं = opulence योगं = mystic power च = also मम = of Mine यः = anyone who वेत्ति = knows तत्त्वतः = factually सः = he अविकल्पेन = without division योगेन = in devotional service युज्यते = is engaged न = never अत्र = here संशयः = doubt. अहं = I सर्वस्य = of all प्रभवः = the source of generation मत्तः = from Me सर्वं = everything प्रवर्तते = emanates इति = thus मत्वा = knowing भजन्ते = become devoted मां = unto Me बुधाः = the learned भावसमन्वितः = with great attention. मच्चित्ताः = their minds fully engaged in Me मद्गतप्राणाः = their lives devoted to Me बोधयन्तः = preaching परस्परं = among themselves कथयन्तः = talking च = also मां = about Me नित्यं = perpetually तुष्यन्ति = become pleased च = also रमन्ति = enjoy transcendental bliss च = also. तेषां = unto them सततयुक्तानां = always engaged भजतां = in rendering devotional service प्रीतिपूर्वकं = in loving ecstasy ददामि = I give बुद्धियोगं = real intelligence तं = that येन = by which मां = unto Me उपयान्ति = come ते = they. तेषां = for them एव = certainly अनुकम्पार्थं = to show special mercy अहं = I अज्ञानजं = due to ignorance तमः = darkness नाशयामि = dispel आत्मभाव = within their hearts स्थः = situated ज्ञान = of knowledge दीपेन = with the lamp भास्वता = glowing. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said परं = supreme ब्रह्म = truth परं = supreme धाम = sustenance पवित्रं = pure परमं = supreme भवान् = You पुरुषं = personality शाश्वतं = original दिव्यं = transcendental आदिदेवं = the original Lord अजं = unborn विभुं = greatest आहुः = say त्वां = of You ऋषयः = sages सर्वे = all देवर्षिः = the sage among the demigods नारदः = Narada तथा = also असितः = Asita देवलः = Devala व्यासः = Vyasa स्वयं = personally च = also एव = certainly ब्रवीषि = You are explaining मे = unto me. सर्वं = all एतत् = this ऋतं = truth मन्ये = I accept यत् = which मां = unto me वदसि = You tell केशव = O KRiShNa न = never हि = certainly ते = Your भगवान् = O Personality of Godhead व्यक्तिं = revelation विदुः = can know देवाः = the demigods न = nor दानवः = the demons. स्वयं = personally एव = certainly आत्मना = by Yourself आत्मानं = Yourself वेत्थ = know त्वं = You पुरुषोत्तम = O greatest of all persons भूतभावन = O origin of everything भूतेश = O Lord of everything देवदेव = O Lord of all demigods जगत्पते = O Lord of the entire universe. वक्तुं = to say अर्हसि = You deserve अशेषेण = in detail दिव्याः = divine हि = certainly आत्म = Your own विभूतयः = opulences याभिः = by which विभूतिभिः = opulences लोकान् = all the planets इमान् = these त्वां = You व्याप्य = pervading तिष्ठसि = remain. कथं = how विद्यामहं = shall I know योगिन् = O supreme mystic त्वां = You सदा = always परिचिन्तयन् = thinking of केषु = in which केषु = in which च = also भावेषु = natures cintyah असि = You are to be remembered भगवन् = O Supreme मया = by me. विस्तरेण = in detail आत्मनः = Your योगं = mystic power विभूतिं = opulences च = also जनार्दन = O killer of the atheists भूयः = again कथय = describe तृप्तिः = satisfaction हि = certainly श‍ृण्वतः = hearing नास्ति = there is not मे = my अमृतं = nectar. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said हन्त = yes ते = unto you कथयिष्यामि = I shall speak दिव्याः = divine हि = certainly आत्मविभूतयः = personal opulences प्राधान्यतः = which are principal कुरुश्रेष्ठ = O best of the Kurus नास्ति = there is not अन्तः = limit विस्तरस्य = to the extent मे = My. अहं = I आत्मा = the soul गुडाकेश = O Arjuna सर्वभूत = of all living entities आशयस्थिताः = situated within the heart अहं = I am आदिः = the origin च = also मध्यं = middle च = also भूतानां = of all living entities अन्तः = end एव = certainly च = and. आदित्यानां = of the Adityas अहं = I am विष्णुः = Vishnu ज्योतीषां = of all luminaries रविः = the sun अंशुमान् = radiant मरीचिः = Marici मरुतां = of the Maruts अस्मि = I am नक्षत्राणां = of the stars अहं = I am शशी = the moon. वेदानां = of all the Vedas सामवेदः = the Sama Veda अस्मि = I am देवानां = of all the demigods अस्मि = I am वासवः = the heavenly king इन्द्रियाणां = of all the senses मनः = the mind च = also अस्मि = I am भूतानां = of all living entities अस्मि = I am चेतना = the living force. रुद्राणां = of all the Rudras शङ्करः = Shankara च = also अस्मि = I am वित्तेशः = the lord of the treasury of the demigods यक्षरक्षसां = of the Yaksas and Raksasas वसौनां = of the Vasus पावकः = fire च = also अस्मि = I am मेरुः = Meru शिखरिणां = of all mountains अहं = I am. पुरोधसां = of all priests च = also मुख्यं = the chief मां = Me विद्धि = understand पार्थ = O son of Pritha बृहस्पतिं = Brhaspati सेनानीनां = of all commanders अहं = I am स्कन्दः = Kartikeya सरसां = of all reservoirs of water अस्मि = I am सागरः = the ocean. महर्षीणां = among the great sages भृगुः = Bhrigu अहं = I am गिरां = of vibrations अस्मि = I am एकमक्षरं = pranava यज्ञानां = of sacrifices जपयज्ञः = chanting अस्मि = I am स्थावराणां = of immovable things हिमालयः = the Himalayan mountains. अश्वत्थः = the banyan tree सर्ववृक्षाणां = of all trees देवर्षीणां = of all the sages amongst the demigods च = and नारदः = Narada गन्धर्वाणां = of the citizens of the Gandharva planet चित्ररथः = Citraratha सिद्धानां = of all those who are perfected कपिलः मुनिः = Kapila Muni. उच्चैःश्रवसं = Uccaihsrava अश्वानां = among horses विद्धि = know मां = Me अमृतोद्भवं = produced from the churning of the ocean ऐरावतं = Airavata गजेन्द्राणां = of lordly elephants नराणां = among human beings च = and नराधिपं = the king. आयुधानां = of all weapons अहं = I am वज्रं = the thunderbolt धेनूनां = of cows अस्मि = I am कामधुक् = the surabhi cow प्रजनः = the cause for begetting children च = and अस्मि = I am कन्दर्पः = Cupid सर्पाणां = of serpents अस्मि = I am वासुकिः = Vasuki. अनन्तः = Ananta च = also अस्मि = I am नागानां = of the manyhooded serpents वरुणः = the demigod controlling the water यादसां = of all aquatics अहं = I am पितॄणां = of the ancestors अर्यमा = Aryama च = also अस्मि = I am यमः = the controller of death संयमतां = of all regulators अहं = I am. प्रह्लादः = Prahlada च = also अस्मि = I am दैत्यानां = of the demons कालः = time कलयतां = of subduers अहं = I am मृगाणां = of animals च = and मृगेन्द्रः = the lion अहं = I am वैनतेयः = Garuda च = also पक्षिणां = of birds. पवनः = the wind पवतां = of all that purifies अस्मि = I am रामः = Rama शस्त्रभृतां = of the carriers of weapons अहं = I am झषाणां = of all fish मकरः = the shark च = also अस्मि = I am स्रोतसां = of flowing rivers अस्मि = I am जाह्नवी = the River Ganges. सर्गाणां = of all creations आदिः = the beginning अन्तः = end च = and मध्यं = middle च = also एव = certainly अहं = I am अर्जुन = O Arjuna अध्यात्मविद्या = spiritual knowledge विद्यानां = of all education वादः = the natural conclusion प्रवदतां = of arguments अहं = I am. अक्षराणां = of letters अकारः = the first letter अस्मि = I am द्वन्द्वः = the dual सामासिकस्य = of compounds च = and अहं = I am एव = certainly अक्षयः = eternal कालः = time धाता = the creator अहं = I am विश्वतोमुखः = Brahma. मृत्युः = death सर्वहरः = all-devouring च = also अहं = I am उद्भवः = generation च = also भविष्यतां = of future manifestations कीर्तिः = fame श्रीः = opulence or beauty वाक् = fine speech च = also नारीणां = of women स्मृतिः = memory मेधा = intelligence धृतिः = firmness क्षमा = patience. बृहत्साम = the BrAhat-sama तथा = also साम्नं = of the Sama Veda songs गायत्री = the Gayatri hymns छन्दसां = of all poetry अहं = I am मासानां = of months मार्गशीर्षः = the month of November-December अहं = I am ऋतूनां = of all seasons कुसुमाकरः = spring. द्युतं = gambling छलयतां = of all cheats अस्मि = I am तेजः = the splendor तेजस्विनां = of everything splendid अहं = I am जयः = victory अस्मि = I am व्यवसायः = enterprise or adventure अस्मि = I am सत्त्वं = the strength सत्त्ववतं = of the strong अहं = I am. वृष्णीनां = of the descendants of VRiShNi वासुदेवः = KRiShNa in Dvaraka अस्मि = I am पाण्डवानां = of the Pandavas धनञ्जयः = Arjuna मुनीनां = of the sages अपि = also अहं = I am व्यासः = Vyasa, the compiler of all Vedic literature कवीनां = of all great thinkers उशना = Usana कविः = the thinker. दंडः = punishment दमयतां = of all means of suppression अस्मि = I am नीतिः = morality अस्मि = I am जिगिषतां = of those who seek victory मौनं = silence च = and एव = also अस्मि = I am गुह्यानां = of secrets ज्ञानं = knowledge ज्ञानवतां = of the wise अहं = I am. यत् = whatever च = also अपि = may be सर्वभूतानां = of all creations बीजं = seed तत् = that अहं = I am अर्जुन = O Arjuna न = not तत् = that अस्ति = there is विना = without यत् = which स्यात् = exists मया = Me भूतं = created being चराचरं = moving and nonmoving. न = nor अन्तः = a limit अस्ति = there is मम = My दिव्यानां = of the divine विभूतिनां = opulences परन्तप = O conqueror of the enemies एषः = all this तु = but उद्देशतः = as examples प्रोक्ताः = spoken विभूतेः = of opulences विस्तरः = the expanse मया = by Me. यद्यत् = whatever विभूति = opulences मत् = having सत्त्वं = existence श्रीमत् = beautiful उर्जितं = glorious एव = certainly वा = or तत् तत् = all those एव = certainly अवगच्छ = must know त्वं = you मम = My तेजः = of the splendor अंश = a part सम्भवं = born of. अथवा = or बहुना = many एतेन = by this kind किं = what ज्ञातेन = by knowing तव = your अर्जुन = O Arjuna विष्टभ्य = pervading अहं = I इदं = this कृत्स्नं = entire एक = by one अंशेन = part स्थिताः = am situated जगत् = universe. End of 10.41

अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said मदनुग्रहाय = just to show me favor परमं = supreme गुह्यं = confidential subject अध्यात्म = spiritual संज्ञितं = in the matter of यत् = what त्वया = by You उक्तं = said वचः = words तेन = by that मोहः = illusion अयं = this विगतः = is removed मम = my. भव = appearance अप्ययौ = disappearance हि = certainly भूतानां = of all living entities श्रुतौ = have been heard विस्तरशः = in detail मया = by me त्वत्तः = from You कमलपत्राक्ष = O lotus-eyed one माहात्म्यं = glories अपि = also च = and अव्ययं = inexhaustible. एवं = thus एतत् = this यथा = as it is आत्थ = have spoken त्वं = You आत्मानं = Yourself परमेश्वर = O Supreme Lord द्रष्टुं = to see इच्छामि = I wish ते = Your रूपं = form ऐश्वरं = divine पुरुषोत्तम = O best of personalities. मन्यसे = You think यदि = if तत् = that शक्यं = is able मया = by me द्रष्टुं = to be seen इति = thus प्रभो = O Lord योगेश्वर = O Lord of all mystic power ततः = then मे = unto me त्वं = You दर्शय = show आत्मानं = Your Self अव्ययं = eternal. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said पश्य = just see मे = My पार्थ = O son of Pritha रूपाणि = forms शतशः = hundreds अथ = also सहस्रशः = thousands नानाविधानि = variegated दिव्यानि = divine नाना = variegated वर्ण = colors आकृतीनि = forms च = also. पश्य = see आदित्यान् = the twelve sons of Aditi वसुन् = the eight Vasus रुद्रान् = the eleven forms of Rudra अश्विनौ = the two Asvinis मरुतः = the forty-nine Maruts (demigods of the wind) तथा = also बहूनि = many अदृष्ट = that you have not seen पूर्वाणि = before पश्य = see आश्चर्याणि = all the wonders भारत = O best of the Bharatas. इह = in this एकस्थं = in one place जगत् = the universe कृत्स्नं = completely पश्य = see आद्य = immediately स = with चर = the moving अचरं = and not moving मम = My देहे = in this body गुडाकेश = O Arjuna यत् = that which च = also अन्यत् = other द्रष्टुं = to see इच्छसि = you wish. न = never तु = but मां = Me शक्यसे = are able द्रष्टुं = to see अनेन = with these एव = certainly स्वचक्षुषा = your own eyes दिव्यं = divine ददामि = I give ते = to you चक्षुः = eyes पश्य = see मे = My योगमैश्वरं = inconceivable mystic power. सञ्जय उवाच = Sanjaya said एवं = thus उक्त्वा = saying ततः = thereafter राजन् = O King महायोगेश्वरः = the most powerful mystic हरिः = the Supreme Personality of Godhead, KRiShNa दर्शयामास = showed पार्थाय = unto Arjuna परमं = the divine रूपमैश्वरं = universal form. अनेक = various वक्त्र = mouths नयनं = eyes अनेक = various अद्भुत = wonderful दर्शनं = sights अनेक = many दिव्य = divine आभरणं = ornaments दिव्य = divine अनेक = various उद्यत = uplifted आयुधं = weapons दिव्य = divine माल्य = garlands अम्बर = dresses धरं = wearing दिव्य = divine गन्ध = fragrances अनुलेपनं = smeared with सर्व = all आश्चर्यमयं = wonderful देवं = shining अनन्तं = unlimited विश्वतोमुखं = all-pervading. दिवि = in the sky सूर्य = of suns सहस्रस्य = of many thousands भवेत् = there were युगपत् = simultaneously उत्थिता = present यदि = if भाः = light सदृशी = like that स = that स्यात् = might be भासः = effulgence तस्य = of Him महात्मनः = the great Lord. तत्र = there एकस्थं = in one place जगत् = the universe कृत्स्नं = complete प्रविभक्तं = divided अनेकधा = into many अपश्यत् = could see देवदेवस्य = of the Supreme Personality of Godhead शरीरे = in the universal form पाण्डवः = Arjuna तदा = at that time. ततः = thereafter सः = he विस्मयाविष्टः = being overwhelmed with wonder हृष्टरोमा = with his bodily hairs standing on end due to his great ecstasy धनञ्जयः = Arjuna प्रणम्य = offering obeisances शिरसा = with the head देवं = to the Supreme Personality of Godhead कृताञ्जलिः = with folded hands अभाषत = began to speak. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said पश्यामि = I see देवान् = all the demigods तव = Your देव = O Lord देहे = in the body सर्वान् = all तथा = also भूत = living entities विशेषसङ्घान् = specifically assembled ब्रह्माणं = Brahma ईशं = Lord कमलासनस्थं = sitting on the lotus flower ऋषिन् = great sages च = also सर्वान् = all उरगान् = serpents च = also दिव्यान् = divine. अनेक = many बाहु = arms उदर = bellies वक्त्र = mouths नेत्रं = eyes पश्यामि = I see त्वं = You सर्वतः = on all sides अनन्तरूपं = unlimited form नान्तं = no end न मध्यं = no middle न पुनः = nor again तव = Your आदिं = beginning पश्यामि = I see विश्वेश्वर = O Lord of the universe विश्वरूप = in the form of the universe. किरीटिनं = with helmets गदिनं = with maces चक्रिणं = with discs च = and तेजोराशिं = effulgence सर्वतः = on all sides दीप्तिमन्तं = glowing पश्यामि = I see त्वां = You दुर्निरीक्ष्यं = difficult to see समन्तात् = everywhere दीप्तानल = blazing fire अर्क = of the sun द्युतिं = the sunshine अप्रमेयं = immeasurable. त्वं = You अक्षरं = the infallible परमं = supreme वेदितव्यं = to be understood त्वं = You अस्य = of this विश्वस्य = universe परं = supreme निधानं = basis त्वं = You अव्ययः = inexhaustible शाश्वतधर्मगोप्ता = maintainer of the eternal religion सनातनः = eternal त्वं = You पुरुषः = the Supreme Personality मतः मे = this is my opinion. अनादि = without beginning मध्य = middle अन्तं = or end अनन्त = unlimited वीर्यां = glories अनन्त = unlimited बाहुं = arms शशी = the moon सूर्य = and sun नेत्रं = eyes पश्यामि = I see त्वां = You दीप्त = blazing हुताशवक्त्रं = fire coming out of Your mouth स्वतेजसा = by Your radiance विश्वं = universe इदं = this तपन्तं = heating. द्यौ = from outer space अपृथिव्योः = to the earth इदं = this अन्तरं = between हि = certainly व्याप्तं = pervaded त्वया = by You एकेन = alone दिशः = directions च = and सर्वाः = all दृष्ट्वा = by seeing अद्भुतं = wonderful रूपं = form उग्रं = terrible तव = Your इदं = this लोक = the planetary systems त्रयं = three प्रव्यथितं = perturbed महात्मन् = O great one. अमी = all those हि = certainly त्वां = You सुरसङ्घाः = groups of demigods विशन्ति = are entering केचित् = some of them भिताः = out of fear प्राञ्जलयः = with folded hands गृणन्ति = are offering prayers स्वस्ति = all peace इति = thus उक्त्वा = speaking महर्षि = great sages सिद्धसङ्घाः = perfect beings स्तुवन्ति = are singing hymns त्वां = unto You स्तुतिभिः = with prayers पुष्कलाभिः = Vedic hymns. रुद्र = manifestations of Lord Siva आदित्यः = the Adityas वसवः = the Vasus ये = all those च = and साध्याः = the Sadhyas विश्वे = the Visvedevas अश्विनौ = the Asvini-kumaras मरुतः = the Maruts च = and उष्मपाः = the forefathers च = and गन्धर्व = of the Gandharvas यक्ष = the Yaksas असुर = the demons सिद्ध = and the perfected demigods सङ्घाः = the assemblies वीक्षन्ते = are beholding त्वां = You विस्मिताः = in wonder च = also एव = certainly सर्वे = all. रूपं = the form महत् = very great ते = of You बहु = many वक्त्र = faces नेत्रं = and eyes महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one बहु = many बाहु = arms उरु = thighs पादं = and legs बहूदरं = many bellies बहुदंष्ट्रा = many teeth करालं = horrible दृष्ट्वा = seeing लोकाः = all the planets प्रव्यथिताः = perturbed तथा = similarly अहं = I. नभःस्पृशं = touching the sky दीप्तं = glowing अनेक = many वर्णं = colors व्यत्त = open आननं = mouths दीप्त = glowing विशाल = very great नेत्रं = eyes दृष्ट्वा = seeing हि = certainly त्वां = You प्रव्यथित = perturbed अन्तः = within आत्मा = soul धृतिं = steadiness न = not विन्दामि = I have शमं = mental tranquillity च = also विष्णो = O Lord Visnu. दंष्ट्रा = teeth करालानि = terrible च = also ते = Your मुखानि = faces दृष्ट्वा = seeing एव = thus कालानल = the fire of death सन्निभानि = as if दिशः = the directions न = not जाने = I know न = not लभे = I obtain च = and शर्म = grace प्रसीद = be pleased देवेश = O Lord of all lords जगन्निवास = O refuge of the worlds. अमी = these च = also त्वां = You धृतराष्ट्रस्य = of Dhritarashtra पुत्राः = the sons सर्वे = all सह = with एव = indeed अवनिपाल = of warrior kings सङ्घैः = the groups भीष्मः = Bhishmadeva द्रोणः = Dronacarya सूतपुत्रः = Karna तथा = also असौ = that सह = with अस्मदीयैः = our अपि = also योधमुख्यैः = chiefs among the warriors वक्त्राणि = mouths ते = Your त्वरमाणाः = rushing विशन्ति = are entering दंष्ट्रा = teeth करालानि = terrible भयानकानि = very fearful केचित् = some of them विलग्नाः = becoming attached दशनान्तरेषु = between the teeth सन्दृश्यन्ते = are seen चूर्णितैः = with smashed उत्तमाङ्गैः = heads. यथा = as नदीनां = of the rivers बहवः = the many अम्बुवेगाः = waves of the waters समुद्रं = the ocean एव = certainly अभिमुखाः = towards द्रवन्ति = glide तथा = similarly तव = Your अमी = all these नरलोकवीराः = kings of human society विशन्ति = are entering वक्त्राणि = the mouths अभिविज्वलन्ति = and are blazing. यथा = as प्रदीप्तं = blazing ज्वलनं = a fire पतङ्गाः = moths विशन्ति = enter नाशाय = for destruction समृद्ध = with full वेगाः = speed तथैव = similarly नाशाय = for destruction विशन्ति = are entering लोकाः = all people तव = Your अपि = also वक्त्राणि = mouths समृद्धवेगः = with full speed. लेलिह्यसे = You are licking ग्रसमानः = devouring समन्तात् = from all directions लोकान् = people समग्रान् = all वदनैः = by the mouths ज्वलद्भिः = blazing तेजोभिः = by effulgence आपूर्य = covering जगत् = the universe समग्रं = all भासः = rays तव = Your उग्रः = terrible प्रतपन्ति = are scorching विष्णो = O all-pervading Lord. आख्याहि = please explain मे = unto me कः = who भवान् = You उग्ररूपः = fierce form नमः अस्तु = obeisances ते = unto You देववर = O great one amongst the demigods प्रसीद = be gracious विज्ञातुं = to know इच्छामि = I wish भवन्तं = You आद्यं = the original न = not हि = certainly प्रजानामि = do I know तव = Your प्रवृत्तिं = mission. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Personality of Godhead said कालः = time अस्मि = I am लोक = of the worlds क्षयकृत् = the destroyer प्रवृद्धः = great लोकान् = all people समाहर्तुं = in destroying इह = in this world प्रवृत्तः = engaged ऋते = without, except for अपि = even त्वां = you न = never भविष्यन्ति = will be सर्वे = all ये = who अवस्थिताः = situated प्रत्यानीकेषु = on the opposite sides योधाः = the soldiers. तस्मात् = therefore त्वं = you उत्तिष्ठ = get up यशः = fame लभस्व = gain जित्वा = conquering शत्रुन् = enemies भुङ्क्ष्व = enjoy राज्यं = kingdom समृद्धं = flourishing मया = by Me एव = certainly एते = all these निहताः = killed पूर्वमेव = by previous arrangement निमित्तमात्रं = just the cause भव = become सव्यसाचिन् = O Savyasaci. द्रोणं च = also Drona भीष्मं च = also Bhishma जयद्रथं च = also Jayadratha कर्णं = Karna तथा = also अन्यान् = others अपि = certainly योधवीरान् = great warriors मया = by Me हतान् = already killed त्वं = you जहि = destroy मा = do not व्यथिष्ठाः = be disturbed युध्यस्व = just fight जेतासि = you will conquer रणे = in the fight सपत्नान् = enemies. सञ्जय उवाच = Sanjaya said एतत् = thus श्रुत्वा = hearing वचनं = the speech केशवस्य = of KRiShNa कृताञ्जलिः = with folded hands वेपमानः = trembling किरीटिन् = Arjuna नमस्कृत्वा = offering obeisances भूयः = again एव = also अह = said कृष्णं = unto KRiShNa सगद्गदं = with a faltering voice भीतभीतः = fearful प्रणम्य = offering obeisances. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said स्थाने = rightly हृषीकेश = O master of all senses तव = Your प्रकीर्त्य = by the glories जगत् = the entire world प्रहृष्यति = is rejoicing अनुरज्यते = is becoming attached च = and रक्षांसि = the demons भीतानि = out of fear दिशः = in all directions द्रवन्ति = are fleeing सर्वे = all नमस्यन्ति = are offering respects च = also सिद्धसङ्घाः = the perfect human beings. कस्मात् = why च = also ते = unto You न = not नमेरन् = they should offer proper obeisances महात्मन् = O great one गरीयसे = who are better ब्रह्मणः = than Brahma अपि = although आदिकर्त्रे = to the supreme creator अनन्त = O unlimited देवेश = O God of the gods जगन्निवास = O refuge of the universe त्वं = You are अक्षरं = imperishable सदसत् = to cause and effect तत्परं = transcendental यत् = because. त्वं = You आदिदेवः = the original Supreme God पुरुषः = personality पुराणः = old त्वं = You अस्य = of this विश्वस्य = universe परं = transcendental निधानं = refuge वेत्त = the knower असि = You are वेद्यं = the knowable च = and परं = transcendental च = and धाम = refuge त्वया = by You ततं = pervaded विश्वं = the universe अनन्तरूप = O unlimited form. वायुः = air यमः = the controller अग्निः = fire वरुणः = water शशाङ्कः = the moon प्रजापतिः = Brahma त्वं = You प्रपितामहः = the great-grandfather च = also नमः = my respects नमः = again my respects ते = unto You अस्तु = let there be सहस्रकृत्वः = a thousand times पुनश्च = and again भूयः = again अपि = also नमः = offering my respects नमस्ते = offering my respects unto You. नमः = offering obeisances पुरस्तात् = from the front अथ = also पृष्ठतः = from behind ते = unto You नमः अस्तु = I offer my respects ते = unto You सर्वतः = from all sides एव = indeed सर्व = because You are everything अनन्तवीर्या = unlimited potency अमितविक्रमः = and unlimited force त्वं = You सर्वं = everything समाप्नोषि = You cover ततः = therefore असि = You are सर्वः = everything. सखा = friend इति = thus मत्वा = thinking प्रसभं = presumptuously यत् = whatever उक्तं = said हे कृष्ण = O KRiShNa हे यादव = O Yadava हे सखे = O my dear friend इति = thus अजानता = without knowing महिमानं = glories तव = Your इदं = this मया = by me प्रमादात् = out of foolishness प्रणयेन = out of love वापि = either यत् = whatever च = also अवहासार्थं = for joking असत्कृतः = dishonored असि = You have been विहार = in relaxation शय्या = in lying down आसन = in sitting भोजनेषु = or while eating together एकः = alone अथवा = or अपि = also अच्युत = O infallible one तत्समक्षं = among companions तत् = all those क्षामये = ask forgiveness त्वं = from You अहं = I अप्रमेयं = immeasurable. पिता = the father असि = You are लोकस्य = of all the world चर = moving अचरस्य = and nonmoving त्वं = You are अस्य = of this पूज्यः = worshipable च = also गुरुः = master गरीयान् = glorious न = never त्वत्समः = equal to You अस्ति = there is अभ्यधिकः = greater कुतः = how is it possible अन्यः = other लोकत्रये = in the three planetary systems अपि = also अप्रतिमप्रभाव = O immeasurable power. तस्मात् = therefore प्रणम्य = offering obeisances प्रणिधाय = laying down कायं = the body प्रसादये = to beg mercy त्वं = unto You अहं = I ईशं = unto the Supreme Lord इड्यं = worshipable पितेव = like a father पुत्रस्य = with a son सखैव = like a friend सख्युः = with a friend प्रियः = a lover प्रियायाः = with the dearmost अर्हसि = You should देव = my Lord सोढुं = tolerate. अदृष्टपूर्वं = never seen before हृषितः = gladdened अस्मि = I am दृष्ट्वा = by seeing भयेन = out of fear च = also प्रव्यथितं = perturbed मनः = mind मे = my तत् = that एव = certainly मे = unto me दर्शय = show देव = O Lord रूपं = the form प्रसीद = just be gracious देवेश = O Lord of lords जगन्निवास = O refuge of the universe. किरीटिनं = with helmet गदिनं = with club चक्रहस्तं = disc in hand इच्छामि = I wish त्वां = You द्रष्टुं = to see अहं = I तथैव = in that position तेनैव = in that रूपेण = form चतुर्भुजेन = four-handed सहस्रबाहो = O thousand-handed one भव = just become विश्वमूर्ते = O universal form. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said मया = by Me प्रसन्नेन = happily तव = unto you अर्जुन = O Arjuna इदं = this रूपं = form परं = transcendental दर्शितं = shown आत्मयोगात् = by My internal potency तेजोमयं = full of effulgence विश्वं = the entire universe अनन्तं = unlimited आद्यं = original यत् = that which मे = My त्वदन्येन = besides you न दृष्टपूर्वं = no one has previously seen. न = never वेदयज्ञ = by sacrifice अध्ययनैः = or Vedic study न = never दानैः = by charity न = never च = also क्रियाभिः = by pious activities न = never तपोभिः = by serious penances उग्रैः = severe एवं रूपः = in this form शक्यः = can अहं = I नृलोके = in this material world द्रष्टुं = be seen त्वत् = than you अन्येन = by another कुरुप्रवीर = O best among the Kuru warriors. मा = let it not be ते = unto you व्यथा = trouble मा = let it not be च = also विमूढभावः = bewilderment दृष्ट्वा = by seeing रूपं = form घोरं = horrible इदृक् = as it is मम = My इदं = this व्यपेतभीः = free from all fear प्रीतमनाः = pleased in mind पुनः = again त्वं = you तत् = that एव = thus मे = My रूपं = form इदं = this प्रपश्य = just see. सञ्जय उवाच = Sanjaya said इति = thus अर्जुनं = unto Arjuna वासुदेवाः = KRiShNa तथा = in that way उक्त्वा = speaking स्वकं = His own रूपं = form दर्शयामास = showed भूयः = again आश्वासयामास = encouraged च = also भीतं = fearful एनं = him भूत्वा = becoming पुनः = again सौम्यवपुः = the beautiful form महात्मा = the great one. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said दृष्ट्वा = seeing इदं = this मानुषं = human रूपं = form तव = Your सौम्यं = very beautiful जनार्दन = O chastiser of the enemies इदानीं = now अस्मि = I am संवृत्तः = settled सचेताः = in my consciousness प्रकृतिं = to my own nature गतः = returned. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said सुदुर्दर्शं = very difficult to see इदं = this रूपं = form दृष्टवानसि = as you have seen यत् = which मम = of Mine देवाः = the demigods अपि = also अस्य = this रूपस्य = form नित्यं = eternally दर्शनकाङ्क्षिणः = aspiring to see. न = never अहं = I वेदैः = by study of the Vedas न = never तपसा = by serious penances न = never दानेन = by charity न = never च = also इज्यया = by worship शक्यः = it is possible एवंविधाः = like this द्रष्टुं = to see दृष्टवान् = seeing असि = you are मां = Me यथा = as. भक्त्या = by devotional service तु = but अनन्यया = without being mixed with fruitive activities or speculative knowledge शक्यः = possible अहं = I एवंविधः = like this अर्जुन = O Arjuna ज्ञातुं = to know द्रष्टुं = to see च = and तत्त्वेन = in fact प्रवेष्टुं = to enter into च = also परन्तप = O mighty-armed one. मत्कर्मकृत् = engaged in doing My work मत्परमः = considering Me the Supreme मद्भक्तः = engaged in My devotional service संगवर्जितः = freed from the contamination of fruitive activities and mental speculation निर्वैरः = without an enemy सर्वभूतेषु = among all living entities यः = one who सः = he मां = unto Me एति = comes पाण्डव = O son of Pandu. End of 11.55

अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said एवं = thus सतत = always युक्तः = engaged ये = those who भक्ताः = devotees त्वां = You पर्युपासते = properly worship ये = those who च = also अपि = again अक्षरं = beyond the senses अव्यक्तं = the unmanifested तेषां = of them के = who योगवित्तमाः = the most perfect in knowledge of yoga. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said मयि = upon Me आवेश्य = fixing मनः = the mind ये = those who मां = Me नित्य = always युक्ताः = engaged उपासते = worship श्रद्धया = with faith परया = transcendental उपेतः = endowed ते = they मे = by Me युक्ततमाः = most perfect in yoga मताः = are considered. ये = those who तु = but अक्षरं = that which is beyond the perception of the senses अनिर्देश्यं = indefinite अव्यक्तं = unmanifested पर्युपासते = completely engage in worshiping सर्वत्रगं = all-pervading अचिन्त्यं = inconceivable च = also कूटस्थं = unchanging अचलं = immovable ध्रुवं = fixed सन्नियम्य = controlling इन्द्रियग्रामं = all the senses सर्वत्र = everywhere समबुद्धयः = equally disposed ते = they प्राप्नुवन्ति = achieve मां = Me एव = certainly सर्वभूतहिते = for the welfare of all living entities रताः = engaged. क्लेशः = trouble अधिकतरः = very much तेषां = of them अव्यक्त = to the unmanifested असक्त = attached चेतसां = of those whose minds अव्यक्ता = toward the unmanifested हि = certainly गतिः = progress दुःखं = with trouble देहवद्भिः = by the embodied अवाप्यते = is achieved. ये = those who तु = but सर्वाणि = all कर्माणि = activities मयि = unto Me संन्यस्य = giving up मत्पराः = being attached to Me अनन्येन = without division एव = certainly योगेन = by practice of such bhakti-yoga मां = upon Me ध्यायन्तः = meditating उपासते = worship तेषां = of them अहं = I समुद्धर्ता = the deliverer मृत्यु = of death संसार = in material existence सागरात् = from the ocean भवामि = I become न = not चिरात् = after a long time पार्थ = O son of Pritha मयि = upon Me आवेशित = fixed चेतसां = of those whose minds. मयि = upon Me एव = certainly मनः = mind आधत्स्व = fix मयि = upon Me बुद्धिं = intelligence निवेशय = apply निवसिष्यसि = you will live मयि = in Me एव = certainly अत ऊर्ध्वं = thereafter न = never संशयः = doubt. अथ = if, therefore चित्तं = mind समाधातुं = to fix न = not शक्नोषि = you are able मयि = upon Me स्थिरं = steadily अभ्यासयोगेन = by the practice of devotional service ततः = then मां = Me इच्छा = desire आप्तुं = to get धनञ्जय = O winner of wealth, Arjuna. अभ्यासे = in practice अपि = even if असमर्थः = unable असि = you are मत्कर्म = My work परमः = dedicated to भव = become मदर्थं = for My sake अपि = even कर्माणि = work कुर्वन् = performing सिद्धिं = perfection अवाप्स्यसि = you will achieve. अथ = even though एतत् = this अपि = also अशक्तः = unable असि = you are कर्तुं = to perform मत् = unto Me योगं = in devotional service आश्रितः = taking refuge सर्वकर्म = of all activities फल = of the results त्यागं = renunciation ततः = then कुरु = do यतात्मवान् = self-situated. श्रेयः = better हि = certainly ज्ञानं = knowledge अभ्यासात् = than practice ज्ञानात् = than knowledge ध्यानं = meditation विशिष्यते = is considered better ध्यानात् = than meditation कर्मफलत्यागः = renunciation of the results of fruitive action त्यागात् = by such renunciation शान्तिः = peace अनन्तरं = thereafter. अद्वेष्टा = nonenvious सर्वभूतानां = toward all living entities मैत्रः = friendly करुणः = kindly एव = certainly च = also निर्ममः = with no sense of proprietorship निरहङ्कारः = without false ego सम = equal दुःख = in distress सुखः = and happiness क्षमी = forgiving सन्तुष्टः = satisfied सततं = always योगी = one engaged in devotion यतात्म = self-controlled दृढनिश्चयः = with determination मयि = upon Me अर्पित = engaged मनः = mind बुद्धिः = and intelligence यः = one who मद्भक्तः = My devotee सः = he मे = to Me प्रियः = dear. यस्मात् = from whom न = never उद्विजते = are agitated लोकः = people लोकात् = from people न = never उद्विजते = is disturbed च = also यः = anyone who हर्ष = from happiness अमर्ष = distress भय = fear उद्वेगैः = and anxiety मुक्तः = freed यः = who सः = anyone च = also मे = to Me प्रियः = very dear. अनपेक्षः = neutral शुचिः = pure दक्षः = expert उदासीनः = free from care गतव्यथाः = freed from all distress सर्वारम्भ = of all endeavors परित्यागी = renouncer यः = anyone who मद्भक्तः = My devotee सः = he मे = to Me प्रियः = very dear. यः = one who न = never हृष्यति = takes pleasure न = never द्वेष्टि = grieves न = never शोचति = laments न = never काङ्क्षति = desires शुभ = of the auspicious अशुभ = and the inauspicious परित्यागी = renouncer भक्तिमान् = devotee यः = one who सः = he is मे = to Me प्रियः = dear. समः = equal शत्रौ = to an enemy च = also मित्रे = to a friend च = also तथा = so मान = in honor अपमानयोः = and dishonor शीत = in cold उष्ण = heat सुख = happiness दुःखेषु = and distress समः = equipoised सङ्गविवर्जितः = free from all association तुल्य = equal निन्दा = in defamation स्तुतिः = and repute मौनि = silent सन्तुष्टः = satisfied येनकेनचित् = with anything अनिकेतः = having no residence स्थिर = fixed मतिः = determination भक्तिमान् = engaged in devotion मे = to Me प्रियः = dear नरः = a man. ये = those who तु = but धर्म = of religion अमृतं = nectar इदं = this यथा = as उक्तं = said पर्युपासते = completely engage श्रद्दधानाः = with faith मत्परमाः = taking Me, the Supreme Lord, as everything भक्तः = devotees ते = they अतीव = very, very मे = to Me प्रियः = dear. End of 12.20

अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said प्रकृतिं = nature पुरुषं = the enjoyer च = also एव = certainly क्षेत्रं = the field क्षेत्रज्ञं = the knower of the field एव = certainly च = also एतत् = all this वेदितुं = to understand इच्छामि = I wish ज्ञानं = knowledge ज्ञेयं = the object of knowledge च = also केशव = O KRiShNa श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Personality of Godhead said इदं = this शरीरं = body कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti क्षेत्रं = the field इति = thus अभिधीयते = is called एतत् = this यः = one who वेत्ति = knows तं = he प्राहुः = is called क्षेत्रज्ञः = the knower of the field इति = thus तत्विदः = by those who know this. क्षेत्रज्ञं = the knower of the field च = also अपि = certainly मां = Me विद्धि = know सर्व = all क्षेत्रेषु = in bodily fields भारत = O son of Bharata क्षेत्र = the field of activities (the body) क्षेत्रज्ञयोः = and the knower of the field ज्ञानं = knowledge of यत् = that which तत् = that ज्ञानं = knowledge मतं = opinion मम = My. तत् = that क्षेत्रं = field of activities यत् = what च = also यादृक् = as it is च = also यत् = having what विकारि = changes यतः = from which च = also यत् = what सः = he च = also यः = who यत् = having what प्रभावः = influence च = also तत् = that समासेन = in summary मे = from Me श‍ृणु = understand. ऋषिभिः = by the wise sages बहुधा = in many ways गीतं = described छन्दोभिः = by Vedic hymns विविधैः = various पृथक् = variously ब्रह्मसूत्र = of the Vedanta पदैः = by the aphorisms च = also एव = certainly हेतुमद्भिः = with cause and effect विनिश्चितैः = certain. महाभूतानी = the great elements अहङ्कारः = false ego बुद्धिः = intelligence अव्यक्तं = the unmanifested एव = certainly च = also इन्द्रियाणि = the senses दशैकं = eleven च = also पञ्च = five च = also इन्द्रियगोचराः = the objects of the senses इच्छा = desire द्वेषः = hatred सुखं = happiness दुःखं = distress सङ्घातः = the aggregate चेतना = living symptoms धृतिः = conviction एतत् = all this क्षेत्रं = the field of activities समासेन = in summary सविकारं = with interactions उदाहृतं = exemplified. अमानित्वं = humility अदम्भित्वं = pridelessness अहिंसा = nonviolence क्षन्तिः = tolerance आर्जवं = simplicity आचार्योपासनं = approaching a bona fide spiritual master शौचं = cleanliness स्थैर्यं = steadfastness आत्मविनिग्रहः = self-control इन्द्रियार्थेषु = in the matter of the senses वैराग्यं = renunciation अनहङ्कारः = being without false egoism एव = certainly च = also जन्म = of birth मृत्यु = death जरा = old age व्याधि = and disease दुःख = of the distress दोष = the fault अनुदर्शनं = observing असक्तिः = being without attachment अनभिश्वङ्गः = being without association पुत्र = for son दारा = wife गृहादिषु = home, etc. नित्यं = constant च = also समचित्तत्वं = equilibrium इष्ट = the desirable अनिष्ट = and undesirable उपपत्तिषु = having obtained मयि = unto Me च = also अनन्ययोगेन = by unalloyed devotional service भक्तिः = devotion अव्यभिचारिणी = without any break विविक्त = to solitary देश = places सेवित्वं = aspiring अरतिः = being without attachment जनसंसदि = to people in general अध्यात्म = pertaining to the self ज्ञान = in knowledge नित्यत्वं = constancy तत्त्वज्ञान = of knowledge of the truth अर्थ = for the object दर्शनं = philosophy एतत् = all this ज्ञानं = knowledge इति = thus प्रोक्तं = declared अज्ञानं = ignorance यत् = that which अतः = from this अन्यथा = other. ज्ञेयं = the knowable यत् = which तत् = that प्रवक्ष्यामि = I shall now explain यत् = which ज्ञात्वा = knowing अमृतं = nectar अश्नुते = one tastes अनादि = beginningless मत्परं = subordinate to Me ब्रह्म = spirit न = neither सत् = cause तत् = that न = nor असत् = effect उच्यते = is said to be. सर्वतः = everywhere पाणि = hands पदं = legs तत् = that सर्वतः = everywhere अक्षि = eyes शिरः = heads मुखं = faces सर्वतः = everywhere श्रुतिमत् = having ears लोके = in the world सर्वं = everything आवृत्य = covering तिष्ठति = exists. सर्व = of all इन्द्रिय = senses गुण = of the qualities आभासं = the original source सर्व = all इन्द्रिय = senses विवर्जितं = being without असक्तं = without attachment सर्वभृत् = the maintainer of everyone च = also एव = certainly निर्गुणं = without material qualities गुणभोक्तृ = master of the gunas च = also. बहिः = outside अन्तः = inside च = also भूतानां = of all living entities अचरं = not moving चरं = moving एव = also च = and सूक्ष्मत्वात् = on account of being subtle तत् = that अविज्ञेयं = unknowable दूरस्थं = far away च = also अन्तिके = near च = and तत् = that. अविभक्तं = without division च = also भूतेषु = in all living beings विभक्तं = divided इव = as if च = also स्थितं = situated भूतभर्तृ = the maintainer of all living entities च = also तत् = that ज्ञेयं = to be understood ग्रसिष्णु = devouring प्रभविष्णु = developing च = also. ज्योतीषां = in all luminous objects अपि = also तत् = that ज्योतिः = the source of light तमसः = the darkness परं = beyond उच्यते = is said ज्ञानं = knowledge ज्ञेयं = to be known ज्ञानगम्यं = to be approached by knowledge हृदि = in the heart सर्वस्य = of everyone विष्ठितं = situated. इति = thus क्षेत्रं = the field of activities (the body) तथा = also ज्ञानं = knowledge ज्ञेयं = the knowable च = also उक्तं = described समासतः = in summary मद्भक्तः = My devotee एतत् = all this विज्ञाय = after understanding मद्भावाय = to My nature उपपद्यते = attains. प्रकृतिं = material nature पुरुषं = the living entities च = also एव = certainly विद्धि = you must know अनादि = without beginning उभौ = both अपि = also विकारान् = transformations च = also गुणान् = the three modes of nature च = also एव = certainly विद्धि = know प्रकृति = material nature सम्भवान् = produced of. कार्य = of effect कारण = and cause कर्तृत्वे = in the matter of creation हेतुः = the instrument प्रकृतिः = material nature उच्यते = is said to be पुरुषः = the living entity सुख = of happiness दुःखानां = and distress भोक्तृत्वे = in enjoyment हेतुः = the instrument उच्यते = is said to be. पुरुषः = the living entity प्रकृतिस्थः = being situated in the material energy हि = certainly भुङ्क्ते = enjoys प्रकृतिजान् = produced by the material nature गुणान् = the modes of nature करणं = the cause गुणसङ्गः = the association with the modes of nature अस्य = of the living entity सदसत् = in good and bad योनि = species of life जन्मसु = in births. उपद्रष्टा = overseer अनुमन्ता = permitter च = also भर्ता = master भोक्ता = supreme enjoyer महेश्वरः = the Supreme Lord परमात्म = the Supersoul इति = also च = and अपि = indeed उक्तः = is said देहे = in the body अस्मिन् = this पुरुषः = enjoyer परः = transcendental. यः = anyone who एवं = thus वेत्ति = understands पुरुषं = the living entity प्रकृतिं = material nature च = and गुणैः = the modes of material nature सह = with सर्वथा = in all ways वर्तमानः = being situated अपि = in spite of न = never सः = he भूयः = again अभिजायते = takes his birth. ध्यानेन = by meditation आत्मनि = within the self पश्यन्ति = see केचित् = some आत्मानं = the Supersoul आत्मना = by the mind अन्ये = others साङ्ख्येन = of philosophical discussion योगेन = by the yoga system कर्मयोगेण = by activities without fruitive desire च = also अपरे = others. अन्ये = others तु = but एवं = thus अजानन्तः = without spiritual knowledge श्रुत्वा = by hearing अन्येभ्यः = from others उपासते = begin to worship ते = they अपि = also च = and अतितरन्ति = transcend एव = certainly मृत्युं = the path of death श्रुतिपरायणाः = inclined to the process of hearing. यावत् = whatever सञ्जायते = comes into being किञ्चित् = anything सत्त्वं = existence स्थावर = not moving जङ्गमं = moving क्षेत्र = of the body क्षेत्रज्ञ = and the knower of the body संयोगात् = by the union between तद्विद्धि = you must know it भरतर्षभ = O chief of the Bharatas. समं = equally सर्वेषु = in all भूतेषु = living entities तिष्ठन्तं = residing परमेश्वरं = the Supersoul विनश्यत्सु = in the destructible अविनश्यन्तं = not destroyed यः = anyone who पश्यति = sees सः = he पश्यति = actually sees. समं = equally पश्यन् = seeing हि = certainly सर्वत्र = everywhere समवस्थितं = equally situated ईश्वरं = the Supersoul न = does not हिनस्ति = degrade आत्मना = by the mind आत्मानं = the soul ततः = then याति = reaches परां = the transcendental गतिं = destination. प्रकृत्या = by material nature एव = certainly च = also कर्माणि = activities क्रियमाणानि = being performed सर्वशः = in all respects यः = anyone who पश्यति = sees तथा = also आत्मानं = himself अकर्तारं = the nondoer सः = he पश्यति = sees perfectly. यदा = when भूत = of living entities पृथग्भावं = separated identities एकस्थं = situated in one अनुपश्यति = one tries to see through authority ततः एव = thereafter च = also विस्तारं = the expansion ब्रह्म = the Absolute सम्पद्यते = he attains तदा = at that time. अनादित्वात् = due to eternity निर्गुणत्वात् = due to being transcendental परम = beyond material nature आत्मा = spirit अयं = this अव्ययः = inexhaustible शरीरस्थः = dwelling in the body अपि = though कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti न करोति = never does anything न लिप्यते = nor is he entangled. यथा = as सर्वगतं = all-pervading सौक्ष्म्यात् = due to being subtle आकाशं = the sky न = never उपलिप्यते = mixes सर्वत्र = everywhere अवस्थितः = situated देहे = in the body तथा = so आत्मा = the self न = never उपलिप्यते = mixes. यथा = as प्रकाशयति = illuminates एकः = one कृत्स्नं = the whole लोकं = universe इमं = this रविः = sun क्षेत्रं = this body क्षेत्री = the soul तथा = similarly कृत्स्नं = all प्रकाशयति = illuminates भारत = O son of Bharata. क्षेत्र = of the body क्षेत्रज्ञयोः = of the proprietor of the body एवं = thus अन्तरं = the difference ज्ञानचक्षुषा = by the vision of knowledge भूत = of the living entity प्रकृति = from material nature मोक्षं = the liberation च = also ये = those who विदुः = know यान्ति = approach ते = they परं = the Supreme. End of 13.35

श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said परं = transcendental भूयः = again प्रवक्ष्यामि = I shall speak ज्ञानानां = of all knowledge ज्ञानं = knowledge उत्तमं = the supreme यत् = which ज्ञात्वा = knowing मुनयः = the sages सर्वे = all परं = transcendental सिद्धिं = perfection इतः = from this world गताः = attained. इदं = this ज्ञानं = knowledge उपाश्रित्य = taking shelter of मम = My साधर्म्यं = same nature आगतः = having attained सर्गेऽपि = even in the creation न = never उपजायन्ते = are born प्रलये = in the annihilation न = nor व्यथन्ति = are disturbed च = also. मम = My योनिः = source of birth महत् = the total material existence ब्रह्म = supreme तस्मिन् = in that गर्भं = pregnancy दधामि = create अहं = I सम्भवः = the possibility सर्वभूतानां = of all living entities ततः = thereafter भवति = becomes भारत = O son of Bharata. सर्वयोनिषु = in all species of life कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti मूर्तयः = forms सम्भवन्ति = they appear यः = which तासां = of all of them ब्रह्म = the supreme महद्योनिः = source of birth in the material substance अहं = I बीजप्रदः = the seed-giving पिता = father. सत्त्वं = the mode of goodness रजः = the mode of passion तमः = the mode of ignorance इति = thus गुणाः = the qualities प्रकृति = material nature सम्भवाः = produced of निबध्नन्ति = do condition महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one देहे = in this body देहीनं = the living entity अव्ययं = eternal. तत्र = there सत्त्वं = the mode of goodness निर्मलत्वात् = being purest in the material world प्रकाशकं = illuminating अनामयं = without any sinful reaction सुख = with happiness सङ्गेन = by association बध्नाति = conditions ज्ञान = with knowledge सङ्गेन = by association च = also अनघ = O sinless one. रजः = the mode of passion रागात्मकं = born of desire or lust विद्धि = know तृष्णा = with hankering सङ्ग = association समुद्भवं = produced of तत् = that निबध्नाति = binds कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti कर्मसङ्गेन = by association with fruitive activity देहिनं = the embodied. तमः = the mode of ignorance तु = but अज्ञानजं = produced of ignorance विद्धि = know मोहनं = the delusion सर्वदेहिनां = of all embodied beings प्रमाद = with madness अलस्य = indolence निद्राभिः = and sleep तत् = that निबध्नाति = binds भारत = O son of Bharata. सत्त्वं = the mode of goodness सुखे = in happiness सञ्जयति = binds रजः = the mode of passion कर्माणि = in fruitive activity भारत = O son of Bharata ज्ञानं = knowledge आवृत्य = covering तु = but तमः = the mode of ignorance प्रमादे = in madness सञ्जयति = binds उत = it is said. रजः = the mode of passion तमः = the mode of ignorance च = also अभिभूय = surpassing सत्त्वं = the mode of goodness भवति = becomes prominent भारत = O son of Bharata रजः = the mode of passion सत्त्वं = the mode of goodness तमः = the mode of ignorance च = also एव = like that तमः = the mode of ignorance सत्त्वं = the mode of goodness रजः = the mode of passion तथा = thus. सर्वद्वारेषु = in all the gates देहेऽस्मिन् = in this body प्रकाशः = the quality of illumination उपजायते = develops ज्ञानं = knowledge यदा = when तदा = at that time विद्यात् = know विवृद्धं = increased सत्त्वं = the mode of goodness इत्युत = thus it is said. लोभः = greed प्रवृत्तिः = activity आरम्भः = endeavor कर्मणां = in activities अशमः = uncontrollable स्पृहा = desire रजसि = of the mode of passion एतानि = all these जायन्ते = develop विवृद्धे = when there is an excess भरतर्षभ = O chief of the descendants of Bharata. अप्रकाशः = darkness अप्रवृत्तिः = inactivity च = and प्रमादः = madness मोहः = illusion एव = certainly च = also तमसि = the mode of ignorance एतानि = these जायन्ते = are manifested विवृद्धे = when developed कुरुनन्दन = O son of Kuru. यदा = when सत्त्वे = the mode of goodness प्रवृद्धे = developed तु = but प्रलयं = dissolution याति = goes देहभृत् = the embodied तदा = at that time उत्तमविदां = of the great sages लोकान् = the planets अमलान् = pure प्रतिपद्यते = attains. रजसि = in passion प्रलयं = dissolution गत्वा = attaining कर्मसङ्गिषु = in the association of those engaged in fruitive activities जायते = takes birth तथा = similarly प्रलीनः = being dissolved तमसि = in ignorance मूढयोनिषु = in animal species जायते = takes birth. कर्मणः = of work सुकृतस्य = pious आहुः = is said सात्त्विकं = in the mode of goodness निर्मलं = purified फलं = the result रजसः = of the mode of passion तु = but फलं = the result दुःखं = misery अज्ञानं = nonsense तमसः = of the mode of ignorance फलं = the result. सत्त्वात् = from the mode of goodness सञ्जायते = develops ज्ञानं = knowledge रजसः = from the mode of passion लोभः = greed एव = certainly च = also प्रमाद = madness मोहौ = and illusion तमसः = from the mode of ignorance भवतः = develop अज्ञानं = nonsense एव = certainly च = also. ऊर्ध्वं = upwards गच्छन्ति = go सत्त्वस्थाः = those situated in the mode of goodness मध्ये = in the middle तिष्ठन्ति = dwell राजसाः = those situated in the mode of passion जघन्य = of abominable गुण = quality वृत्तिस्थाः = whose occupation अधः = down गच्छन्ति = go तामसाः = persons in the mode of ignorance. न = no अन्यं = other गुणेभ्यः = than the qualities कर्तारं = performer यदा = when द्रष्टा = a seer अनुपश्यति = sees properly गुणेभ्यः = to the modes of nature च = and परं = transcendental वेत्ति = knows मद्भावं = to My spiritual nature सः = he अधिगच्छति = is promoted. गुणान् = qualities एतान् = all these अतीत्य = transcending त्रीन् = three देही = the embodied देह = the body समुद्भवान् = produced of जन्म = of birth मृत्यु = death जरा = and old age दुःखैः = the distresses विमुक्तः = being freed from अमृतं = nectar अश्नुते = he enjoys. अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said कैः = by which लिङ्गैः = symptoms त्रीन् = three गुणान् = qualities एतान् = all these अतीतः = having transcended भवति = is प्रभो = O my Lord किं = what आचारः = behavior कथं = how च = also एतान् = these त्रीन् = three गुणान् = qualities अतिवर्तते = transcends. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said प्रकाशं = illumination च = and प्रवृत्तिं = attachment च = and मोहं = illusion एव च = also पाण्डव = O son of Pandu न द्वेष्टि = does not hate सम्प्रवृत्तानि = although developed न निवृत्तानि = nor stopping development काङ्क्षति = desires उदासीनवत् = as if neutral आसीनः = situated गुणैः = by the qualities यः = one who न = never विचाल्यते = is agitated गुणाः = the qualities वर्तन्ते = are acting इत्येवं = knowing thus यः = one who अवतिष्ठति = remains न = never इङ्गते = flickers सम = equal दुःख = in distress सुखः = and happiness स्वस्थः = being situated in himself सम = equally लोष्ट = a lump of earth अश्म = stone काञ्चनः = gold तुल्य = equally disposed प्रिय = to the dear अप्रियः = and the undesirable धीरः = steady तुल्य = equal निन्दा = in defamation आत्मसंस्तुतिः = and praise of himself मान = in honor अपमानयोः = and dishonor तुल्यः = equal तुल्यः = equal मित्र = of friends अरि = and enemies पक्षयोः = to the parties सर्व = of all आरम्भ = endeavors परित्यागी = renouncer गुणातीतः = transcendental to the material modes of nature सः = he उच्यते = is said to be. मां = unto Me च = also यः = a person who अव्यभिचारेण = without fail भक्तियोगेन = by devotional service सेवते = renders service सः = he गुणान् = the modes of material nature समतित्य = transcending एतान् = all these ब्रह्मभुयाय = elevated to the Brahman platform कल्पते = becomes. ब्रह्मणः = of the impersonal brahmajyoti हि = certainly प्रतिष्ठा = the rest अहं = I am अमृतस्य = of the immortal अव्ययस्य = of the imperishable च = also शाश्वतस्य = of the eternal च = and धर्मस्य = of the constitutional position सुखस्य = of happiness ऐकान्तिकस्य = ultimate च = also. End of 14.27

श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said ऊर्ध्वमूलं = with roots above अधः = downwards शाखं = branches अश्वत्थं = a banyan tree प्राहुः = is said अव्ययं = eternal छन्दांसि = the Vedic hymns यस्य = of which पर्णानि = the leaves यः = anyone who तं = that वेद = knows सः = he वेदवित् = the knower of the Vedas. अधः = downward च = and ऊर्ध्वं = upward प्रसृताः = extended तस्य = its शाखाः = branches गुण = by the modes of material nature प्रवृद्धाः = developed विषय = sense objects प्रवालाः = twigs अधः = downward च = and मूलानि = roots अनुसन्ततानि = extended कर्म = to work अनुबन्धीनि = bound मनुष्यलोके = in the world of human society. न = not रूपं = the form अस्य = of this tree इह = in this world तथा = also उपलभ्यते = can be perceived न = never अन्तः = end न = never च = also आदिः = beginning न = never च = also सम्प्रतिष्ठा = the foundation अश्वत्थं = banyan tree एनं = this सुविरूढ = strongly मूलं = rooted असङ्गशस्त्रेण = by the weapon of detachment दृढेन = strong छित्त्व = cutting ततः = thereafter पदं = situation तत् = that परिमार्गितव्यं = has to be searched out यस्मिन् = where गताः = going न = never निवर्तन्ति = they come back भूयः = again तं = to Him एव = certainly च = also आद्यं = original पुरुषं = the Personality of Godhead प्रपद्ये = surrender यतः = from whom प्रवृत्तिः = the beginning प्रसृता = extended पुराणी = very old. निः = without मान = false prestige मोहः = and illusion जित = having conquered सङ्ग = of association दोषाः = the faults अध्यात्म = in spiritual knowledge नित्याः = in eternity विनिवृत्त = disassociated कामाः = from lust द्वन्द्वैः = from the dualities विमुक्तः = liberated सुखदुःख = happiness and distress संज्ञैः = named गच्छन्ति = attain अमूढाः = unbewildered पदं = situation अव्ययं = eternal तत् = that. न = not तत् = that भासयते = illuminates सूर्यः = the sun न = nor शशाङ्कः = the moon न = nor पावकः = fire, electricity यत् = where गत्वा = going न = never निवर्तन्ते = they come back तद्धाम = that abode परमं = supreme मम = My. मम = My एव = certainly अंशः = fragmental particle जीवलोके = in the world of conditional life जीवभूतः = the conditioned living entity सनातनः = eternal मनः = with the mind षष्ठाणि = the six इन्द्रियाणि = senses प्रकृति = in material nature स्थानि = situated कर्षति = is struggling hard. शरीरं = the body यत् = as अवाप्नोति = gets यत् = as चापि = also उत्क्रामति = gives up ईश्वरः = the lord of the body गृहीत्वा = taking एतानि = all these संयाति = goes away वायुः = the air गन्धान् = smells इव = like अशयात् = from their source. श्रोत्रं = ears चक्षुः = eyes स्पर्शनं = touch च = also रसनं = tongue घ्राणं = smelling power एव = also च = and अधिष्ठाय = being situated in मनः = mind च = also अयं = he विषयान् = sense objects उपसेवते = enjoys. उत्क्रामन्तं = quitting the body स्थितं = situated in the body वापि = either भुञ्जानं = enjoying वा = or गुणान्वितं = under the spell of the modes of material nature विमूढाः = foolish persons न = never अनुपश्यन्ति = can see पश्यन्ति = can see ज्ञानचक्षुषः = those who have the eyes of knowledge. यतन्तः = endeavoring योगिनः = transcendentalists च = also एनं = this पश्यन्ति = can see आत्मनि = in the self अवस्थितं = situated यतन्तः = endeavoring अपि = although अकृतात्मानः = those without self-realization न = do not एनं = this पश्यन्ति = see अचेतसः = having undeveloped minds. यत् = that which आदित्यगतं = in the sunshine तेजः = splendor जगत् = the whole world भासयते = illuminates अखिलं = entirely यत् = that which चन्द्रमसि = in the moon यत् = that which च = also अग्नौ = in fire तत् = that तेजः = splendor विद्धि = understand मामकं = from Me. गां = the planets आविश्य = entering च = also भूतानी = the living entities धारयामि = sustain अहं = I ओजसा = by My energy पुष्णामि = am nourishing च = and औषधीः = vegetables सर्वाः = all सोमः = the moon भूत्वा = becoming रसात्मकः = supplying the juice. अहं = I वैश्वानरः = My plenary portion as the digesting fire भूत्वा = becoming प्राणिनां = of all living entities देहं = in the bodies आश्रितः = situated प्राण = the outgoing air अपान = the down-going air समायुक्तः = keeping in balance पचामि = I digest अन्नं = foodstuff चतुर्विधं = the four kinds. सर्वस्य = of all living beings च = and अहं = I हृदि = in the heart सन्निविष्टः = situated मत्तः = from Me स्मृतिः = remembrance ज्ञानं = knowledge अपोहनं = forgetfulness च = and वेदैः = by the Vedas च = also सर्वैः = all अहं = I am एव = certainly वेद्यः = knowable वेदान्तकृत् = the compiler of the Vedanta वेदवित् = the knower of the Vedas एव = certainly च = and अहं = I. द्वौ = two इमौ = these पुरुषौ = living entities लोके = in the world क्षरः = fallible च = and अक्षरः = infallible एव = certainly च = and क्षरः = fallible सर्वाणि = all भूतानी = living entities कूटस्थः = in oneness अक्षरः = infallible उच्यते = is said. उत्तमः = the best पुरुषः = personality तु = but अन्यः = another परम = the supreme आत्मा = self इति = thus उदाहृतः = is said यः = who लोक = of the universe त्रयं = the three divisions आविश्य = entering बिभर्ति = is maintaining अव्ययः = inexhaustible ईश्वरः = the Lord. यस्मात् = because क्षरं = to the fallible अतीतः = transcendental अहं = I am अक्षरात् = beyond the infallible अपि = also च = and उत्तमः = the best अतः = therefore अस्मि = I am लोके = in the world वेदे = in the Vedic literature च = and प्रथितः = celebrated पुरुषोत्तमः = as the Supreme Personality. यः = anyone who मां = Me एवं = thus असम्मूढः = without a doubt जानाति = knows पुरुषोत्तमं = the Supreme Personality of Godhead सः = he सर्ववित् = the knower of everything भजति = renders devotional service मां = unto Me सर्वभावेन = in all respects भारत = O son of Bharata. इति = thus गुह्यतमं = the most confidential शास्त्रं = revealed scripture इदं = this उक्तं = disclosed मया = by Me अनघ = O sinless one एतत् = this बुद्ध्वा = understanding बुद्धिमान् = intelligent स्यात् = one becomes कृतकृत्यः = the most perfect in his endeavors च = and भारत = O son of Bharata. End of 15.20

श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said अभयं = fearlessness सत्त्वसंशुद्धिः = purification of one's existence ज्ञान = in knowledge योग = of linking up व्यवस्थितिः = the situation दानं = charity दमः = controlling the mind च = and यज्ञः = performance of sacrifice च = and स्वाध्यायः = study of Vedic literature तपः = austerity आर्जवं = simplicity अहिंसा = nonviolence सत्यं = truthfulness अक्रोधः = freedom from anger त्यागः = renunciation शान्तिः = tranquillity अपैशुनं = aversion to fault-finding दया = mercy भूतेषु = towards all living entities अलोलुप्त्वं = freedom from greed मार्दवं = gentleness ह्रीः = modesty अचापलं = determination तेजः = vigor क्षमा = forgiveness धृतिः = fortitude शौचं = cleanliness अद्रोहः = freedom from envy न = not अति मानिता = expectation of honor भवन्ति = are सम्पदं = the qualities दैवीं = the transcendental nature अभिजातस्य = of one who is born of भारत = O son of Bharata. दम्भः = pride दर्पः = arrogance अभिमनः = conceit च = and क्रोधः = anger पारुष्यं = harshness एव = certainly च = and अज्ञानं = ignorance च = and अभिजातस्य = of one who is born of पार्थ = O son of Pritha सम्पदं = the qualities आसुरीं = the demoniac nature. दैवी = transcendental सम्पत् = assets विमोक्षाय = meant for liberation निबन्धाय = for bondage आसुरी = demoniac qualities मता = are considered मा = do not शुचः = worry सम्पदं = assets दैवीं = transcendental अभिजातः = born of असि = you are पाण्डव = O son of Pandu. द्वौ = two भूतसर्गौ = created living beings लोके = in the world अस्मिन् = this दैवः = godly आसुरः = demoniac एव = certainly च = and दैवः = the divine विस्तरशः = at great length प्रोक्तः = said आसुरं = the demoniac पार्थ = O son of Pritha मे = from Me श‍ृणु = just hear. प्रवृत्तिं = acting properly च = also निवृत्तिं = not acting improperly च = and जनाः = persons न = never विदुः = know आसुरः = of demoniac quality न = never शौचं = cleanliness न = nor अपि = also च = and आचारः = behavior न = never सत्यं = truth तेषु = in them विद्यते = there is. असत्यं = unreal अप्रतिष्ठं = without foundation ते = they जगत् = the cosmic manifestation आहुः = say अनीश्वरं = with no controller अपरस्पर = without cause सम्भूतं = arisen kim अन्यत् = there is no other cause कामहैतुकं = it is due to lust only. एतां = this दृष्टिं = vision अवष्टभ्य = accepting नष्ट = having lost आत्मनः = themselves अल्पबुद्धयः = the less intelligent प्रभवन्ति = flourish उग्रकर्माणः = engaged in painful activities क्षयाय = for destruction जगतः = of the world अहिताः = unbeneficial. कामं = lust आश्रित्य = taking shelter of दुष्पूरं = insatiable दम्भ = of pride मन = and false prestige मदान्विताः = absorbed in the conceit मोहात् = by illusion गृहीत्वा = taking असत् = nonpermanent ग्राहान् = things प्रवर्तन्ते = they flourish अशुचि = to the unclean व्रताः = avowed. चिन्तां = fears and anxieties अपरिमेयं = immeasurable च = and प्रलयान्तां = unto the point of death उपाश्रिताः = having taken shelter of कामोपभोग = sense gratification परमाः = the highest goal of life एतावत् = thus इति = in this way निश्चिताः = having ascertained आशापाश = entanglements in a network of hope शतैः = by hundreds बद्धाः = being bound काम = of lust क्रोध = and anger परायणाः = always situated in the mentality ईहन्ते = they desire काम = lust भोग = sense enjoyment अर्थं = for the purpose of अन्यायेन = illegally अर्थ = of wealth सञ्चयान् = accumulation. इदं = this अद्य = today मया = by me लब्धं = gained इमं = this प्राप्स्ये = I shall gain मनोरथं = according to my desires इदं = this अस्ति = there is इदं = this अपि = also मे = mine भविष्यति = it will increase in the future पुनः = again धनं = wealth असौ = that मया = by me हतः = has been killed शत्रुः = enemy हनिष्ये = I shall kill च = also अपरान् = others अपि = certainly ईश्वरः = the lord अहं = I am अहं = I am भोगी = the enjoyer सिद्धः = perfect अहं = I am बलवान् = powerful सुखी = happy आढ्यः = wealthy अभिजनवान् = surrounded by aristocratic relatives अस्मि = I am कः = who अन्यः = other अस्ति = there is सदृशः = like मया = me यक्ष्ये = I shall sacrifice दास्यामि = I shall give charity मोदिष्ये = I shall rejoice इति = thus अज्ञान = by ignorance विमोहिताः = deluded. अनेक = numerous चित्त = by anxieties विभ्रान्ताः = perplexed मोह = of illusions जाल = by a network समावृतः = surrounded प्रसक्ताः = attached कामभोगेषु = to sense gratification पतन्ति = they glide down नरके = into hell अशुचौ = unclean. आत्मासम्भविताः = self-complacent स्तब्धः = impudent धनमान = of wealth and false prestige मद = in the delusion अन्विताः = absorbed यजन्ते = they perform sacrifice नाम = in name only यज्ञैः = with sacrifices ते = they दम्भेन = out of pride अविधिपूर्वकं = without following any rules and regulations. अहङ्कारं = false ego बलं = strength दर्पं = pride कामं = lust क्रोधं = anger च = also संश्रिताः = having taken shelter of मां = Me आत्म = in their own पर = and in other देहेषु = bodies प्रद्विषन्तः = blaspheming अभ्यसूयकाः = envious. तान् = those अहं = I द्विषतः = envious क्रूरान् = mischievous संसारेषु = into the ocean of material existence नराधमान् = the lowest of mankind क्षिपामि = I put अजस्रं = forever अशुभान् = inauspicious आसुरीषु = demoniac एव = certainly योनिषु = into the wombs. आसुरीं = demoniac योनिं = species आपन्नाः = gaining मूढाः = the foolish जन्मनि जन्मनि = in birth after birth मां = Me अप्राप्य = without achieving एव = certainly कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti ततः = thereafter यान्ति = go अधमां = condemned गतिं = destination. त्रिविधं = of three kinds नरकस्य = of hell इदं = this द्वारं = gate नाशनं = destructive आत्मनः = of the self कामः = lust क्रोधः = anger तथा = as well as लोभः = greed तस्मात् = therefore एतत् = these त्रयं = three त्यजेत् = one must give up. एतैः = from these विमुक्तः = being liberated कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti तमोद्वारैः = from the gates of ignorance त्रिभिः = of three kinds नरः = a person आचरति = performs आत्मनः = for the self श्रेयः = benediction ततः = thereafter याति = he goes परां = to the supreme गतिं = destination. यः = anyone who शास्त्रविधिं = the regulations of the scriptures उत्सृज्य = giving up वर्तते = remains कामकारतः = acting whimsically in lust न = never सः = he सिद्धिं = perfection अवाप्नोति = achieves न = never सुखं = happiness न = never परां = the supreme गतिं = perfectional stage. तस्मात् = therefore शास्त्रं = the scriptures प्रमाणं = evidence ते = your कार्य = duty अकार्य = and forbidden activities व्यवस्थितौ = in determining ज्ञात्वा = knowing शास्त्र = of scripture विधान = the regulations उक्तं = as declared कर्म = work कर्तुं = do इह = in this world अर्हसि = you should. End of 16.24

अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said ये = those who शास्त्रविधिं = the regulations of scripture उत्सृज्य = giving up यजन्ते = worship श्रद्धया = full faith अन्विताः = possessed of तेषां = of them निष्ठा = the faith तु = but का = what कृष्ण = O KRiShNa सत्त्वं = in goodness आहो = or else रजः = in passion तमः = in ignorance. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said त्रिविधा = of three kinds भवति = becomes श्रद्धा = the faith देहिनां = of the embodied सा = that स्वभावजा = according to his mode of material nature सात्त्विकी = in the mode of goodness राजसी = in the mode of passion च = also एव = certainly तामसी = in the mode of ignorance च = and इति = thus तां = that श‍ृणु = hear from Me. सत्त्वानुरूपा = according to the existence सर्वस्य = of everyone श्रद्धा = faith भवति = becomes भारत = O son of Bharata श्रद्धा = faith मयः = full of अयं = this पुरुषः = living entity यः = who यत् = having which श्रद्धः = faith सः = thus एव = certainly सः = he. यजन्ते = worship सात्त्विकाः = those who are in the mode of goodness देवान् = demigods यक्षरक्षांसि = demons राजसाः = those who are in the mode of passion प्रेतान् = spirits of the dead भूतगणान् = ghosts च = and अन्ये = others यजन्ते = worship तामसाः = in the mode of ignorance जनाः = people. अशास्त्र = not in the scriptures विहितं = directed घोरं = harmful to others तप्यन्ते = undergo ये = those who तपः = austerities जनाः = persons दम्भ = with pride अहङ्कार = and egoism संयुक्ताः = engaged काम = of lust राग = and attachment बल = by the force अन्विताः = impelled कर्षयन्तः = tormenting शरीरस्थं = situated within the body भूतग्रामं = the combination of material elements अचेतसः = having a misled mentality मां = Me च = also एव = certainly अन्तः = within शरीरस्थं = situated in the body तान् = them विद्धि = understand आसुरनिश्चयान् = demons. आहारः = eating तु = certainly अपि = also सर्वस्य = of everyone त्रिविधः = of three kinds भवति = there is प्रियः = dear यज्ञः = sacrifice तपः = austerity तथा = also दानं = charity तेषां = of them भेदं = the differences इमं = this श‍ृणु = hear. आयुः = duration of life सत्त्व = existence बल = strength आरोग्य = health सुख = happiness प्रीति = and satisfaction विवर्धनाः = increasing रस्याः = juicy स्निग्धाः = fatty स्थिराः = enduring हृद्याः = pleasing to the heart आहारः = food सात्त्विक = to one in goodness प्रियाः = palatable. कटु = bitter आम्ल = sour लवण = salty अत्युष्ण = very hot तीक्ष्ण = pungent रुक्ष = dry विदाहिनः = burning आहारः = food राजसस्य = to one in the mode of passion इष्टाः = palatable दुःख = distress शोक = misery आमय = disease प्रदाः = causing. यातयामं = food cooked three hours before being eaten गतरसं = tasteless पूति = bad-smelling पर्युषितं = decomposed च = also यत् = that which उच्छिष्टं = remnants of food eaten by others अपि = also च = and अमेध्यं = untouchable भोजनं = eating तामस = to one in the mode of darkness प्रियं = dear. अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिः = by those devoid of desire for result यज्ञः = sacrifice विधिदिष्टः = according to the direction of scripture यः = which इज्यते = is performed यष्टव्यं = must be performed एव = certainly इति = thus मनः = mind समाधाय = fixing सः = it सात्त्विकः = in the mode of goodness. अभिसन्धाय = desiring तु = but फलं = the result दम्भ = pride अर्थं = for the sake of अपि = also च = and एव = certainly यत् = that which इज्यते = is performed भरतश्रेष्ठ = O chief of the Bharatas तं = that यज्ञं = sacrifice विद्धि = know राजसं = in the mode of passion. विधिहीनं = without scriptural direction असृष्टान्नं = without distribution of prasAdam मन्त्रहीनं = with no chanting of the Vedic hymns अदक्षिणं = with no remunerations to the priests श्रद्धा = faith विरहितं = without यज्ञं = sacrifice तामसं = in the mode of ignorance परिचक्षते = is to be considered. देव = of the Supreme Lord द्विज = the brahmanas गुरु = the spiritual master प्रज्ञा = and worshipable personalities पूजानं = worship शौचं = cleanliness आर्जवं = simplicity ब्रह्मचर्यं = celibacy अहिंसा = nonviolence च = also शरीरं = pertaining to the body तपः = austerity उच्यते = is said to be. अनुद्वेगकरं = not agitating वाक्यं = words सत्यं = truthful प्रिय = dear हितं = beneficial च = also यत् = which स्वाध्याय = of Vedic study अभ्यसनं = practice च = also एव = certainly वाङ्मयं = of the voice तपः = austerity उच्यते = is said to be. मनःप्रसादः = satisfaction of the mind सौम्यत्वं = being without duplicity towards others मौनं = gravity आत्म = of the self विनिग्रहः = control भाव = of one's nature संशुद्धिः = purification इति = thus एतत् = this तपः = austerity मानसं = of the mind उच्यते = is said to be. श्रद्धया = with faith परया = transcendental तप्तं = executed तपः = austerity तत् = that त्रिविधं = of three kinds नरैः = by men अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिः = who are without desires for fruits युक्तैः = engaged सात्त्विकं = in the mode of goodness परिचक्षते = is called. सत्कार = respect मान = honor पूजा = and worship अर्थं = for the sake of तपः = austerity दम्भेन = with pride च = also एव = certainly यत् = which क्रियते = is performed तत् = that इह = in this world प्रोक्तं = is said राजसं = in the mode of passion चलं = flickering अध्रुवं = temporary. मूढ = foolish ग्राहेण = with endeavor आत्मनः = of one's own self यत् = which पीडया = by torture क्रियते = is performed तपः = penance परस्य = to others उत्सादनार्थं = for the sake of causing annihilation वा = or तत् = that तामसं = in the mode of darkness उदाहृतं = is said to be. दातव्यं = worth giving इति = thus यत् = that which दानं = charity दीयते = is given अनुपकारिणे = irrespective of return देशे = in a proper place काले = at a proper time च = also पात्रे = to a suitable person च = and तत् = that दानं = charity सात्त्विकं = in the mode of goodness स्मृतं = is considered. यत् = that which तु = but प्रत्युपकारार्थं = for the sake of getting some return फलं = a result उद्दिश्य = desiring वा = or पुनः = again दीयते = is given च = also परिक्लिष्टं = grudgingly तत् = that दानं = charity राजसं = in the mode of passion स्मृतं = is understood to be. अदेश = at an unpurified place काले = and unpurified time यत् = that which दानं = charity अपात्रेभ्यः = to unworthy persons च = also दीयते = is given असत्कृतं = without respect अवज्ञातं = without proper attention तत् = that तामसं = in the mode of darkness उदाहृतं = is said to be. ॐ = indication of the Supreme तत् = that सत् = eternal इति = thus निर्देशः = indication ब्रह्मणः = of the Supreme त्रिविधः = threefold स्मृतः = is considered ब्राह्मणाः = the brahmanas तेन = with that वेदाः = the Vedic literature च = also यज्ञाः = sacrifice च = also विहिताः = used पुरा = formerly. तस्मात् = therefore ॐ = beginning with om इति = thus उदाहृत्य = indicating यज्ञ = of sacrifice दान = charity तपः = and penance क्रियाः = performances प्रवर्तन्ते = begin विधानोक्तः = according to scriptural regulation सततं = always ब्रह्मवादिनां = of the transcendentalists. तत् = that इति = thus अनभिसन्धाय = without desiring फलं = the fruitive result यज्ञ = of sacrifice तपः = and penance क्रियाः = activities दान = of charity क्रियाः = activities च = also विविधाः = various क्रियन्ते = are done मोक्षकाङ्क्षिभिः = by those who actually desire liberation. सद्भवे = in the sense of the nature of the Supreme साधुभावे = in the sense of the nature of the devotee च = also सत् = the word sat इति = thus एतत् = this प्रयुज्यते = is used प्रशस्ते = in bona fide कर्मणि = activities तथा = also सच्छब्दः = the sound sat पार्थ = O son of Pritha युज्यते = is used यज्ञे = in sacrifice तपसि = in penance दाने = in charity च = also स्थितिः = the situation सत् = the Supreme इति = thus च = and उच्यते = is pronounced कर्म = work च = also एव = certainly तत् = for that अर्थियं = meant सत् = the Supreme इति = thus एव = certainly अभिधीयते = is indicated. अश्रद्धया = without faith हुतं = offered in sacrifice दत्तं = given तपः = penance तप्तं = executed कृतं = performed च = also यत् = that which असत् = false इति = thus उच्यते = is said to be पार्थ = O son of Pritha न = never च = also तत् = that प्रेत्य = after death नो = nor इह = in this life. End of 17.28

अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said संन्यासस्य = of renunciation महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one तत्त्वं = the truth इच्छामि = I wish वेदितुं = to understand त्यागस्य = of renunciation च = also हृषीकेश = O master of the senses पृथक् = differently केशिनिशूदन = O killer of the Kesi demon. श्रीभगवानुवाच = the Supreme Personality of Godhead said काम्यानां = with desire कर्मणां = of activities न्यासं = renunciation संन्यासं = the renounced order of life कवयः = the learned विदुः = know सर्व = of all कर्म = activities फल = of results त्यागं = renunciation प्राहुः = call त्यागं = renunciation विचक्षणः = the experienced. त्याज्यं = must be given up दोषवत् = as an evil इति = thus एके = one group कर्म = work प्राहुः = they say मनीषिणः = great thinkers यज्ञ = of sacrifice दान = charity तपः = and penance कर्म = works न = never त्याज्यं = are to be given up इति = thus च = and अपरे = others. निश्चयं = certainty श‍ृणु = hear मे = from Me तत्र = therein त्यागे = in the matter of renunciation भरतसत्तम = O best of the Bharatas त्यागः = renunciation हि = certainly पुरुषव्याघ्र = O tiger among human beings त्रिविधः = of three kinds सम्प्रकीर्तितः = is declared. यज्ञ = of sacrifice दान = charity तपः = and penance कर्म = activity न = never त्याज्यं = to be given up कार्यं = must be done एव = certainly तत् = that यज्ञः = sacrifice दानं = charity तपः = penance च = also एव = certainly पावनानि = purifying मनीषिणां = even for the great souls. एतानि = all these अपि = certainly तु = but कर्माणि = activities सङ्गं = association त्यक्त्वा = renouncing फलानि = results च = also कर्तव्यानि = should be done as duty इति = thus मे = My पार्थ = O son of Pritha निश्चितं = definite मतं = opinion उत्तमं = the best. नियतस्य = prescribed तु = but संन्यासः = renunciation कर्मणः = of activities न = never उपपद्यते = is deserved मोहात् = by illusion तस्य = of them परित्यागः = renunciation तामसः = in the mode of ignorance परिकीर्तितः = is declared. दुःखं = unhappy इति = thus एव = certainly यत् = which कर्म = work काय = for the body क्लेश = trouble भयात् = out of fear त्यजेत् = gives up सः = he कृत्वा = after doing राजसं = in the mode of passion त्यागं = renunciation न = not एव = certainly त्याग = of renunciation फलं = the results लभेत् = gains. कार्यं = it must be done इति = thus एव = indeed यत् = which कर्म = work नियतं = prescribed क्रियते = is performed अर्जुन = O Arjuna सङ्गं = association त्यक्त्वा = giving up फलं = the result च = also एव = certainly सः = that त्यागः = renunciation सात्त्विकः = in the mode of goodness मतः = in My opinion. न = never द्वेष्टि = hates अकुशलं = inauspicious कर्म = work कुशले = in the auspicious न = nor अनुषज्जते = becomes attached त्यागी = the renouncer सत्त्व = in goodness समाविष्टः = absorbed मेधावी = intelligent छिन्न = having cut off संशयः = all doubts. न = never हि = certainly देहभृता = by the embodied शक्यं = is possible त्यक्तुं = to be renounced कर्माणि = activities अशेषतः = altogether यः = anyone who तु = but कर्म = of work फल = of the result त्यागी = the renouncer सः = he त्यागी = the renouncer इति = thus अभिधीयते = is said. अनिष्टं = leading to hell इष्टं = leading to heaven मिश्रं = mixed च = and त्रिविधं = of three kinds कर्मणः = of work फलं = the result भवति = comes अत्यागिनां = for those who are not renounced प्रेत्य = after death न = not तु = but संन्यासीनां = for the renounced order क्वचित् = at any time. पञ्च = five एतानि = these महाबाहो = O mighty-armed one कारणानि = causes निबोध = just understand मे = from Me साङ्ख्ये = in the Vedanta कृतान्ते = in the conclusion प्रोक्तानि = said सिद्धये = for the perfection सर्व = of all कर्मणां = activities. अधिष्ठानं = the place तथा = also कर्ता = the worker करणं = instruments च = and पृथग्विधं = of different kinds विविधः = various च = and पृथक् = separate चेष्टः = the endeavors दैवं = the Supreme च = also एव = certainly अत्र = here पञ्चमं = the fifth. शरीर = by the body वाक् = speech मनोभिः = and mind यत् = which कर्म = work प्रारभते = begins नरः = a person न्याय्यं = right वा = or विपरीतं = the opposite वा = or पञ्च = five एते = all these तस्य = its हेतवः = causes. तत्र = there एवं = thus सति = being कर्तारं = the worker आत्मानं = himself केवलं = only तु = but यः = anyone who पश्यति = sees अकृतबुद्धित्वात् = due to unintelligence न = never सः = he पश्यति = sees दुर्मतिः = foolish. यस्य = one whose न = never अहङ्कृतः = of false ego भावः = nature बुद्धिः = intelligence यस्य = one whose न = never लिप्यते = is attached हत्वा = killing अपि = even सः = he इमान् = this लोकान् = world न = never हन्ति = kills न = never निबध्यते = becomes entangled. ज्ञानं = knowledge ज्ञेयं = the objective of knowledge परिज्ञाता = the knower त्रिविधा = of three kinds कर्म = of work चोदना = the impetus करणं = the senses कर्म = the work कर्ता = the doer इति = thus त्रिविधः = of three kinds कर्म = of work संग्रहः = the accumulation. ज्ञानं = knowledge कर्म = work च = also कर्ता = worker च = also त्रिधा = of three kinds एव = certainly गुणभेदतः = in terms of different modes of material nature प्रोच्यते = are said गुणसंख्याने = in terms of different modes यथावत् = as they are श‍ृणु = hear तानि = all of them अपि = also. सर्वभूतेषु = in all living entities येन = by which एकं = one भावं = situation अव्ययं = imperishable ईक्षते = one sees अविभक्तं = undivided विभक्तेषु = in the numberless divided तत् = that ज्ञानं = knowledge विद्धि = know सात्त्विकं = in the mode of goodness. पृथक्त्वेन = because of division तु = but यत् = which ज्ञानं = knowledge नानाभावान् = multifarious situations पृथग्विधान् = different वेत्ति = knows सर्वेषु = in all भूतेषु = living entities तत् = that ज्ञानं = knowledge विद्धि = must be known राजसं = in terms of passion. यत् = that which तु = but कृत्स्नवत् = as all in all एकस्मिन् = in one कार्ये = work सक्तं = attached अहैतुकं = without cause अतत्त्वार्थवत् = without knowledge of reality अल्पं = very meager च = and तत् = that तामसं = in the mode of darkness उदाहृतं = is said to be. नियतं = regulated सङ्गरहितं = without attachment अरागद्वेषतः = without love or hatred कृतं = done अफलप्रेप्सुना = by one without desire for fruitive result कर्म = action यत् = which तत् = that सात्त्विकं = in the mode of goodness उच्यते = is called. यत् = that which तु = but कामेप्सुना = by one with desires for fruitive results कर्म = work साहङ्कारेण = with ego वा = or पुनः = again क्रियते = is performed बहुलायासं = with great labor तत् = that राजसं = in the mode of passion उदाहृतं = is said to be. अनुबन्धं = of future bondage क्षयं = destruction हिंसां = and distress to others अनपेक्ष्य = without considering the consequences च = also पौरुषं = self-sanctioned मोहात् = by illusion आरभ्यते = is begun कर्म = work यत् = which तत् = that तामसं = in the mode of ignorance उच्यते = is said to be. मुक्तसङ्गः = liberated from all material association अनहंवादि = without false ego धृति = with determination उत्साह = and great enthusiasm समन्वितः = qualified सिद्धि = in perfection असिद्ध्योः = and failure निर्विकारः = without change कर्ता = worker सात्त्विकः = in the mode of goodness उच्यते = is said to be. रागी = very much attached कर्मफल = the fruit of the work प्रेप्सुः = desiring लुब्धः = greedy हिंसात्मकः = always envious अशुचिः = unclean हर्षशोकान्वितः = subject to joy and sorrow कर्ता = such a worker राजसः = in the mode of passion परिकीर्तितः = is declared. अयुक्तः = not referring to the scriptural injunctions प्राकृतः = materialistic स्तब्धः = obstinate शठः = deceitful नैष्कृतिकः = expert in insulting others अलसः = lazy विषादि = morose दीर्घसूत्री = procrastinating च = also कर्ता = worker तामसः = in the mode of ignorance उच्यते = is said to be. बुद्धेः = of intelligence भेदं = the differences धृतेः = of steadiness च = also एव = certainly गुणतः = by the modes of material nature त्रिविधं = of three kinds श‍ृणु = just hear प्रोच्यमानं = as described by Me अशेषेण = in detail पृथक्त्वेन = differently धनञ्जय = O winner of wealth. प्रवृत्तिं = doing च = also निवृत्तिं = not doing च = and कार्य = what ought to be done अकार्ये = and what ought not to be done भय = fear अभये = and fearlessness बन्धं = bondage मोक्षं = liberation च = and या = that which वेत्ति = knows बुद्धिः = understanding सा = that पार्थ = O son of Pritha सात्त्विकी = in the mode of goodness. यया = by which धर्मं = the principles of religion अधर्मं = irreligion च = and कार्यं = what ought to be done च = also अकार्यं = what ought not to be done एव = certainly च = also अयथावत् = imperfectly प्रजानाति = knows बुद्धिः = intelligence सा = that पार्थ = O son of Pritha राजसी = in the mode of passion. अधर्मं = irreligion धर्मं = religion इति = thus या = which मन्यते = thinks तमस = by illusion आवृता = covered सर्वार्थान् = all things विपरीतान् = in the wrong direction च = also बुद्धिः = intelligence सा = that पार्थ = O son of Pritha तामसी = in the mode of ignorance. धृत्या = determination यया = by which धारयते = one sustains मनः = of the mind प्राण = life इन्द्रिय = and senses क्रियाः = the activities योगेन = by yoga practice अव्यभिचारिण्या = without any break धृतिः = determination सा = that पार्थ = O son of Pritha सात्त्विकी = in the mode of goodness. यया = by which तु = but धर्म = religiosity काम = sense gratification अर्थन् = and economic development धृत्य = by determination धारयते = one sustains अर्जुन = O Arjuna प्रसङ्गेन = because of attachment फलाकाङ्क्षी = desiring fruitive results धृतिः = determination सा = that पार्थ = O son of Pritha राजसी = in the mode of passion. यया = by which स्वप्नं = dreaming भयं = fearfulness शोकं = lamentation विषादं = moroseness मदं = illusion एव = certainly च = also न = never विमुञ्चति = one gives up दुर्मेधा = unintelligent धृतिः = determination सा = that पार्थ = O son of Pritha तामसी = in the mode of ignorance. सुखं = happiness तु = but इदानीं = now त्रिविधं = of three kinds श‍ृणु = hear मे = from Me भरतर्षभ = O best amongst the Bharatas अभ्यासात् = by practice रमते = one enjoys यत्र = where दुःख = of distress अन्तं = the end च = also निगच्छति = gains. यत् = which तत् = that अग्रे = in the beginning विषमिव = like poison परिणामे = at the end अमृत = nectar उपमं = compared to तत् = that सुखं = happiness सात्त्विकं = in the mode of goodness प्रोक्तं = is said आत्म = in the self बुद्धि = of intelligence प्रसादजं = born of the satisfaction. विषय = of the objects of the senses इन्द्रिय = and the senses संयोगात् = from the combination यत् = which तत् = that अग्रे = in the beginning अमृतोपमं = just like nectar परिणामे = at the end विषमिव = like poison तत् = that सुखं = happiness राजसं = in the mode of passion स्मृतं = is considered. यत् = that which अग्रे = in the beginning च = also अनुबन्धे = at the end च = also सुखं = happiness मोहनं = illusory आत्मनः = of the self निद्रा = sleep आलस्य = laziness प्रमाद = and illusion उत्थं = produced of तत् = that तामसं = in the mode of ignorance उदाहृतं = is said to be. न = not तत् = that अस्ति = there is पृथिव्यां = on the earth वा = or दिवि = in the higher planetary system देवेषु = amongst the demigods वा = or पुनः = again सत्त्वं = existence प्रकृतिजैः = born of material nature मुक्तं = liberated यत् = that एभिः = from the influence of these स्यात् = is त्रिभिः = three गुणैः = modes of material nature. ब्राह्मण = of the brahmanas क्षत्रिय = the ksatriyas विशां = and the vaisyas शूद्राणां = of the shudras च = and परन्तप = O subduer of the enemies कर्माणि = the activities प्रविभक्तानि = are divided स्वभाव = their own nature प्रभवैः = born of गुणैः = by the modes of material nature. समः = peacefulness दमः = self-control तपः = austerity शौचं = purity क्षान्तिः = tolerance आर्जवं = honesty एव = certainly च = and ज्ञानं = knowledge विज्ञानं = wisdom आस्तिक्यं = religiousness ब्रह्म = of a brahmana कर्म = duty स्वभावजं = born of his own nature. शौर्यं = heroism तेजः = power धृतिः = determination दाक्ष्यं = resourcefulness युद्धे = in battle च = and अपि = also अपलायनं = not fleeing दानं = generosity ईश्वर = of leadership भावः = the nature च = and क्षात्रं = of a ksatriya कर्म = duty स्वभावजं = born of his own nature. कृषि = plowing गो = of cows रक्ष्य = protection वाणिज्यं = trade वैश्य = of a vaisya कर्म = duty स्वभावजं = born of his own nature परिचर्य = service आत्मकं = consisting of कर्म = duty शूद्रस्य = of the shudra अपि = also स्वभावजं = born of his own nature. स्वे स्वे = each his own कर्मणि = work अभिरतः = following संसिद्धिं = perfection लभते = achieves नरः = a man स्वकर्म = in his own duty निरतः = engaged सिद्धिं = perfection यथा = as विन्दति = attains तत् = that श‍ृणु = listen. यतः = from whom प्रवृत्तिः = the emanation भूतानां = of all living entities येन = by whom सर्वं = all इदं = this ततं = is pervaded स्वकर्मणा = by his own duties तं = Him अभ्यर्च्य = by worshiping सिद्धिं = perfection विन्दति = achieves मानवः = a man. श्रेयान् = better स्वधर्मः = one's own occupation विगुणः = imperfectly performed परधर्मात् = than another's occupation स्वनुष्ठितात् = perfectly done स्वभावनियतं = prescribed according to one's nature कर्म = work कुर्वन् = performing न = never आप्नोति = achieves किल्बिशं = sinful reactions. सहजं = born simultaneously कर्म = work कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti सदोषं = with fault अपि = although न = never त्यजेत् = one should give up सर्वारम्भः = all ventures हि = certainly दोषेन = with fault धूमेन = with smoke अग्निः = fire इव = as आवृताः = covered. असक्तबुद्धिः = having unattached intelligence सर्वत्र = everywhere जितात्मा = having control of the mind विगतस्पृहः = without material desires नैष्कर्म्यसिद्धिं = the perfection of nonreaction परमां = supreme संन्यासेन = by the renounced order of life अधिगच्छति = one attains. सिद्धिं = perfection प्राप्तः = achieving यथा = as ब्रह्म = the Supreme तथा = so आप्नोति = one achieves निबोध = try to understand मे = from Me समासेन = summarily एव = certainly कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti निष्ठा = the stage ज्ञानस्य = of knowledge या = which परा = transcendental. बुद्ध्या = with the intelligence विशुद्धया = fully purified युक्तः = engaged धृत्य = by determination आत्मानं = the self नियम्य = regulating च = also शब्दादिन् = such as sound विषयान् = the sense objects त्यक्त्वा = giving up राग = attachment द्वेषौ = and hatred व्युदस्य = laying aside च = also विविक्तसेवी = living in a secluded place लघ्वाशी = eating a small quantity यत = having controlled वाक् = speech काय = body मानसः = and mind ध्यानयोगपरः = absorbed in trance नित्यं = twenty-four hours a day वैराग्यं = detachment समुपाश्रितः = having taken shelter of अहङ्कारं = false ego बलं = false strength दर्पं = false pride कामं = lust क्रोधं = anger परिग्रहं = and acceptance of material things विमुच्य = being delivered from निर्ममः = without a sense of proprietorship शान्तः = peaceful ब्रह्मभूयाय = for self-realization कल्पते = is qualified. ब्रह्मभूतः = being one with the Absolute प्रसन्नात्मा = fully joyful न = never शोचति = laments न = never काङ्क्षति = desires समः = equally disposed सर्वेषु = to all भूतेषु = living entities मद्भक्तिं = My devotional service लभते = gains परां = transcendental. भक्त्या = by pure devotional service मां = Me अभिजानाति = one can know यावान् = as much as yah चास्मि = as I am तत्त्वतः = in truth ततः = thereafter मां = Me तत्त्वतः = in truth ज्ञात्वा = knowing विशते = he enters तदनन्तरं = thereafter. सर्व = all कर्माणि = activities अपि = although सदा = always कुर्वाणः = performing मद्व्यपाश्रयः = under My protection मत्प्रसादात् = by My mercy अवाप्नोति = one achieves शाश्वतं = the eternal पदं = abode अव्ययं = imperishable. चेतसा = by intelligence सर्वकर्माणि = all kinds of activities मयि = unto Me संन्यस्य = giving up मत्परः = under My protection बुद्धियोगं = devotional activities उपाश्रित्य = taking shelter of मच्चित्तः = in consciousness of Me सततं = twenty-four hours a day भव = just become. मत् = of Me चित्तः = being in consciousness सर्व = all दुर्गाणि = impediments मत्प्रसादात् = by My mercy तरिष्यसि = you will overcome अथ = but चेत् = if त्वं = you अहङ्कारात् = by false ego न श्रोस्यसि = do not hear विनङ्क्ष्यसि = you will be lost. यत् = if अहङ्कारं = of false ego आश्रित्य = taking shelter न योत्स्ये = I shall not fight इति = thus मन्यसे = you think मिथ्यैषः = this is all false व्यवसायः = determination ते = your प्रकृतिः = material nature त्वां = you नियोक्ष्यति = will engage. स्वभावजेन = born of your own nature कौन्तेय = O son of Kunti निबद्धः = conditioned स्वेन = by your own कर्मणा = activities कर्तुं = to do न = not इच्छसि = you like यत् = that which मोहात् = by illusion करिष्यसि = you will do अवशः = involuntarily अपि = even तत् = that. ईश्वरः = the Supreme Lord सर्वभूतानां = of all living entities हृद्देशे = in the location of the heart अर्जुन = O Arjuna तिष्ठति = resides भ्रामयन् = causing to travel सर्वभूतानी = all living entities यन्त्र = on a machine आरूढानि = being placed मायया = under the spell of material energy. तं = unto Him एव = certainly शरणम् गच्छ = surrender सर्वभावेन = in all respects भारत = O son of Bharata तत्प्रसादात् = by His grace परां = transcendental शान्तिं = peace स्थानं = the abode प्राप्स्यसि = you will get शाश्वतं = eternal. इति = thus ते = unto you ज्ञानं = knowledge आख्यातं = described गुह्यात् = than confidential गुह्यतरं = still more confidential मया = by Me विमृश्य = deliberating एतत् = on this अशेषेण = fully यथा = as इच्छसि = you like तथा = that कुरु = perform. सर्वगुह्यतमं = the most confidential of all भूयः = again श‍ृणु = just hear मे = from Me परमं = the supreme वचः = instruction इष्टः असि = you are dear मे = to Me दृढं = very इति = thus ततः = therefore वक्ष्यामि = I am speaking ते = for your हितं = benefit. मन्मनाः = thinking of Me भव = just become मद्भक्तः = My devotee मद्याजी = My worshiper मां = unto Me नमस्कुरु = offer your obeisances मां = unto Me एव = certainly एष्यसि = you will come सत्यं = truly ते = to you प्रतिजाने = I promise प्रियः = dear असि = you are मे = to Me. सर्वधर्मान् = all varieties of religion परित्यज्य = abandoning मां = unto Me एकं = only शरणं = for surrender व्रज = go अहं = I त्वां = you सर्व = all पापेभ्यः = from sinful reactions मोक्षयिष्यामि = will deliver मा = do not शुचः = worry. इदं = this ते = by you न = never अतपस्काय = to one who is not austere न = never अभक्ताय = to one who is not a devotee कदाचन = at any time न = never च = also अशुश्रूषवे = to one who is not engaged in devotional service वाच्यं = to be spoken न = never च = also मां = toward Me यः = anyone who अभ्यसूयति = is envious. यः = anyone who इदं = this परमं = most गुह्यं = confidential secret मत् = of Mine भक्तेषु = amongst devotees अभिधास्यति = explains भक्तिं = devotional service मयि = unto Me परां = transcendental कृत्वा = doing मां = unto Me एव = certainly एष्यति = comes असंशयः = without doubt. न = never च = and तस्मात् = than him मनुष्येषु = among men कश्चित् = anyone मे = to Me प्रियकृत्तमः = more dear भविता = will become न = nor च = and मे = to Me तस्मात् = than him अन्यः = another प्रियतरः = dearer भुवि = in this world. अध्येष्यते = will study च = also यः = he who इमं = this धर्म्यं = sacred संवादं = conversation आवयोः = of ours ज्ञान = of knowledge यज्ञेन = by the sacrifice तेन = by him अहं = I इष्टः = worshiped स्यां = shall be इति = thus मे = My मतिः = opinion. श्रद्धावान् = faithful अनसूयः = not envious च = and श‍ृणुयात् = does hear अपि = certainly यः = who नरः = a man सः = he अपि = also मुक्तः = being liberated शुभान् = the auspicious लोकान् = planets प्राप्नुयात् = he attains पुण्यकर्मणां = of the pious. कच्चित् = whether एतत् = this श्रुतं = heard पार्थ = O son of Pritha त्वया = by you एकाग्रेण = with full attention चेतसा = by the mind कच्चित् = whether अज्ञान = of ignorance सम्मोहः = the illusion प्रणष्टः = dispelled ते = of you धनञ्जय = O conqueror of wealth (Arjuna). अर्जुन उवाच = Arjuna said नष्टः = dispelled मोहः = illusion स्मृतिः = memory लब्धा = regained त्वत्प्रसादात् = by Your mercy मया = by me अच्युत = O infallible KRiShNa स्थितः = situated अस्मि = I am गत = removed सन्देहः = all doubts करिष्ये = I shall execute वचनं = order तव = Your. सञ्जय उवाच = Sanjaya said इति = thus अहं = I वासुदेवस्य = of KRiShNa पार्थस्य = and Arjuna च = also महात्मनः = of the great soul संवादं = discussion इमं = this अश्रौषं = have heard अद्भुतं = wonderful रोमहर्षणं = making the hair stand on end. व्यासप्रसादात् = by the mercy of Vyasadeva श्रुतवान् = have heard एतत् = this गुह्यं = confidential अहं = I परं = the supreme योगं = mysticism योगेश्वरात् = from the master of all mysticism कृष्णात् = from KRiShNa साक्षात् = directly कथयतः = speaking स्वयं = personally. राजन् = O King संस्मृत्य = remembering संस्मृत्य = remembering संवादं = message इमं = this अद्भुतं = wonderful केशव = of Lord KRiShNa अर्जुनयोः = and Arjuna पुण्यं = pious हृष्यामि = I am taking pleasure च = also मुहुर्मुहुः = repeatedly. तत् = that च = also संस्मृत्य = remembering संस्मृत्य = remembering रूपं = form अति = greatly अद्भुतं = wonderful हरेः = of Lord KRiShNa विस्मयः = wonder मे = my महान् = great राजन् = O King हृष्यामि = I am enjoying च = also पुनः पुनः = repeatedly. यत्र = where योगेश्वरः = the master of mysticism कृष्णः = Lord KRiShNa यत्र = where पार्थः = the son of Pritha धनुर्धरः = the carrier of the bow and arrow तत्र = there श्रीः = opulence विजयः = victory भूतिः = exceptional power ध्रुवा = certain नीतिः = morality मतिर्मम = my opinion. End of 18.78